[논문]수평원통형 저장탱크의 지진취약도 해석

나빈; 선창호; 김익현

doi:10.11112/jksmi.2019.23.7.145

초록
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유연한 벽체를 가지면서 내용물이 일부분 저장된 수평원통형 저장탱크의 내진성능을 평가하기 위하여 지진취약도 해석을 수행하였다. 충격질량과 유연질량의 두 개의 집중질량을 갖는 등가의 간이모델로 저장탱크를 모델화하였으며, 이 모델의 유효성은 구조물-유체 상호작용을 고려한 3D 해석모델의 응답이력해석을 통해서 검증하였다. 이 등가의 간이모델에 대해서 양방향 지반운동에 대해 지진해석을 수행하였으며 종축방향과 직각방향에 대해 안정성과 관련한 지진취약도 곡선을 도출하였다. 그 결과 수평원통형 저장탱크는 직각방향에 대해서 지진 시 피해가 발생할 가능성이 큰 것으로 평가되었다.

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The fragility analyses for the partially filled horizontal cylindrical tank having a flexible wall were conducted to evaluate seismic performance. An equivalent simplified model with two lumped masses representing to impulsive and convective masses was used to represent the liquid storage system. Th...

The fragility analyses for the partially filled horizontal cylindrical tank having a flexible wall were conducted to evaluate seismic performance. An equivalent simplified model with two lumped masses representing to impulsive and convective masses was used to represent the liquid storage system. This simplified model was validated by comparing its time history analysis results with the 3D FSI model results. The horizontal tank was analyzed under bi-directional excitations. Seismic fragility curves for the stability were developed in transverse and longitudinal directions. Fragility curves show that seismic damage for the horizontal storage system is more susceptible in the transverse direction.

주제어

표/그림 (14)

그림 Fig. 1 Finite element idealization for the 3D detailed model
표 Table 1 Geometrical properties of the horizontal tank
표 Table 2 Mechanical properties of the horizontal tank
그림 Fig. 2 Equivalent model for simplified analysis of rectangular storage tank
그림 Fig. 3 Design response spectrum with matched cases
표 Table 3 Parameters of the simplified models in both directions
그림 Fig. 4 Response of base shear
그림 Fig. 5 Response of overturning moment
표 Table 4 Time history responses with 3D model
표 Table 5 Time history responses of simplified model
표 Table 6. Earthquake records for input ground motions
그림 Fig. 6 Fragility curve of sliding
그림 Fig. 7 Fragility curve of overturning
표 Table 7 EDPs and limit states for fragility evaluation of horizontal tanks

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문제 정의

This paper focuses on the seismic safety of the partially filled horizontal cylindrical tank. Therefore, fragility analyses were performed with the simplified model at the desired performance level.

가설 설정

(5) The performance point of the overturning of the tank is higher than that of sliding.

제안 방법

(2006) formulated the expressions for calculating the dynamic properties of the spherical and horizontal storage tank system. In their study, they investigated the effect of sloshing in the horizontal and spherical tanks during earthquakes by SDOF representation of the storage system. In general, it is important to know the seismic capacity of the critical facilities over the wide range of earthquakes which can be obtained by formulating the seismic fragility curves to each of the facilities of the industrial plant.
In this study, finite element analyses were made with two different approaches, namely the FSI model and the simplified model. FSI analyses are performed in the FEM program ANSYS(Canonsbug, 2012).
In this study, seismic analyses of the ground supported horizontal tank were performed using a 3D detailed model and a simplified one. And the fragility curves were developed for limit states of overturning and sliding.
The past earthquake records are not enough and suitable for seismic analyses, hence a set of artificial ground motions were developed and used in this study to find the seismic analyses. The ground acceleration for the total duration of 20sec was developed along with the longitudinal and transverse directions with peak ground acceleration(PGA) of 0.
This paper focuses on the seismic safety of the partially filled horizontal cylindrical tank. Therefore, fragility analyses were performed with the simplified model at the desired performance level. The overall study shows that seismic damage for the horizontal storage system is more susceptible in the transverse direction.
H and R are the liquid height and the radius of the horizontal tank, respectively. Therefore, in this study the simplified model is prepared by converting the horizontal tank to equivalent rectangular tank and transferring the liquid mass through convective mass and impulsive mass using elastic and rigid links respectively. The validity of the partially filled horizontal liquid storage tank is evaluated for the ground-based staged horizontal tank is presented.

