[논문]Synthesis and Biocompatibility of PVA/NaCMC Hydrogels Crosslinked by Cyclic Freezing/thawing and Subsequent Gamma-ray Irradiation

Shin, Ji-Yeon; Jeong, Heeseok; Lee, Deuk Yong

doi:10.9718/jber.2018.39.4.161

[국내논문] Synthesis and Biocompatibility of PVA/NaCMC Hydrogels Crosslinked by Cyclic Freezing/thawing and Subsequent Gamma-ray Irradiation 원문보기

Journal of biomedical engineering research : the official journal of the Korean Society of Medical & Biological Engineering, v.39 no.4, 2018년, pp.161 - 167

Shin, Ji-Yeon (Department of Biomedical Engineering, Daelim University) , Jeong, Heeseok (Convergence of Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Biomaterials, Seoul National University of Science and Technology) , Lee, Deuk Yong (Department of Biomedical Engineering, Daelim University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Polyvinyl alcohol/sodium carboxymethyl cellulose (PVA/NaCMC) hydrogels were prepared by physical crosslinking (cyclic freezing/thawing) and gamma (${\gamma}$)-ray irradiation to evaluate the effect of NaCMC concentration (2~8 wt%) on the mechanical properties and the biocompatibility of the PVA/NaCMC hydrogels. The swelling rate of PVA/NaCMC hydrogels regardless of irradiation rose with increasing NaCMC content from 2 wt% to 8 wt%, while the gelation rate was the reverse. As the NaCMC content increased from 2 wt% to 6 wt%, the compressive strength of the hydrogels increased dramatically from $8.5{\pm}2.0kPa$ to $52.7{\pm}2.5kPa$ before irradiation and from $13.5{\pm}2.9kPa$ to $65.5{\pm}8.7kPa$ after irradiation. When 8 wt% NaCMC was added afterwards, the compressive strength decreased however. The irradiated PVA/NaCMC hydrogels containing 6 wt% NaCMC exhibited the tailored properties of the swelling rate of $118{\pm}3.7%$, the gelation rate of $71.4{\pm}1.3%$, the strength of $65.5{\pm}8.7kPa$, respectively, and no cytotoxicity was observed.

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문제 정의

6) suggested that L-929 cells adhered well to the PVA/NaCMC hydrogels and proliferated continuously with increasing time regardless of NaCMC concentration. Therefore, it is conceivable that the crosslinked PVA/NaCMC hydrogels are considered to be clinically safe and effective due to the absence of cytotoxicity and excellent cell proliferation under the condition of this study.

가설 설정

The FTIR spectra of PVA powder, NaCMC powder, and PVA/6 wt% NaCMC hydrogels before and after irradiation are shown in Fig. 2. PVA is a semi-crystalline polymer whose hydroxyl groups (-OH) produce inter and intra-molecular hydrogen bonding. C=O, C-O, C-H, and O-H were partially observed for NaCMC due to the presence of the numerous hydroxyl and carboxylic groups (-COOH) in NaCMC[19].

제안 방법

All monolayers were incubated for 48 h at 37℃ in the presence of 5% CO₂. After incubation, the morphological change of the cell was examined to assess the biological reaction by using the inverted microscope (TS100-F, Nikon, Japan) and the iMark microplate absorbance spectrophotometer (Bio-Rad, USA) [16,17]. Watersoluble tetrazolium salts (WSTs) are a series of other water-soluble dyes for MTT assays, which can provide different absorption spectra of the formed formazans.
PVA/NaCMC hydrogels were crosslinked by cyclic freezing/thawing and subsequent γ-ray irradiation to evaluate the influence of NaCMC concentration on the physical properties and the cytotoxicity of the PVA/NaCMC hydrogels.

대상 데이터

PVA ([CH₂CH(OH)]_n, Mw 85,000~124,000), NaCMC ([C₆H₇O₂(OH)dOCH₂COONa]_n, Mw 90,000), and MD (metanidazole, C₆H₉N₃O₃) were purchased from Sigma-Aldrich, USA. All chemicals were used as received without any further purification.
The test extracts were maintained in an incubator for 24 h. The test extracts were placed onto three separate confluent monolayers of L-929 (NCTC Clone 929, ATCC, USA) mouse fibroblast cells propagated in 5% CO₂. For this test, confluent monolayer cells were trypsinized and seeded in 10 cm² wells (35 mm dishes) with a micropipette.

성능/효과

The swelling rate of PVA/NaCMC hydrogels was determined by measuring the weight change with time after soaking for 24 h in distilled water at room temperature, as shown in Fig. 1. The swelling rate of the PVA/NaCMC hydrogels before and after irradiation rose from 114% to 162% and 103 wt% to 121 wt% with increasing the NaCMC concentration from 2 wt% to 8 wt%, respectively. Although the swelling rate of the PVA/NaCMC hydrogels before irradiation was always higher than that of irradiated hydrogels, the addition of NaCMC to PVA exhibited similar behavior regardless of γ-ray irradiation.
After removing the residual polymers of the PVA/ NaCMC hydrogels by washing in distilled water for 48 h at room temperature, the hydrogels were dried for 48 h at 60℃ to determine the gelation rate [1,5]. Experimental results (Fig. 3) revealed that the gelation rates of irradiated specimens were always higher than those of the PVA/NaCMC hydrogels before irradiation. The gelation rate of the PVA/ NaCMC hydrogels before and after γ-ray irradiation decreased gradually from 79.
Then, the volume capable of containing water was decreased, resulting in the reduction in swelling rate. It was found that the gelation rate was inversely proportional to the swelling rate and higher content of NaCMC was detrimental to the gelation rate of PVA/NaCMC hydrogel.

참고문헌 (19)

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