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NTIS 바로가기한국추진공학회지 = Journal of the Korean Society of Propulsion Engineers, v.23 no.6, 2019년, pp.95 - 108
김호락 (Satellite Mechanical and Control Team, Korea Aerospace Research Institute) , 김수겸 (Satellite Mechanical and Control Team, Korea Aerospace Research Institute) , 원수희 (Satellite Mechanical and Control Team, Korea Aerospace Research Institute)
Electric propulsion is a type of space propulsion with a high specific impulse by accelerating propellant using electrical energy and brings about reduction of the fuel mass and launch costs of satellites so that it is being extensively studied in the world. Electric thrusters are widely used for va...
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핵심어 | 질문 | 논문에서 추출한 답변 |
---|---|---|
전기추력기(Electric Thruster)란? | 전기추력기(Electric Thruster)는 전기에너지를 이용하여 연료를 가속시키는 추진시스템으로, 화학식추력기(Chemical Thruster)와 비교하여 Fig.1에서와 같이 상대적으로 높은 비추력에 따른 낮은 연료소모량으로 인해 편대비행, 위성군, 심우주탐사 등 다양한 위성과 우주탐사선의 주요 엔진으로 활용되고 있다[1-5]. | |
미국의 전기추력기의 연구개발과 활용에 방향성은? | 다수의 임무가 심우주 탐사와 유인우주탐사를 목적으로 진행 중으로, 향후 고추력 전기추력기의 연구개발과 활용에 방향성을 두고 연구개발을 진행하고 있다[15]. 미국에서는 심우주탐사, 유인우주탐사, 우주화물선 등의 우주임무에 따라 진행 중인 연구개발방향과 기존의 위성시장에서의 상업화방향의 두 가지 방향으로 전기추력기가 연구되고 있다. 우주임무에 따른 연구개발의 경우 NASA의 Glenn Research Center (GRC)와 Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL)를 중심으로, 산학연 협력체계를 구축하여 전기추진 시스템의 개발과 기초연구를 수행하고 있다. | |
이온추력기의 작동원리는? | 추력기의 방전특성에 따라 발생하는 비추력 값이 다르며, 소모전력, 전력효율, 사용하는 연료도 다르게 나타난다. 가장 대표적인 정전방식 추력기의 구동특성을 살펴보면, 이온추력기는 플라즈마 발생부와 가속구간으로 나누어져 있으며, 플라즈마 발생부는 RF, Microwave, DC 방 전 등을 통해 플라즈마를 발생시켜 그리드에 고전압을 인가하여 이온을 가속시키는 방식으로 작동한다. 따라서, 높은 비추력을 갖지만 그리드로 인해 전류밀도의 한계로 추력밀도가 제한되어 추력기의 크기가 홀추력기에 비해 상대적으로 크다[1,2]. |
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