대상 데이터

The tank wall is modeled by four-node shell element having six degrees of freedom at each node called SHELL181. The supporting saddles were modeled by a 20-node solid element called SOLID186.

이론/모형

For the interaction between the shell and the fluid element surface-to-surface contact by the element type CONTACT174 and TARGET170 supporting the Coulomb’s friction model was used.
Both equivalent models have the same liquid volume and depth, but different tank sizes. The dynamic properties of the equivalent tanks are calculated based on the IITK-GSDMA guidelines(Barton and Parker, 1987]. The equivalent simplified mass-spring models of rectangular tanks are shown in Fig.
Time history analyses were carried with the modal superposition technique. To characterize the convective and impulsive responses along with the time domain the time step of 0.

참고문헌 (14)

Housner, G. W. (1963), The dynamic behavior of water tanks, Bull. Seismol. Soc. Am., Vol. 53, No. 2, pp. 381-387, Feb.
Haroun, M. A. (1980), Dynamic Analyses of Liquid Storage Tanks, EERL 80-4, California Inst. of Tech., Pasadena, Calif.
Malhotra, P. K., Wenk, T. and Wieland, M. (2000), Simple procedure for seismic analysis of liquid-storage tanks, Struct. Eng. Int. J. Int. Assoc. Bridg. Struct. Eng., Vol. 10, No. 3, pp. 197-201.
Karamanos, S. A., Patkas, L. A. and Platyrrachos, M. A. (2006), Sloshing Effects on the Seismic Design of Horizontal-Cylindrical and Spherical Industrial Vessels, J. Press. Vessel Technol., Vol. 128, No. 3, p. 328.

상세보기
Canonsburg, T. D. (2012), ANSYS Mechanical APDL Verification Manual, Knowl. Creat. Diffus. Util., Vol. 15317, No. October, pp. 724-746.
Wilson E. L. and Khalvati, M. (1983), Finite elements for the dynamic analysis of fluid-solid systems, Int. J. Numer. Methods Eng., Vol. 19, No. 11, pp. 1657-1668.

상세보기
Eurocode 8. (2006), Design of structures for earthquake resistance - Part 4: Silos, tanks and pipelines, European committee for Standarization, Brussels.
Carluccio, A. Di., Fabbrocino, G., Salzano, E. and Manfredi, G. (2008), Analysis of Pressurized Horizontal Vessels Under Seismic Excitation, 14 th World Conf. Earthq. Eng., January, pp. 12
Karamanos, S. A., Patkas, L. A. and Platyrrachos, M. A. (2006), Sloshing Effects on the Seismic Design of Horizontal-Cylindrical and Spherical Industrial Vessels, J. Press. Vessel Technol., Vol. 128, No. 3, p. 328.-17.

상세보기
Barton, D. C. and Parker, J. V. (1987), Finite element analysis of the seismic response of anchored and unanchored liquid storage tanks, Earthq. Eng. Struct. Dyn., Vol. 15, No. 3, pp. 299-322.

상세보기
PEER Strong Motion Database, Available: http://peer.berkeley.edu/nga.
Sezen, H. and Whittaker, A. S. (2004), Performance of Industrial Facilities During the 1999, Kocaeli, Turkey Earthquake, 13th World Conf. Earthq. Eng., Vancuver, B.C, Canada.
Burgos, C. A., Jaca, R. C. and Godoy, L. A. (2018), International Journal of PressureVessels and Piping Post-buckling behavior of fl uid-storage steel horizontal tanks, Int. J. Press. Vessel. Pipes., vol. 162, no. December 2017, pp. 46-51.

상세보기
Sezen Halil and Whittaker A S. (2006), Seismic performance of industrial facilities affected by the 1999 Turkey earthquake Jor. of Performance of Constructed facilities, 2006, 20(1), pp .28-36.

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[국내논문] 수평원통형 저장탱크의 지진취약도 해석
Seismic Fragility Analysis of Ground Supported Horizontal Cylindrical Tank 원문보기

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[국내논문] 수평원통형 저장탱크의 지진취약도 해석 Seismic Fragility Analysis of Ground Supported Horizontal Cylindrical Tank 원문보기

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[국내논문] 수평원통형 저장탱크의 지진취약도 해석
Seismic Fragility Analysis of Ground Supported Horizontal Cylindrical Tank 원문보기

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