최소 단어 이상 선택하여야 합니다.
최대 10 단어까지만 선택 가능합니다.
다음과 같은 기능을 한번의 로그인으로 사용 할 수 있습니다.
NTIS 바로가기대한예방한의학회지 = Journal of Society of Preventive Korean Medicine, v.22 no.1, 2018년, pp.69 - 80
고원준 (상지대학교 한의과대학) , 안정훈 (상지대학교 한의과대학) , 이선동 (상지대학교 한의과대학 예방의학교실)
Objectives : This paper examines the effects of Particulate Matter on human bodies and the possibility of treating them with Chinese or Korean medicines. Methods : This paper categorizes the diseases caused by Particulate Matter, as well as the causes, pathology, prevention methods, and effectivenes...
* AI 자동 식별 결과로 적합하지 않은 문장이 있을 수 있으니, 이용에 유의하시기 바랍니다.
핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
먼지란 무엇인가? | 미세먼지(霧霾)에 지속적으로 노출되었을 때 나타나는 다양한 신체증상과 반응은 과학적으로 입증된 사실이기 때문에 이에 대한 올바른 대책이 반드시 강구 되어야 한다. 1),2) 먼지는 대기 중에 떠다니거나 흩날려 내려오는 입자상 물질로 자연적, 인공적 요인에 의해서 발생한다. 3) 먼지는 입자의 크기에 따라 50㎛ 이하인총 먼지(TSP, Total Suspended Particles)와 미세먼지(霧霾)로 구분한다. | |
미세먼지의 입자크기가 더 작을수록 건강에 해로운데, 그 이유는 무엇인가? | 미세먼지(霧霾)의 농도와 성분이 동일하려면 입자크기가 더 작을수록 건강에 해롭다 11) . 그 이유는 같은 농도인 경우 PM2.5는 PM10보다 더 넓은 표면적을 갖기 때문에 다른 유해물질들이 더 많이 흡착될 수 있고 입자크기가 더 작으므로 세포 간 이동이 어렵지 않게 이루어져 체내에서 이동할 가능성도 높기 때문이다. 12) 미세먼지(霧霾)가 단순히 축적되는 것이 위험한 것이 아니라, 쉽게 배출되지 못하여 비가역적인 변화를 일으킬 수 있으며 그 결과를 예측하기 어렵다는 것이 문제이다. | |
먼지는 어떻게 구분되는가? | 1),2) 먼지는 대기 중에 떠다니거나 흩날려 내려오는 입자상 물질로 자연적, 인공적 요인에 의해서 발생한다. 3) 먼지는 입자의 크기에 따라 50㎛ 이하인총 먼지(TSP, Total Suspended Particles)와 미세먼지(霧霾)로 구분한다. 이 중 미세먼지(PM, Particulate Matter)는 입자상 물질이라는 뜻으로 지름이 10㎛보다 작은 미세먼지(霧霾, PM10)를 말한다. |
Donaldson,K. Seaton, A. A short history of the toxicology of inhaled particles, Part. Fibre. Toxicol. 2012;9(1):13.
Kim, K.H. Kabir, E. Kabir, S. A review on the human health impact of airborne particulate matter, Environ. Int. 2015;74:136-143.
Pope III, C.A. Dockery, D.W. Health effects of fine particulate air pollution: lines that connect, J. Air Waste Manage. Assoc. 2016;56:709-742.
Research on setting standard of ambient pm 2.5. National Institute of Environmental Research, 2006.
Z. Chen, J.N. Wang, Ma G.X, Zhang Y.S, China tackles the health effects of air pollution, Lancet. 2013;382:1959-1960.
?元兵, ??中?辨治之管?, Traditional Chinese Medicine Journal, 2015;4:34-35.
G. Oberdorster, Pulmonary effects of inhaled ultrafine particles, Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 2000;74:1-8.
高秀?, 中?治???性肺??管?, 浙江中?? 大???, 2016;08:593.
?娜, ?"燥、?、毒"三邪?治??相?性疾病, 2016;12;130.
王超群, ?析?霆咳嗽的?病特点及?治思路, 黑?江中??, 2016.
Cheng, Y.S. Aerosol deposition in the extrathoracic region, Aerosol Sci. Technol. 2003;37:659-671.
