[논문]Tonal development and voice quality in the stops of Seoul Korean

Yu, Hye Jeong

doi:10.13064/ksss.2018.10.4.091

Tonal development and voice quality in the stops of Seoul Korean 원문보기

말소리와 음성과학 = Phonetics and speech sciences, v.10 no.4, 2018년, pp.91 - 99

Yu, Hye Jeong (Hanshin University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Korean stops are currently undergoing a tonogenetic sound change, as found in the Seoul dialect in which a merged VOT of aspirated and lax stops induces F0 to be the primary cue for distinguishing the two stops and the lax stops have lower F0 than the aspirated stops. In tonal languages, low tone is produced with a breathy voice. This study investigated whether there are changes in voice quality with respect to the tonogenetic sound change of Korean stops. Two age groups speaking the Seoul dialect participated in this study: five females and six males born in the 1940s and 1950s and nine females and eight males born in the 1980s and 1990s. This study replicated previous findings of VOT and F0 and further examined H1-H2, H1-A1, and H1-A2 to see how they correlate with the sound change. In the older and younger generations, H1-H2, H1-A1, and H1-A2 were significantly lower after the tense stops than after the aspirated and lax stops, but they were not significantly different after the aspirated and lax stops. However, the younger females exhibited some different results for H1-H2 and H1-A2 than the older generation. In the younger females, the H1-H2 mean was higher after the aspirated stops than it was after the lax stops at the vowel onset, and the H1-H2 difference increased at the vowel midpoint. Although there was an inter-speaker variation in the results of H1-H2 and H1-A1, analyses of individual speakers showed that the H1-H2 and H1-A1 were higher after the lax stops than after the aspirated stops in the younger female speakers. These results indicate that lax stops tend to be breathier than aspirated stops in the younger female speakers. They also indicate that changes in voice quality are on Korean stops with tonal sound change, but are still developing.

주제어

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문제 정의

The F0 distinction of the aspirated and lax stops with the weakening VOT distinction may influence voice quality in Korean stops. This study investigated whether there is a change in voice quality of the phonation type contrast for Korean stops in accordance with the tonogenesis sound change. This study examined H1-H2, H1-A1, and H1-A2 at the onset and midpoint of the vowel after word initial stops.

제안 방법

This study investigated whether there is a change in voice quality of the phonation type contrast for Korean stops in accordance with the tonogenesis sound change. This study examined H1-H2, H1-A1, and H1-A2 at the onset and midpoint of the vowel after word initial stops. It also examined VOT and F0 of the stops to confirm the sound change.

이론/모형

The effect of interaction between phonation type and gender sampled was tested using likelihood ratio test (LRT) with the Anova function comparing two models (one including the interaction and another with only additive effects of the two factors) to attain χ2-values.

성능/효과

All measurements were taken in the Praat on Fourier spectrogram with a Gaussian window shape, a Frequency Range of 0–5,000 Hz, Window Length of 0.005 seconds, and dynamic range of 50 dB.

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