Duru, Pinar
(Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eskisehir Osmangazi University)
,
Ocaktan, Mine Esin
(Departments of Public Health, Faculty of Medicine, Ankara University)
,
Celen, Umit
(Department of Educational Science, Faculty of Education, Amasya University)
,
Orsal, Ozlem
(Department of Public Health Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Eskisehir Osmangazi University)
Background: The aims of this study were to determine the extent of workplace bullying perceptions among the employees of a Faculty of Medicine, evaluating the variables considered to be associated, and determining the effect of workplace bullying perceptions on their psychological symptoms evaluated...
Background: The aims of this study were to determine the extent of workplace bullying perceptions among the employees of a Faculty of Medicine, evaluating the variables considered to be associated, and determining the effect of workplace bullying perceptions on their psychological symptoms evaluated by the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed involving 355 (88.75%) employees. Results: Levels of perceived workplace bullying were found to increase with the increasing scores for BSI and BSI sub-dimensions of anxiety, depression, negative self, somatization, and hostility (all p < 0.001). One point increase in the workplace bullying perception score was associated with a 0.47 point increase in psychological symptoms evaluated by BSI. Moreover, the workplace bullying perception scores were most strongly affected by the scores of anxiety, negative self, depression, hostility, and somatization (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: The present results revealed that young individuals, divorced individuals, faculty members, and individuals with a chronic disease had the greatest workplace bullying perceptions with our study population. Additionally, the BSI, anxiety, depression, negative self, somatization, and hostility scores of the individuals with high levels of workplace bullying perceptions were also high.
Background: The aims of this study were to determine the extent of workplace bullying perceptions among the employees of a Faculty of Medicine, evaluating the variables considered to be associated, and determining the effect of workplace bullying perceptions on their psychological symptoms evaluated by the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI). Methods: This cross-sectional study was performed involving 355 (88.75%) employees. Results: Levels of perceived workplace bullying were found to increase with the increasing scores for BSI and BSI sub-dimensions of anxiety, depression, negative self, somatization, and hostility (all p < 0.001). One point increase in the workplace bullying perception score was associated with a 0.47 point increase in psychological symptoms evaluated by BSI. Moreover, the workplace bullying perception scores were most strongly affected by the scores of anxiety, negative self, depression, hostility, and somatization (all p < 0.05). Conclusion: The present results revealed that young individuals, divorced individuals, faculty members, and individuals with a chronic disease had the greatest workplace bullying perceptions with our study population. Additionally, the BSI, anxiety, depression, negative self, somatization, and hostility scores of the individuals with high levels of workplace bullying perceptions were also high.
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문제 정의
Thus, this study was designed to examine workplace bullying in the risky area of health care. The aims of this study were to determine the extent of workplace bullying perceptions among the employees of a University Faculty of Medicine, evaluating the variables considered to be associated, and determining the effect of workplace bullying perceptions on their psychological symptoms evaluated by the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI).
This study was based on employees’ perceptions of workplace bullying.
Recently, workplace bullying has been discussed in terms of psychosocial risk factors in the workplace. Thus, this study was designed to examine workplace bullying in the risky area of health care. The aims of this study were to determine the extent of workplace bullying perceptions among the employees of a University Faculty of Medicine, evaluating the variables considered to be associated, and determining the effect of workplace bullying perceptions on their psychological symptoms evaluated by the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI).
제안 방법
The study was based on the variables of workplace bullying perceptions and psychological symptoms evaluated by the BSI. A theoretical model was designed in the study assuming that the perception of workplace bullying may affect psychological symptoms. This theoretical model was tested on causality level by the structural equation model (SEM).
The BSI sub-dimensions and workplace bullying perception included in the model proposed with this study were taken as the observed variables, while the BSI was accepted as the latent variable. The 13 personal and professional characteristics of employees were examined as the explanatory variables in the model (Fig.
224). The independent variables that were proven to be non-significant in the initial model and the variable of being research assistant were excluded one by one from analysis to achieve higher goodness-of-fit values and higher compatibility of the model to the data by examining the modification indexes. Subsequently, a revised new structural equation model was constituted.
A questionnaire form was prepared for the study purposed. The questionnaire included questions about sociodemographic characteristics (sex, age, education, marital status, having a child, profession) and some factors possibly related to the workplace bullying [administrative tasks (administrative tasks were interpreted in two manners: working in managerial positions and working in professional capacities), working time in the profession (seniority), working time in the current workplace, weekly working time, working department, general economic status according to their own evaluations, workplace changes, chronic diseases, and mental diseases], and questions of the Workplace Bullying Scale (WBS) and BSI.
This cross-sectional study was performed among the employees of the Faculty of Medicine at a university located in the Central Anatolia Region in 2012. The study was based on the variables of workplace bullying perceptions and psychological symptoms evaluated by the BSI. A theoretical model was designed in the study assuming that the perception of workplace bullying may affect psychological symptoms.
대상 데이터
Thus, these authors used “Workplace Bullying Scale” as the title. The scale consists of 22 five-point Likert type (scored from 1 to 5) items. The minimum score possible on this scale is 22, and the maximum score is 110.
The study group consisted of 238 (67%) men and 117 (33%) women. The mean age was 33.
The study universe consisted of 1,433 individuals who worked in the Faculty of Medicine. This research was intended to be performed on a sample size of 400 individuals.
The study universe consisted of 1,433 individuals who worked in the Faculty of Medicine. This research was intended to be performed on a sample size of 400 individuals. The current employees were layered according to their professions and departments (considering their titles and tasks).
데이터처리
Statistical analysis was performed using Mann Whitney U, Kruskale–Wallis, and Spearman correlation tests.
이론/모형
The WBS was used in this study for the assessment of workplace bullying perception levels of employees. The Negative Acts Questionnaire was developed by Einarsen and Raknes (1997) and adapted by Einarsen and Hoel (2001) [13,14]. A study of the validity and reliability of the Turkish version was performed by Aydın and Öcel (2009) [15].
The WBS was used in this study for the assessment of workplace bullying perception levels of employees. The Negative Acts Questionnaire was developed by Einarsen and Raknes (1997) and adapted by Einarsen and Hoel (2001) [13,14].
A theoretical model was designed in the study assuming that the perception of workplace bullying may affect psychological symptoms. This theoretical model was tested on causality level by the structural equation model (SEM).
성능/효과
According to the results, workplace bullying perception scores decreased with increases in the employees’ age (b = -0.314; p < 0.001).
001). Of the total variance in the workplace bullying perception scores, 31% (r2 = 0.31) was explained by hostility scores, 28% (r2 = 0.28) by BSI scores, 27%(r2 = 0.27) by negative self scores, 25% (r2 = 0.25) by anxiety scores, 20% (r2 = 0.20) by depression scores, and 14% by (r2 = 0.24) somatization scores.
The goodness-of-fit indexes of the revised structural equation model were within acceptable limits (Χ2/df = 3.184, p = 0.000, GFI = 0.942, AGFI = 0.909, NFI = 0.950, CFI = 0.965, RMSEA = 0.079).
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