Oberdorster, G. Oberdorster, E. Oberdorster, J. Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles, Environ. Health Perspect. 2005;113:823-839.
Mazaheri, M. S. Clifford, R. Jayaratne, M.A. Megat Mokhtar, F.Fuoco, G. Buonanno, L. Morawska, School children's personal exposure to ultrafine particles in the urban environment, Environ. Sci. Technol. 2014;48:113-120.
T.Jasarevic, T. Glenn, Osseiran, N. (2014, March 25). 7 million premature deaths annually linked to air pollution. Retrieved from http://www.who.int/mediacentre/news/ releases/2014/air-pollution/en/2014.March25.
World Health Organization International Agency for Research on Cancer Bitumens and Bitumen Emissions, and Some N- and S-Heterocyclic Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons. IARC Monographs on the Evaluation of Carcinogenic Risks to Humans Vol. 103 ISBN-13 : 978-92-832-0141-0.
Knudsen, K.B. Northeved, H. Ek, P.K. Permin, A. Andresen, T.L. Larsen, S. Wegener, K.M. Lam, H.R. Lykkesfeldt, J. Differential toxicological response to positively and negatively charged nanoparticles in the rat brain, Nanotoxicology 2014;8:764-774.
Minn, A. Leclerc, S. Heydel, J.M. Minn, A.L. Denizcot, C. Cattarelli, M. Netter, P. Gradinaru, D. Drug transport into the mammalian brain: the nasal pathway and its specific metabolic barrier, J. Drug Target. 2002;10:285-296.
Dorman, D.C. Struve, M.F. Wong, B.A. Dye, J.A. Robertson, I.D. Correlation of brain magnetic resonance imaging changes with pallidal manganese concentrations in rhesus monkeys following subchronic manganese inhalation, Toxicol. Sci. 2006;92:219-227.
Zhang, L. Bai, R. Li, B. Ge, C. Du, J. Liu, Y. L. L. Guyader, Zhao, Y. Wu, Y. He, S. Ma, Y. Chen, C. Rutile TiO2 particles exert size and surface coating dependent retention and lesions on the murine brain, Toxicol. Lett. 2011;207:73-81
Mancebo, S.E. Wang, S.Q. Recognizing the impact of ambient air pollution on skin health, J. Eur. Acad. Dermatol. Venereol. 2015;12:2326-2332
Bennat, C. Muller-Goymann, C. Skin penetration and stabilization of formulations containing microfine titanium dioxide as physical UV filter, Int. J. Cosmet. Sci. 2000; 22:271-283.
Magnani, N.D. Muresan, X.M. Belmonte, G. Cervellati, F. Sticozzi, C. Pecorelli, A. Miracco, Marchini, C. T. Evelson, P. Valacchi, G. Skin damage mechanisms related to airborne particulate matter exposure, Toxicol. Sci. 2016;149:227-236.
Gulson, B. McCall, M. Korsch, M. Gomez, L. Casey, P. Oytam Y,. Taylor, A. Kinsley, L. Greenoak, G. Small amounts of zinc from zinc oxide particles in sunscreens applied outdoors are absorbed through human skin, Toxicol. Sci. 2010;118:140-149.
Boyes, W.K. Chen, R. Chen, C. Yokel, R.A. The neurotoxic potential of engineered nanomaterials, Neurotoxicology 2012;33:902-910.
Versura, P. Profazio, V. Cellini, M. Torreggiani, A. Caramazza, R. Eye discomfort and air pollution, Ophthalmologica 1999;213:103-109.
Goix, S. Leveque, T. Xiong, T.T. Schreck, E. Baeza-Squiban,A. Geret, F. Uzu, G. Austruy, A. Dumat, C. Environmental and health impacts of fine and ultrafine metallic particles: assessment of threat scores, Environ. Res. 2014;133:185-194
Oberdorster, G. Pulmonary effects of inhaled ultrafine particles, Int. Arch. Occup. Environ. Health 2000;74:1-8.
Oberdorster, G. Oberdorster, E. J Oberdorster,. Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles, Environ. Health Perspect. 2005;113:823-839.
Schmid, O. Moller, W. Semmler-Behnke, M. Ferron, G.A. Karg, E. Lipka, J. Schulz, H. Kreyling, W.G. Stoeger, T. Dosimetry and toxicology of inhaled ultrafine particles, Biomarkers 2009;14(Suppl. 1):67-73.
