엽과비 조절이 무가온 하우스 하례조생 감귤의 비대 및 과실품질에 미치는 영향 Effect of Regulation of Leaf to Fruit Ratio on the Fruit Growth and Quality of 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma Mandarin in Non-Heated Plastic Film House원문보기
BACKGROUND: Recently, the need for a method to cultivate 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin has been increasing. However, there is limited information available as this is a new Satsuma mandarin cultivar, which was bred by the RDA in 2004. Many farmers who cultivate this cultivar follow the cultivation...
BACKGROUND: Recently, the need for a method to cultivate 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin has been increasing. However, there is limited information available as this is a new Satsuma mandarin cultivar, which was bred by the RDA in 2004. Many farmers who cultivate this cultivar follow the cultivation method similar to that used for 'Miyagawa' Satsuma mandarin, and suffer low production of optimum-sized fruits. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was conducted to find out the optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit for the stable production of high quality 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin fruits in a non-heated plastic film house. Seven-year-old 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin trees were used in the study. Before the treatment, the leaf-to-fruit ratio ranged from 5.7 to 17.9. The treatments included 10, 20, 30, and 40 leaves per fruit. The fruits were removed if over fruiting was observed at day 60 after full bloom. We investigated the fruit size and quality on the day of harvest. Flowering and fruiting patterns in each treatment were recorded for the following year. In the experiments, the flower-to-leaf ratio was 1.12 to 1.74. As the leaf-to-fruit ratio decreased, the fruit size and weight also decreased. Contrarily, the higher the ratio of leaf-to-fruit, the higher fruit size and weight were. It was noted that the ratio of 20:1 was ideal to produce the M grade optimum-sized Satsuma mandarin fruits on the day of harvest. However, higher ratio might result in fruits weighting above 100 g. There was no difference among the treatments in terms of fruit quality, such as total soluble solid contents, titratable acid, and color. In the subsequent years, flowering and fruiting in the treatments were lowered when the leaf number per fruit was 10, but they were improved when the leaf number per fruit was above 20. CONCLUSION: Based on the above results, the optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit was found to be 20:1 for flowering and fruiting of 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin. It is important that optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit is set as a standard to produce good grade and quality of 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin fruits.
BACKGROUND: Recently, the need for a method to cultivate 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin has been increasing. However, there is limited information available as this is a new Satsuma mandarin cultivar, which was bred by the RDA in 2004. Many farmers who cultivate this cultivar follow the cultivation method similar to that used for 'Miyagawa' Satsuma mandarin, and suffer low production of optimum-sized fruits. METHODS AND RESULTS: This study was conducted to find out the optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit for the stable production of high quality 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin fruits in a non-heated plastic film house. Seven-year-old 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin trees were used in the study. Before the treatment, the leaf-to-fruit ratio ranged from 5.7 to 17.9. The treatments included 10, 20, 30, and 40 leaves per fruit. The fruits were removed if over fruiting was observed at day 60 after full bloom. We investigated the fruit size and quality on the day of harvest. Flowering and fruiting patterns in each treatment were recorded for the following year. In the experiments, the flower-to-leaf ratio was 1.12 to 1.74. As the leaf-to-fruit ratio decreased, the fruit size and weight also decreased. Contrarily, the higher the ratio of leaf-to-fruit, the higher fruit size and weight were. It was noted that the ratio of 20:1 was ideal to produce the M grade optimum-sized Satsuma mandarin fruits on the day of harvest. However, higher ratio might result in fruits weighting above 100 g. There was no difference among the treatments in terms of fruit quality, such as total soluble solid contents, titratable acid, and color. In the subsequent years, flowering and fruiting in the treatments were lowered when the leaf number per fruit was 10, but they were improved when the leaf number per fruit was above 20. CONCLUSION: Based on the above results, the optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit was found to be 20:1 for flowering and fruiting of 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin. It is important that optimum ratio of leaf-to-fruit is set as a standard to produce good grade and quality of 'Haryejosaeng' Satsuma mandarin fruits.
본 연구는 하례조생 감귤의 비대 및 과실품질과 다음해 착과에 미치는 엽과비 조절에 대한 영향을 조사하여 고품질 하례조생 감귤을 생산하기 위한 기초자료를 만들기 위해 수행하였다.
