암반사면을 안전하고 효과적으로 해석하기 위해서 암반의 역학적 특성을 면밀하게 조사해야 한다. 하지만 클리노미터를 사용한 절리조사의 한계점으로 인해 이를 보완한 새로운 측정법의 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 절리방향의 특성을 분석하기 위해 절리의 방향성을 현장에 적용할 수 있는 절리조사 측정장비를 개발하였다. 개발된 측정장비는 해석 소프트웨어와 하드웨어로 구분된다. 하드웨어는 암반 절리 방향성을 측정하는 측정모듈, 측정자료를 전송하는 전송모듈로 구성되었다. 소프트웨어는 측정모듈을 통해 얻은 데이터로부터 절리의 방향성을 분석하기 위해 개발하였으며 Drone Joint Orientation Survey Measurement로 명명하였다. 개발된 측정장비는 접근이 어려운 지역 등 조사자가 측정할 수 없는 경우에 현장적용성이 양호하며 절리의 방향성에 대한 실내시험결과를 효과적으로 분석할 수 있었다.
암반사면을 안전하고 효과적으로 해석하기 위해서 암반의 역학적 특성을 면밀하게 조사해야 한다. 하지만 클리노미터를 사용한 절리조사의 한계점으로 인해 이를 보완한 새로운 측정법의 연구가 필요하다. 본 연구에서는 절리방향의 특성을 분석하기 위해 절리의 방향성을 현장에 적용할 수 있는 절리조사 측정장비를 개발하였다. 개발된 측정장비는 해석 소프트웨어와 하드웨어로 구분된다. 하드웨어는 암반 절리 방향성을 측정하는 측정모듈, 측정자료를 전송하는 전송모듈로 구성되었다. 소프트웨어는 측정모듈을 통해 얻은 데이터로부터 절리의 방향성을 분석하기 위해 개발하였으며 Drone Joint Orientation Survey Measurement로 명명하였다. 개발된 측정장비는 접근이 어려운 지역 등 조사자가 측정할 수 없는 경우에 현장적용성이 양호하며 절리의 방향성에 대한 실내시험결과를 효과적으로 분석할 수 있었다.
In order to interpret rock slope safely and effectively, the mechanical properties of the rock must be carefully investigated. However, due to the limitations of clinometer usage, a new measure of measurement is required to complement these limitations. In this study, a measuring device was develope...
In order to interpret rock slope safely and effectively, the mechanical properties of the rock must be carefully investigated. However, due to the limitations of clinometer usage, a new measure of measurement is required to complement these limitations. In this study, a measuring device was developed to analyze the characteristics of joint orientation, and to apply the orientation of joint to the field. The developed measuring equipment is divided into analysis software and hardware. The hardware was composed of a measuring module that measures the joint orientation of rock and a transport module that transmits the measurement data. The software was developed to analyze the orientation of the joint from the data obtained from the measuring module and is named Drone Joint Orientation Survey Measurement. The developed measuring equipment was well field capable if it could not be measured by the inspector, such as in areas where access was difficult, and was capable of effectively analyzing the lab test results for the orientation of the joint.
In order to interpret rock slope safely and effectively, the mechanical properties of the rock must be carefully investigated. However, due to the limitations of clinometer usage, a new measure of measurement is required to complement these limitations. In this study, a measuring device was developed to analyze the characteristics of joint orientation, and to apply the orientation of joint to the field. The developed measuring equipment is divided into analysis software and hardware. The hardware was composed of a measuring module that measures the joint orientation of rock and a transport module that transmits the measurement data. The software was developed to analyze the orientation of the joint from the data obtained from the measuring module and is named Drone Joint Orientation Survey Measurement. The developed measuring equipment was well field capable if it could not be measured by the inspector, such as in areas where access was difficult, and was capable of effectively analyzing the lab test results for the orientation of the joint.
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제안 방법
For the purpose of making use of the joint survey system applied to this study, the dip angle was increased from 50° to 10° for each pair of surfaces, and measured from 10° to 90° for the dip direction.
0 FusionLib Software. In this study, measurements from a 9-axis motion sensor are used to determine the dip direction of the rock slope. Table 2 shows the technical specifications for the 9 Axes Motion Shield.
