[논문]계자 코일 구조에 따른 초전도 풍력 발전기의 모듈화 된 HTS계자 코일의 특성 분석

투덴수런 오운자르갈; 고병수; 성해진; 박민원; 유인근

doi:10.9723/jksiis.2019.24.2.015

초록
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풍력발전 시스템용 고온 초전도 (HTS) 발전기는 높은 효율과 기존 발전기에 비해 작은 크기로 제작이 가능한 이점을 가지고 있다. 그러나 고온 초전도 발전기는 높은 전류 밀도와 자기장으로 인해 HTS 계자 코일에 작용하는 로렌츠 힘에 따른 문제가 발생할 수 있다. 본 논문에서는 계자 코일 구조에 따른 750 kW 급 초전도 풍력 발전기에 대한 모듈화 된 HTS 계자 코일의 특성 분석을 다룬다. 모듈화 된 HTS 필드 코일의 구조는 3D 유한 요소법을 사용하여 얻은 전자기 및 기계 분석 결과를 기반으로 설계하였고 모듈 코일의 전자기력도 분석하였다. 그 결과, HTS 코일의 수직 자기장과 최대 자기장은 각각 2.5 T와 3.9 T로 나타났다. 지지대의 최대 응력은 유리 섬유 강화 플라스틱 재료의 허용 응력보다 작았으며, 변위는 허용 범위 이내로 발생하였다. HTS 모듈 코일 구조의 설계 사양 및 결과는 대용량 초전도 풍력 발전기 개발에 효과적으로 활용될 수 있다.

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High temperature superconducting (HTS) generators for wind power systems are attractively researched with the advantages of high efficiency and smaller size compared with conventional generator. However, the HTS generators have high Lorentz force problem, which acts on HTS field coils due to their h...

High temperature superconducting (HTS) generators for wind power systems are attractively researched with the advantages of high efficiency and smaller size compared with conventional generator. However, the HTS generators have high Lorentz force problem, which acts on HTS field coils due to their high current density and magnetic field. This paper deals with characteristic analysis of the modularized HTS field coil for a 750 kW superconducting wind power generator according to field coil structure. The modularized HTS field coil structure was designed based on the electromagnetic and mechanical analysis results obtained using a 3D finite element method. The electromagnetic force of the module coil was also analyzed. As a result, the perpendicular and maximum magnetic fields of the HTS coils were 2.5 T and 3.9 T, respectively. The maximum stress of the supports was less than the allowable stress of the glass-fiber reinforced plastic material, and displacement was within the acceptable range. The design specifications and the results of the HTS module coil structure can be effectively utilized to develop large-scale superconducting wind power generators.

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표/그림 (11)

그림 Fig. 1 Design process of the HTS module coil for superconducting generator
표 Table 1 Specifications of the 750 kW HTS generator
그림 Fig. 2 Structural design of the HTS module coil
그림 Fig. 3 I_c - B curves of HTS wire
표 Table 2 Characteristics of the superconducting 2G HTS wire
표 Table 3.Table 3 Detail specifications of the HTS module coil for the 750 kW HTS generator
그림 Fig. 4 (a) Magnetic field distribution and (b) perpendicular magnetic field of the 750 kW HTS generator
그림 Fig. 5 (a) Output voltage and (b) rated torque of the 750 kW HTS generator
그림 Fig. 6 (a) Directions and (b) amplitude of the tangential and radial forces of the HTS field coil for the 750 kW HTS generator
그림 Fig. 7 (a) Tangential and radial forces of the HTS module coil, (b) Maximum tangential and radial forces of the HTS module coil
그림 Fig. 8 (a) Maximum stress and (b) displacement of the HTS module coil

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문제 정의

This paper deals with the characteristic analysis of a modularized HTS field coil for a 750 kW superconducting wind turbine according to field coil structure. The detailed structure of the module coil, such as current leads and supports, was designed to withstand high torques.
This paper discussed the characteristics analysis of the modularized HTS field coil for a 750 kW superconducting wind power generator. The modularized HTS field coil was designed based on the electromagnetic and mechanical analysis results obtained using a 3D finite element method.

제안 방법

Based on the force analysis results, the HTS module coil structure was analysed using a 3D FEM program, including the von Mises stress and displacement by the generated force at the HTS module coil. The simulation results show that the von Mises stress and displacement of the HTS module coil were 39.
Based on the force analysis results, the HTS module coil structure was designed and analyzed using a 3D FEM program that includes von Mises stress and displacement due to forces generated in the HTS module coil. The 750 kW superconducting generator has 84 HTS modules.
Then, the electromagnetic design and analysis were implemented to confirm the output power and magnetic field of the generator. Next, the electromagnetic force, torque, gravity and centrifugal force of the HTS module coil were analyzed.
Each module coil consists of an HTS field coil, bobbin, coil support, cryostat and current lead (CL), and designed by 3D CAD program. The HTS module coil was designed based on electromagnetic and mechanical analysis results obtained using a 3D finite element method (FEM), and the critical current density was evaluated by the perpendicular magnetic field. The structure of the module coil has mechanical stress and displacement due to the Lorentz force and torque, and these were analyzed using 3D FEM program.
The total torque and the tangential force of the generator, centrifugal and gravity forces were calculated by the equations (1), (2) (3) and (4). The torque and tangential, radial, gravity, centrifugal forces of the HTS module coil were examined.
1 and the basic specifications of the generator were determined. Then, the electromagnetic design and analysis were implemented to confirm the output power and magnetic field of the generator. Next, the electromagnetic force, torque, gravity and centrifugal force of the HTS module coil were analyzed.