제안 방법
74로 전체적으로 착화량이 많았다. 이러한 시험수에 대해 만개기를 기준으로 60일째 되는 시기에 엽과비를 조절하여 기존의 5.7∼17.9:1의 엽과비를 시험처리구와 같은 수준으로 10, 20, 30, 40:1의 비율로 조절하였다(Table 1).
대상 데이터
본 시험을 위해 제주도 서귀포시 남원읍 신흥리에 위치한 무가온 하우스에서 하례조생 나무를 집구로 하여 5집구에 엽과비 처리를 만개 후 60일째를 기준으로 적과를 통해 엽수와 과실수를 10:1, 20:1, 30:1, 40:1으로 조절하여 만개후 60일째인 2016년 7월 1일 처리별로 처리하여 4처리구를 5반복으로 난괴법에 따라 2016년 3월부터 2017년 8월까지 시험을 수행하였다.
데이터처리
본 시험에서 얻어진 자료에 대해서 통계프로그램 SAS Enterprise Guide 3.0을 이용하여 던칸다중검정(p=0.05)으로 처리간의 유의성을 분석하였다.
성능/효과
이에 따라 소비자가 좋아하는 선호도가 높은 규격의 과일을 생산하는 게 가장 중요하지만 이와 더불어 다음해에도 꽃이 오고 과일이 달리는 게 농업인의 안정적인 소득을 유지하는데 있어 무엇보다 중요하다. 따라서 본 연구 결과를 통해 살펴보았을 때 무가온 하우스 하례조생의 적정 과실 생산 및 다음해 안정적인 착화 및 착과가 올 수 있는 엽과비로 만개 후 60일째를 기준으로 했을 때 20:1이 적절한 것으로 판단되었다.
착과량이 많았던 처리구인 10:1 처리구는 전 생육기간 동안 과실의 비대가 가장 불량하여 수확일에도 과실의 크기는 다근 처리구에 비해 유의하게 작았다. 반면 20:1 처리구는 10:1 처리구에 비해 과실이 비대가 양호하였으며 수확일에도 적정 M등급의 과실을 생산할 수 있는 크기로 수확일에 비대되었다. 30과 40:1 처리구에서는 다른 처리구에 비해 생육기간 횡경 비대가 유의하게 컸으며 두 처리간의 비대는 생육 중 큰 차이를 보이지 않았다(Fig.
질의응답
핵심어
질문
논문에서 추출한 답변
하례조생의 정의는?
하례조생은 입간조생에 하귤을 교배하여 육성한 주심배실생 조생온주밀감으로 2004년 국립원예특작과학원 감귤연구소에서 육성한 품종이다. 최근 하례조생은 재배면적이 급격히 증가하여 350 ha (2015, 감귤연구소)에 이르고 있으며 계속 재배면적이 증가하고 있는 신품종이다.
감귤규격에 대한 설명 중 과실등급 규격은 어떻게 이루어져 있는가?
최근 감귤주산지인 제주는 감귤규격 등급이 일부 완화되어 당도가 높은 과실에 대해서는 과실이 크기가 다소 작더라도 상품과로 유통할 수 있는 5등급 체계로 변화되었다. 이러한 변경된 과실등급 규격은 2S(기존 1번과, 47∼51 mm), S(2~4번과, 52∼58 mm), M(5∼6번과, 59∼62 mm), L(7∼8번과, 63∼70 mm), 2L(9∼10번과, 71∼78 mm 이상)으로 이뤄져 있다. 그러나 현재도 여전히 많이 선호하는 등급은 적정 크기가 생산되는 M(59∼62 mm)등급을 소비자들이 선호한다.
최근 하례조생의 재배면적 및 추세는?
하례조생은 입간조생에 하귤을 교배하여 육성한 주심배실생 조생온주밀감으로 2004년 국립원예특작과학원 감귤연구소에서 육성한 품종이다. 최근 하례조생은 재배면적이 급격히 증가하여 350 ha (2015, 감귤연구소)에 이르고 있으며 계속 재배면적이 증가하고 있는 신품종이다. 그러나 제주도 내 온주밀감 감귤원의 70% 이상이 일본 품종인 흥진과 궁천을 재배하고 있고 재배법도 이에 맞춰 개발되어져 왔다.
참고문헌 (12)
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