[논문]성범죄자들의 성격장애와 성도착증 중복이환 보고 연구

권지민; 김은주

doi:10.15207/jkcs.2019.10.2.235

성범죄자들의 성격장애와 성도착증 중복이환 보고 연구
Comorbidity of Paraphilia and Personality Disorders in Sex Offenders 원문보기

한국융합학회논문지 = Journal of the Korea Convergence Society, v.10 no.2, 2019년, pp.235 - 245

초록
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많은 치료법에도 불구하고, 유죄 선고를 받은 성범죄자들은 또 다른 성범죄를 저지르는 경향이 있다. 특히 성범죄자들이 성도착증과 성격장애를 동시에 앓고 있는 상태는 그들이 살고 있는 지역 사회의 안전에도 위험을 끼치기 때문에, 이에 대한 효과적 치료법이 매우 중요하다. 본 연구의 목적은 성범죄자 인구들이 앓고 있는 성도착증과 성격장애의 중복이환을 검토하기 위함이다. 실증 연구들의 사례 리뷰에 의하면 성도착증을 가진 범죄자들은 상당히 높은 확률로 성격 장애를 앓고 있음이 밝혀졌다. 본 연구는 국내에서는 처음으로 성범죄자의 성도착증 연관성에 대하여 국내외 선행자료를 종합하였다는데 큰 의의가 있으며 성범죄, 중복이환 등은 보건부문에서 단독으로 추진하기에는 한계가 있기에 향후 다부문, 다학제적 접근이 가능한 연구여건의 형성이 요구된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Despite various treatments, there is a tendency of convicted sex offenders to recidivate by committing additional sex crimes. Especially when the offenders are diagnosed comorbidly with paraphilia and personality disorders, effective treatment is critical because this difficult condition can be harmful to their psychological well-being and the security of the communities in which these men live. The aim of this review is to examine the comorbidity of personality disorders and paraphilia in the male sex offender population. This study is highly meaningful as not only it is the first domestic research on the link between paraphilia and sex crimes, integrating the preceding data from both domestic and international research, but also as it synthesizes the studies of criminal psychology, social welfare and clinical psychology.

주제어

표/그림 (1)

그림 Fig. 1. Flow chart of study selection

AI 본문요약
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문제 정의

For it, an official data related to the number of sexual crime and recidivism rate of the same kind of sexual crime was collected and it was analyzed by the intervention time-series. The analysis showed that electronic monitoring system has an some effect on sexual crime prevention according to a result of intervention time-series analysis. Through the analysis result, this study is suggest that there are the need to extend the scope of the application of electronic monitoring system in order to alert the potential sex offenders to attention of the punishment[24].
This is a methodological study to identify and anlyaze the characteristics of the studies related to comorbidity with paraphilia and personality disorder among sex offenders. As a method of the study, we attempted a systematic review of domestic and international empirical studies on paraphilia among sex offenders.
On the contrary, there is a lack of domestic research examining paraphilia as a sexual uniqueness and a factor that triggers recidivism among sex offenders. This study aims to review recent findings about paraphilia among sex offenders.

제안 방법

The study “The analysis of the effectiveness of Sexual Crime prevention policy by intervention time-series: Focusing on general deterrence effect of Sexual Crime of Electronic Monitoring System” analysed general deterrence effect of Sexual crime of electronic monitoring system. For it, an official data related to the number of sexual crime and recidivism rate of the same kind of sexual crime was collected and it was analyzed by the intervention time-series. The analysis showed that electronic monitoring system has an some effect on sexual crime prevention according to a result of intervention time-series analysis.
Through this process, a total of 25 literatures were finally selected for analysis. For these 25 literatures, all researchers for this study went through a process to jointly review them, after each researcher has independently conducted his/her own initial review of the literatures.
For this, reviewed precedent studies related to prevention programs for child sexual abuse, and proposed to create developmental prevention programs for child sexual abuse. Process of the study was to find some papers related to prevention programs for child sexual abuse in Korea, and then analysed the papers through used programs, age, forms and term, goals, measurement, methods for analysis and results. Concretely, this study suggested some alternatives for creating developmental prevention programs for the crime of child sexual abuse[22].
This specific topic of interest should concern those psychologists and psychiatrists seeking to evaluate and effectively treat those suffering from both paraphilia and personality disorders. Taking into consideration that the subgroup of sex offenders diagnosed comorbidly with paraphilia and personality disorders has unique characteristics and is not often studied thoroughly, this review aims to describe this type of sex offender and examine the effectiveness of current treatments.
Using the entire 3,468 Eup·Myeon·Dong data, this study constructed a Negative Binomial Regression model for sex crime in recent four years (2010-2013) based on the ecological perspective.