대상 데이터

The HTS generator can be divided into a rotor and stator parts. Rotor components are the HTS module coils, a cryostat, and a rotor body. The stator part comprised of stator teeth, stator coils, and a magnetic shield.
The 750 kW HTS generator, which consists of 84 pole racetrack type HTS module coils. Each module coil consists of an HTS field coil, bobbin, coil support, cryostat and current lead (CL), and designed by 3D CAD program.
Based on the force analysis results, the HTS module coil structure was designed and analyzed using a 3D FEM program that includes von Mises stress and displacement due to forces generated in the HTS module coil. The 750 kW superconducting generator has 84 HTS modules. Table 1 shows the specifications of the 750 kW HTS generator.
The 84 HTS module coils were divided into 14 parts. Each part was mounted on a cryostat with a copper block and cooling pipes.
2. The HTS module coil consists of the HTS field coils, coil bobbins, supports, a copper block, the CLs, a cryostat, and a cooling pipe. The shape of the field coil was racetrack-type, and three double pancake coils were stacked.

이론/모형

This paper discussed the characteristics analysis of the modularized HTS field coil for a 750 kW superconducting wind power generator. The modularized HTS field coil was designed based on the electromagnetic and mechanical analysis results obtained using a 3D finite element method. The electromagnetic force of the module coil also was analyzed.

성능/효과

As a calculation result, the output torque and the tangential force of one HTS module coil were 3.6 kN·m and 2.2 kN, respectively.

참고문헌 (16)

Jung, H., Lee, C.G., Hahn, S.C. and Jung, S.Y., “Optimal design of a direct driven PM wind generator aimed at maximum AEP using Coupled FEA and Parallel Computing GA,” Journal of Electrical Engineering & Technology, Vol. 3, No. 4, pp. 552-558, 2008.

원문보기 상세보기
Polinder, H., Van der Pijl, F.F.A., De Vilder, G.J. and Tavner, P.J., “Comparison of direct drive and geared generator concepts for wind turbines,” IEEE Transactions on Energy Conversion, Vol. 21, No. 3, pp. 725-733, 2006.

상세보기
McDonald, A., "Structural analysis of low speed, high torque electrical generators for direct drive renewable energy converters," Ph.D. dissertation, School of Engineering & Electronics, University of Edinburgh, 2008.
Young, G.P., Woo, S.L., Jeyull, L., Seunghyun, S., Young, J.H., Yoon, D.C. and Tae, K.K., "Operational characteristics of HTS coils with flux diverters in semipersistent mode under alternating magnetic field," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 26, No. 4, Art. No. 5204105, 2016.

상세보기
Hiroyuki, O., Yutaka, T., Rashidul, M.Q. and Masaki, S., "Electromagnetic characteristics of 10 MW class superconducting wind turbine generators," IEEE Electrical Machine and System (ICEMS), pp.1303-1306, 2010.
Klaus, G., Wilke, M., Frauenhofer, J., Nick, W. and Neumuller, H.W., "Design challenges and benefits of HTS synchronous machines," IEEE Power & Energy Society General Meeting, pp. 1-8, 2007.
Oomen, M., Herkert, W., Bayer, D., Kummeth, P., Nick, W. and Arndt. T., "Manufacturing and test of 2G HTS coils for rotating machines: challenges, conductor requirements, realization," Physica C: Superconducting, Vol. 482, pp. 111-118, 2012.

상세보기
Go, B.S., Sung, H.J., Choi, J., Park, M. and Yu, I.K., "Modularization of the HTS field coils for a large scale superconducting generator," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 26, No. 3, Art. No. 5202905, 2016.

상세보기
Zhang, W., Xia, D. and Dong, Z., "Analysis of the strain and stress in the HTS generator at different operating conditions," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 27, No. 4, Art. No. 5203405, 2017.

상세보기
Weise, K., Schmidt, R., Carlstedt, M., Ziolkowski, M., Brauer, H. and Toepfer, H., "Optimal magnet design for Lorentz force eddy-current testing," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 51, No. 9, Art. No. 6201415, 2015.

상세보기
Wahl, L., Maas, S., Waldmann, D., Zurbes, A. and Freres, P., "Shear stresses in honeycomb sandwich plates: Analytical solution, finite element method and experimental verification," Journal of Sandwich Structure and Materials, Vol. 14, pp. 449-468, 2012.

상세보기
Kiruba, S.H., Swarn, K., Tabea A. and Ernst, W.S., "High power density supercoducting rotating machines development status and technology roadmap," Superconducting Science and Technology, Vol. 30, Art. No. 123002, 2017.
Han, W. C. and Kiruba, S., "Force analysis of superconducting coils in actively shielded air-core superconducting machines" IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 28, No. 5, Art. No. 5206808, 2018.

상세보기
Rouhollah, S. and Fatemeh, A., "Design of a combined screening and damping layer for a 10 MW class wind turbine HTS synchronous generator," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 28, No. 6, Art. No. 5208312, 2018.

상세보기
http://www.theva.com/products (Accessed on November 9th, 2018)
Go, B.S., Sung, H.J., Park, M. and Yu, I.K., "Structural design of a module coil for a 12 MW class HTS generator for wind turbine," IEEE Transactions on Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 27, No. 4, Art. No. 5202405, 2017.

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연합인증

계자 코일 구조에 따른 초전도 풍력 발전기의 모듈화 된 HTS계자 코일의 특성 분석
Characteristic Analysis of Modularized HTS Field Coils for a Superconducting Wind Power Generator According to Field Coil Structure 원문보기

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계자 코일 구조에 따른 초전도 풍력 발전기의 모듈화 된 HTS계자 코일의 특성 분석 Characteristic Analysis of Modularized HTS Field Coils for a Superconducting Wind Power Generator According to Field Coil Structure 원문보기

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