In this study, the data from lab tests were used to calculate the orientation of the joint and compared to the actual joint data obtained using the clinometer and mobile application.
In this study, the orientation of joint was measured automatically using the Drone Measure System, and the reliability of joint orientation using Drone Measure System was compared with the previous joint survey method. The results of the above study are as follows.
An ultrasonic module consists of a transmission unit, a reception module, and a regulating circuit. In this study, ultrasonic sensors were used to measure the linear distance between the target rock slope and the measuring device. Table 3 shows the technical specifications for the ultrasonic sensor.
The servo can rotate about 180 degrees and is operated by three wires. It is used in this study to adjust the angle of the Drone Measure system. Table 5 lists technical specifications for SG-90
XBee, a communications network module based on the NFC method, is grouped into one-to-one communication, star topology and mesh type topology. The XBee module used in this study applied the Zigbee communication protocol, while the topology applied one-to-one communication. Table 4 shows the technical specifications for the xbee module.
The shrink-level measurement device is divided into hardware and analytic software. The hardware was configured with drones, arduino uno, servo motor, joint orientation measuring module, and wireless transmission module of measurement data to measure the direction of joint structures. The software has been developed to analyze the orientation of joint by printing the data obtained from the measuring module on-screen, and it is called Drone Joint Survey.
The purpose of this study is to develop a device to measure the joint orientation, a mechanical feature of the rock, and to measure the joint orientation module, in order to safely and effectively interpret the rock slope through compare with the existing clinometer.
To solve these problems, this study attempted to develop a device for measuring the field joint orientation for the analysis of joint slope. The shrink-level measurement device is divided into hardware and analytic software.
대상 데이터
40 joints and 20 joints were selected to directly compare the joint orientation and to analyze reliability in the lab test and in the field test. As a result of the measurement error in the dip angle and the measured error in the dip direction of the slope of the clinometer are ± 5° and ± 10° respectively (Ewan and West, 1981), the machine error in the clinometer may be produced in ± 1° to 2°.
In this study, data acquisition and analysis was performed using sketch developed by SmartProjects company. The system consists of Arduino Uno, Sensor modules, Xbee modules, and Blynk. Fig.
The ultrasonic sensor module is HC-SR04, which measures 4 meters and has a measuring accuracy of 2 mm. An ultrasonic module consists of a transmission unit, a reception module, and a regulating circuit.
이론/모형
In this study, data acquisition and analysis was performed using sketch developed by SmartProjects company. The system consists of Arduino Uno, Sensor modules, Xbee modules, and Blynk.
성능/효과
3. The joint measurement method using Drone Measure System secured the safety of the investigator and improved the efficiency of the survey by resolving the constraints of the previous joint survey method, namely, restriction of accessibility.
4. The results of the stereographic projection method show that the Drone Measure system shows conservative results compared to the previous methods in the lab test.
참고문헌 (8)
Ewan, V. J and West, G, 1981, Reproducibility of joint orientation measurements in rock, Transport and Road Research Laboratory supplementary report 702, 18P, International Journal of Rock Mechanics and Mining Science & Geomechanics Abstracts, Vol. 19, Issue 4, August 1982, Page 94.
Hagan, T. O., 1980, A case for Terrestrial photogrammetry in deep-mine rock structure studies, Int. J. Rock Mech. Min. Sci. 17, pp. 191-198.
Lee, S. H., 2016, Development of mobile software for field survey of geological structures, Seoul National University, pp. 29-34.
Moffitt, F. H. and E. M. Mikhail, 1980, 3rd Eds, Photogrammetry, Happer & Row Publisher, 648p.
Park, S. H., Lee, S. G., Lee, B. K. and Kim, C. H, 2015, A Study on Reliability of Joint Orientation Measurements in Rock Slop using 3D Laser Scanner, Tunnel and Underground Space, Vol. 25, No. 1, pp. 97-106.
Simon M., 2011, Programming Arduino Getting Started with Sketches, McGraw-Hill.
Son, Y. G., Kim, J. D., Jong, W. S., Kim, J. H. and Kim, K. S., 2014, Development of Joint Survey System using Photogrammetric, Tunnel and Underground Space, Vol. 24, No. 1, pp. 55-66.
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