대상 데이터

After identification of the literatures to be reviewed, which is the very first phase of PRISMA, 60 literatures were found through database searching. Among the literatures that were reviewed in the precedent research, 6 additional liteatures that were considered to be appropriate for the current research topic, identifying a total of 66 research studies.
In selecting target literatures, which is the third and the final phase, all of the researchers read the full text of 25 literatures that were reviewed in the second phase and confirmed their eligibility for this study.
In the second phase, which is a screening process of literatures, 3 duplicate literatures were excluded from 320 literatures that were found. For the remaining 38 literaturees, researchers of the current study alternately reviewed their titles and abstracts to exclude literatures that were considered inappropriate or insufficient to examine the subject and topic of this study.

이론/모형

This study used the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) method, which is an international research reporting guide for the systematic literature analysis research[8]. PRISMA suggests a use of checklists and research flow, thereby pursuing a systematic reporting of the studies with various types of research design.

성능/효과

The results of the major effects of individual scales showed significant group differences in each scales apart from the fetishistic disorder and frotteuristic disorder. A correlation analysis was also conducted between the number of sexual crime records and sexual deviant scores, which indicated a significant positive correlation between transvestic disorder, pedophilic disorder, voyeuristic disorder and exhibitionistic disorder. With the regression model, sexual crime records was set as a dependent measure whereby, pedophilic disorder had significant influence among the sexual deviant scales.
Significant differences were found in MMPI-2 scales such as F, FB, FP, K, S, F-K, Pa, and Sc. Re-offense group scored significantly high on scales of D, Pa, Pt, and Sc; they also scored significantly higher on SCL-90-R scales such as SOM, OC, IS, DEP, ANX, HOS, PSY, GSI, PSDI. Groups who were classified on the basis of diagnosis showed significant differences in gender of the victims, age of the victims, and alcohol intake at the time of offense.

참고문헌 (25)

Auburn, T. (2010). Doing cognitive distortions: A discursive psychology analysis of sex offender treatment talk. British Journal of Social Psychology, 42(2), 281-298.
Burdon, W. M., & Gallagher, C. A. (2002). Coercion and sex offenders: Controlling sex-Offending behavior through incapacitation and treatment. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 29(1), 87-108.

상세보기
Craissati, J., Webb, L., & Keen, S. (2008). The relationship between developmental variables, personality disorder, and risk in sex offenders. Sexual Abuse: Journal of Research and Treatment, 20(2), 119-138.

상세보기
Harris, A. J., Fisher W., Veysey, B. M., Ragusa, L. M., & Lurigio, A. J. (2010). Sex offending and serious mental illness: Directions for policy and research. Criminal Justice and Behavior, 37(5), 596-605.

상세보기
Larochelle, S., Diguer, L., Laverdiere, O., & Greenman, P. S. (2011). Predictors of psychological treatment noncompletion among sexual offenders. Clinical Psychology Review, 31(4), 554-562.

상세보기
Reardon, J. D. (1995). Sexual predators: Mental Illness or abnormality? A psychiatrist’s perspective. University of Puget Sound Law Review, 15, 849-853.
Stanislaus, A., & Reid, W. H. (2015). Sex offender commitment in illinois. Journal of Psychiatric Practice, 11(4), 262-267.
Moher, D., A., Tetzlaff, J., Altman, D. G., & PRISMA Group. (2010). Preferred reporting items for systematic reviews and mata-analyses:The PRISMA statement. International Journal of Surgery, 8(5), 336-341.

