목적: 이 연구는 2007년 충남 태안군에서 발생한 허베이 스피리트호의 유류 유출사고에 대한 신체적, 심리적, 정신 건강영향에 대한 trauma signature (TSIG) 분석을 시도한 사례 연구이다. 대상 및 방법: TSIG 분석은 유류유출 사고와 관련된 위해 노출의 신체적, 심리적 결과를 검정하는 방법론으로 태안지역 인구에 대하여 노출된 위해 프로필(hazard profile), 노출 스트레스 마트릭스(matrix of exposure stressors), "trauma signature" 요약 등을 분석한 것으로 위해요인, 손실, 변화 요인 등에 대하여 인위적 재난에 대한 분석을 저자들이 구조화된 틀을 활용하여 분석을 시도한 사례이다. 결과: 허베이 스프리트호 유류 유출사고의 특징(signature)은 다원, 다면적이고 한국에서 역사적으로 가장 큰 해양오염 사고로 태안 지역사회 및 인접한 지역에 영향을 준 것으로 요약된다. TSIG 분석결과는 주요한 근거에 따른 신체적, 심리적, 정신적 요인에 대한 영향을 나타내었는데 이는 노출의 정도(exposure severity)에 따른 위해도, 손실, 변화의 범주에 따른 결과였다. 노출의 정도는 낮음(low)에서부터 극심(extreme)까지 그 범위가 다양하였으나 위험요인의 순위는 대부분 낮음에서 중등도(moderate)의 중증도를 보였다. 결론: 허베이 스프리트호 유류 유출사고에 대한 TSIG 분석 사례연구는 재난 상황 등에서의 TSIG 분석방법론의 적용가능성을 경험하였다.
목적: 이 연구는 2007년 충남 태안군에서 발생한 허베이 스피리트호의 유류 유출사고에 대한 신체적, 심리적, 정신 건강영향에 대한 trauma signature (TSIG) 분석을 시도한 사례 연구이다. 대상 및 방법: TSIG 분석은 유류유출 사고와 관련된 위해 노출의 신체적, 심리적 결과를 검정하는 방법론으로 태안지역 인구에 대하여 노출된 위해 프로필(hazard profile), 노출 스트레스 마트릭스(matrix of exposure stressors), "trauma signature" 요약 등을 분석한 것으로 위해요인, 손실, 변화 요인 등에 대하여 인위적 재난에 대한 분석을 저자들이 구조화된 틀을 활용하여 분석을 시도한 사례이다. 결과: 허베이 스프리트호 유류 유출사고의 특징(signature)은 다원, 다면적이고 한국에서 역사적으로 가장 큰 해양오염 사고로 태안 지역사회 및 인접한 지역에 영향을 준 것으로 요약된다. TSIG 분석결과는 주요한 근거에 따른 신체적, 심리적, 정신적 요인에 대한 영향을 나타내었는데 이는 노출의 정도(exposure severity)에 따른 위해도, 손실, 변화의 범주에 따른 결과였다. 노출의 정도는 낮음(low)에서부터 극심(extreme)까지 그 범위가 다양하였으나 위험요인의 순위는 대부분 낮음에서 중등도(moderate)의 중증도를 보였다. 결론: 허베이 스프리트호 유류 유출사고에 대한 TSIG 분석 사례연구는 재난 상황 등에서의 TSIG 분석방법론의 적용가능성을 경험하였다.
This TSIG analysis regarding national actions for marine oil spills could be indicated and suggested improvements in the response system could be made based on the present study....
This TSIG analysis regarding national actions for marine oil spills could be indicated and suggested improvements in the response system could be made based on the present study.
This TSIG analysis regarding national actions for marine oil spills could be indicated and suggested improvements in the response system could be made based on the present study.
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문제 정의
Type of disaster was based on classification schemes used by the Centre for Research on the Epidemiology of Disasters (CRED)90 and the World Association for Disaster and Emergency Medicine. Also, the review of the literature on psychological risk factors for oil spills. The disaster mental health literature on human population exposure to oil spills was searched to identify evidence-based risk factors.
The final goal of TSIG analysis is to develop a system that operates in real-time to rapidly inform health service support based on conversion of early and available disaster intelligence into actionable guidance. This study is one of the case studies developed to provide perspective on important disaster events globally and to create the platform for advancing the science of TSIG analysis.
This TSIG analysis regarding national actions for marine oil spills could be indicated and suggested improvements in the response system could be made based on the present study.
The final goal of TSIG analysis is to develop a system that operates in real-time to rapidly inform health service support based on conversion of early and available disaster intelligence into actionable guidance. This study is one of the case studies developed to provide perspective on important disaster events globally and to create the platform for advancing the science of TSIG analysis.
제안 방법
A composite TSIG summary table was constructed, displaying the most significant evidence-based psychological risk factors, grouped under the headings of hazard, loss, and change. The table presents exposure severity ratings for these risk factors.
Most studies were cross-sectional research about the acute health effect of oil spill through comparing between a newly organized control group and locals, workers or volunteers who participated in the cleanup work after the accident. Also, most contents of study were about physical stimulation symptoms such as headaches, eye irritation, skin irritation, respiratory irritation and mental health issues such as depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD). In addition to cross-sectional research about physical stimulation symptoms and mental health, Spain Prestige Oil spill research established in 2002 reported health effects of changes in cleanup workers after the accident [14], Respiratory symptoms persist after 5 years, health effects of changes functional, biological respiratory symptoms in cleanup workers after accident[15], Endocrine and immune research indicators in cleanup workers after 7 years [16].
An analysis of the key features of the Hebei Spirit oil spill was conducted, defining its “Trauma Signature” based on a synthesis of early disaster situation reports to identify the unique assortment of risk factors for post-disaster health results.
A study on the effect of oil spills on the body was limited. The study about the effect of oil spill was carried out mainly on the impact on the ecosystem and the research on the health effects that may occur to the person involved is minute. The study on about seven spills over 6 tons were only 26 by 2008.
The Trauma signature summary was the final step in TSIG analysis. This involves the construction of a summary table of salient physical and psychological risk factors, grouped into categories of exposure to hazard(Direct petroleum product/dispersant exposure, Minimal exposure to spill products, Strong fear reactions perceived life threat, Severe, life-changing physical injury, Minor ailment requiring medical attention, Witnessing death or severe harm to humans, Witnessing grotesque scenes: dead wildlife, exposure to a post-impact severe environment, multiple high-intensity impacts, human-generated contribution), loss mortality, bereavement, loss of primary dwelling, severe financial losses, national financial losses) and change(evacuation/displacement/relocation to shelters) with an estimate of the exposure severity for each risk factor.
대상 데이터
3 km of coast and 2,000 ha of beach in the western coast of Korea including the Taean Coast National Park and many swimming beaches. Spilled oil contaminated 70.1km of coast line of Taeangun county, the most severe contaminated interval was 35km from Bangal 2Ri to Pado 1Ri(Figure 1). The devastating result was the contamination of 167 km of coastline from the gulf of Garorim to the coast of Anmyeon-eup in Taean [5].
The collision punctured three of the five oil containers on the Hebei Spirit and resulted in the leakage of crude oil. Three different types of crude oil were involved: Iranian heavy oil, Upper Zakum oil, and Kuwait Export oil [1]. The oil contained various volatile organic compounds (VOCs) such as, benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylene, polyaromatic hydrocarbon, and heavy metals which can induce various kinds of health effects[2].
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