Oberdorster, G. Oberdorster, E. Oberdorster, J. Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles, Environ. Health Perspect. 2005;113:823-839
Chen Rui et al. Beyond PM2.5: The role of ultrafine particles on adverse health effects of air pollution. Biochimica et Biophysica Acta (BBA) - General Subjects 2016;1860(1): 2844-2855.
Nalwa, H.S. Zhao, Y.L. Nanotoxicology, American Scientific Publishers, USA, 2007.
Rinaldo, M. Andujar, P. Lacourt, A. Martinon, L. Canal Raffin, M. Dumortier, P. Pairon, J.C. Brochard, P. Perspectives in biological monitoring of inhaled nanosized particles, Ann. Occup. Hyg. 2015;59:669-680.
Oberdorster, G. Oberdorster, E. Oberdorster, J. Nanotoxicology: an emerging discipline evolving from studies of ultrafine particles, Environ. Health Perspect. 2005;113:823-839.
Calderon-Garciduenas, L. Solt, A.C. Henriquez-Roldan, C. Torres-Jardon, R. Nuse, B. Herritt, L. Villarreal-Calderon, R. Osnaya, N. Stone, I. Garcia, R. Long-term air pollution exposure is associated with neuroinflammation, an altered innate immune response, disruption of the blood-brain barrier, ultrafine particulate deposition, and accumulation of amyloid ${\beta}-42\;and\;{\alpha}$ -synuclein in children and young adults, Toxicol. Pathol. 2008;36:289-310.
M. Semmler, J. Seitz, F. Erbe, P. Mayer, J. Heyder, G. Oberdorster, W.G. Kreyling, Longterm clearance kinetics of inhaled ultrafine insoluble iridium particles from the rat lung, including transient translocation into secondary organs, Inhal. Toxicol. 2004:16:453-459.
De Haar, C. Hassingm, I. Bol, M. Bleumink, R Pieters R. Ultrafine but not fine particulate matter causes airway inflammation and allergic airway sensitization to coadministered antigen in mice. Clincal & Experimental Allergy 2006;36(11):1469-1479, 1365-2222.
Song, S. Lee, K. Lee, Y.M. Lee, J.H. Lee, S.I. Yu, S.D. et al., Acute health effects of urban fine and ultrafine particles on children with atopic dermatitis, Environ. Res. 2011;111:394-399.
Farage, M.A. Miller, K.W. Elsner, P. Maibach, H.I. Characteristics of the Aging Skin, Adv. Wound Care (New Rochelle) 2013;2:5-10.
Longo, C. Casari, A. Beretti, F. A.Cesinaro, M. Pellacani, G. Skin aging: in vivo microscopic assessment of epidermal and dermal changes by means of confocal microscopy, J. Am. Acad. Dermatol. 2013;68:73-82.
Vierkotter, A. Schikowski, T. Ranft, Sugiri, U. Matsui, D.M. Kramer, U. et al., Airborne particle exposure and extrinsic skin aging, J. Investig. Dermatol. 2010;130:2719-2726.
Gatherwright, J. Liu, M.T. Amirlak, B. Gliniak, C. Totonchi, A. Guyuron, B. The contribution of endogenous and exogenous factors to male alopecia: a study of identical twins, Plast. Reconstr. Surg. 2013;131:794-801.
Eftim, S.E. Samet, J.M. Janes, H. McDermott, A. Dominici, F. Fine particulate matterand mortality: a comparison of the six cities and American Cancer Society cohorts with a medicare cohort, Epidemiology 2008;19:209-216.
Puntoni, R. Ceppi, M. Gennaro, V. Ugolini, D. Puntoni, M. La Manna, G. et al., Occupational exposure to carbon black and risk of cancer, Cancer Causes Control 2004;15:511-516.
Habre, R. Moshier, E. Castro, W. Nath, A. Grunin, A. Rohr, A. Godbold, J. Schachter, N. Kattan, M. Coull, B. & Koutrakis, P., The effects of PM2.5 and its components from indoor and outdoor sources on cough and wheeze symptoms in asthmatic children. J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 2014;24(4):380-387.