상세보기
Leue, A., Borchard, B., & Hoyer J. (2004). Mental disorders in a forensic sample of sexual offenders. European Psychiatry, 19(3), 123-130.

상세보기
Levenson, J.S. (2004). Sexual predator civil commitment: A comparison of selected and released offenders. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 48(6), 638-648.

상세보기
Bogaerts, S., Daalder, A., Vanheule, S., Desmet, M., & Leeuw, F. (2008). Personality disorders in a sample of paraphilic and nonparaphilic child molesters: A comparative study. International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology, 52(1), 21-30.

상세보기
American Psychiatric Association. (1994). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders. (4thEdition). Washington,DC:Author.
McElroy, S. L., Soutullo, C. A., Taylor, P., Nelson, E. B., Beckman, D. A., Brusman, L. A.,. Keck, P. E. (1999). Psychiatric features of 36 men convicted of sexual offenses. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 60(6), 414-420.

상세보기
Dunsieth, N. W., Nelson, E. B., Brusman-Lovins, L. A., Holcomb, J. L., Beckman, D., Welge, J. A. McElroy, S. L. (2004). Psychiatric and legal features of 113 men convicted of sexual offenses. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 65(3), 293-300.

상세보기
DeClue, G. (2006). Paraphilia NOS (nonconsenting) and antisocial personality disorder. Journal of Psychiatry & Law, 34(4), 495-495-514,433.

상세보기
Saleh, F. M., Malin, H. M., Grudzinskas, A. J., & Vitacco, M. J. (2010). Paraphilias with co-morbid psychopathy: The clinical and legal significance to sex offender assessments. Behavioral Sciences & the Law, 28(2), 211-223.

상세보기
Personality disorders. (2010). In Encyclopedia of Mental Disorders. Retrieved from http://www.minddisorders.com/Ob-Ps/Personality-disorders.html
Raymond, N. C., Coleman, E., Ohlerking, F., Christenson, G. A., & Miner, M. (2009). Psychiatric comorbidity in pedophilic sex offenders. The American Journal of Psychiatry, 156(5), 786-788.
Stinson, J. D., & Becker J. V. (2011). Sexual offenders with serious mental illness: Prevention, risk, and clinical concerns. International Journal of Law and Psychiatry, 34, 239-245.

상세보기
Janssen, D.F. (2014). How to Ascertain Paraphilia?, Archives of Sexual Behavior. 43(7), 1245-1246.

상세보기
S. J. Lee & H. J. Wee. (2015). Paraphilas as Recidivism Predictors of Korean Sex Offenders. Korean Police Studies Review, Korean Police Studies Association, 14(4), 403-428.
S. G. Kim & H. J. Kang. (2012). Evaluations and Suggestions of the Programs for Sexual Crime Prevention:Based on Prevention Programs for Child Sexual Abuse. Corrections Review, Korean Society for Corrections Service, 24(1), 237-259.
S. H. Cho & J.S. Jung. (2008). Study on Psychological Characteristics of Sex Offenders Based upon Their Recidivism and Diagnosis upon Pre-trial Evaluation. Korean Journal of Social and Personality, The Korean Social and Personality Psychology Association, 22(4). 15-26.
I.H.Cho & G.H. Kwon. (2011). The analysis of the effectiveness of Sexual Crime prevention policy by intervention time-series: Focusing on general deterrence effect of Sexual Crime of Electronic Monitoring System. The Korean Journal of Public Administration, The Korea Institute of Public Administration, 20(1).225-253.
J.S.Cheong & J.H.Park. (2015). Macro-Level Factors of Sex Crime Depending on Its Type and Community Size: Negative Binomial Regression Analysis Using Nation-Wide Eup.Myeon.Dong Data. Journal of Korean Official Statistics, Statistics Korea, 20(2). 70-92.

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