Wang, G. Jiang, R. Zhao, Z. Song, W., Effects of ozone and fine particulate matter (PM2.5) on rat cardiac autonomic nervous system and systemic inflammation. Wei Sheng Yan Jiu 2013;42(4):554-560
Habre, R. Moshier, E. Castro, W. Nath, A. Grunin, A. Rohr, A. Godbold, J. Schachter, N. Kattan, M. Coull, B. & Koutrakis, P., The effects of PM2.5 and its components from indoor and outdoor sources on cough and wheeze symptoms in asthmatic children. J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 2014;24(4): 380-387.
Thaller, E.I. Petronella, S.A. Hochman, D.S. Howard, G. Shawn. Chhikara, Raj.G. Brooks, E.G., Moderate increases in ambient PM2.5 and ozone are associated with lung function decreases in beach lifeguards. J. Occup. Environ. Med. 2008;50(2):202-211.
Habre, R. Moshier, E. Castro, W. Nath, A. Grunin, A. Rohr, A. Godbold, J. Schachter, N. Kattan, M. Coull, B. & Koutrakis, P., The effects of PM2.5 and its components from indoor and outdoor sources on cough and wheeze symptoms in asthmatic children. J. Expo. Sci. Environ. Epidemiol. 2014;24(4):380-387.
史?芳, ???身 中?防治有方, 中?中?, 2015;02:03.
夏??, ??的致病特征及其?中???病因的?系, ??中??志, 2016;43:12.
?敏, ???肺系疾病相?性的中?理???探微, ??探?, 2014;6(8):16-17.
??, ??天, ?吃的"?肺"食物其?都?了, 消?日?, 2016;11:03.
高秀?, 中?治???性肺??管?, 浙江中??大???, 2016;08:593.
焦?, ??致病的病因病机特征初探, Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2016;05:740.
李?, ???????家???, ?点??, 2016:57.
高秀?, 中?治???性肺??管?, 浙江中??大???, 2016;08:594.
?建秋, ???呼吸系?疾病的影?, 中?中?急症, 2015;06:24.
宋博, ?析?霆咳嗽的?病特点及?治思路, 黑?江中??, 2016;03:12.
全國韓醫科大學原典學敎室, 類編黃帝內經, 周珉, p157-159, 408-409.
Yang, H.. et al.. The relative antioxidant activity and steric structure of green tea catechins - A kinetic approach. Food Chemistry. 2018:399-405.
?元兵, ??中?辨治之管?, 中??通?, 2015;04:35.
沈舒文, ???肺的中?防治,中?中???, 2017;04:17.
程丑夫, ??的中????防治思路, 湖南中??大???, 2014;34(5):1-3.
王雅, ???肺艾灸迎香天突大??生?, 中?中?, 2014:11;27.
沈舒文, ???肺的中?防治, 中?中???, 2017; 04:17.
?女士, ????天除了戴口??有什?好?法, p15.
?建秋, ???呼吸系?疾病的影?, 中?中?急症, 2015;06:24.
?喜明, 中?治? "??咳", 上海中???, 2013;12:20.
段?皓, 抗?合?治???咳嗽60例?效?察, 中??志, 2016;57(21):1846-1849.
?元兵, ??中?辨治之管?, 中??通?, 2015;04:35.
??, ??天 ?吃的"?肺"食物其?都?了, 消?日?, 2016;11:03.
?强, 中?????支招, ?生保健, 2013;03:31-32.
?晴, 中???防治??病的??作用, Hunan Journal of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 2015;32(11):142.
胡??, 中?辨?中??化治?和?防?童??相 ?性咳嗽的?床?察, 社?中??, 2017;12:46.
王超群, ?析?霆咳嗽的?病特点及?治思路, 黑?江中?? 2016;03:11.
??天危害大不可?分依??肺食物, 食安天下, p42-43.
?宇, 通?上呼吸道感染中??型分布探索??致病特点, Modern Chinese Clinical Medicine, 2017;01:16.
吉?, ?肺食物能否????天?, 光明日?, 2014;01:05.
*원문 PDF 파일 및 링크정보가 존재하지 않을 경우 KISTI DDS 시스템에서 제공하는 원문복사서비스를 사용할 수 있습니다.
출판사/학술단체 등이 한시적으로 특별한 프로모션 또는 일정기간 경과 후 접근을 허용하여, 출판사/학술단체 등의 사이트에서 이용 가능한 논문
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.