[논문]Case Studies of Mass Concentration Variation in the Central-Southern Korean Peninsula Caused by Synoptic Scale Transport of Dust Storms

Kim, Hak-Sung; Cho, Jae-Hee

doi:10.5467/jkess.2019.40.4.414

Case Studies of Mass Concentration Variation in the Central-Southern Korean Peninsula Caused by Synoptic Scale Transport of Dust Storms 원문보기

한국지구과학회지 = Journal of the Korean Earth Science Society, v.40 no.4, 2019년, pp.414 - 427

Kim, Hak-Sung (Department of Earth Science Education, Korean National University of Education) , Cho, Jae-Hee (Department of Earth Science Education, Korean National University of Education)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

In East Asia, the long-range transport of dust storms originating from Mongolia and northern China affects airborne dust loadings over downwind areas in the southern Korean Peninsula. Since 1997, dust loading cases caused by dust storms have been observed using the thresholds of total suspended particles (TSP, ${\geq}250{\mu}g\;m^{-3}\;hr^{-1}$) and particulate matter less than $10{\mu}g$ ($PM_{10}$, ${\geq}190{\mu}g\;m^{-3}\;hr^{-1}$) in the central-southern Korean Peninsula. There were two dust loading cases that exceeded these thresholds in 2016 and three in 2017, which reflects the downward trend of the last twenty-one years in the central-southern Korean Peninsula. Furthermore, five other dust loading cases with mass concentrations lower than the thresholds were observed from 2016 to 2017. In the moderate dust loading cases exceeding the thresholds, a descending motion of cut-off lows below $45^{\circ}N$ and a southward trough at 500 hPa gpm isopleths intensified at the western ridge, and largely extended the surface high-pressure system over southeast China. Airborne dust loadings following pronounced north-westerlies in the forward side of the high-pressure system were transported to the surface of the central-southern Korean Peninsula. However, in slight dust loading cases lower than the thresholds, the restricted descending motion of cut-off lows over $45^{\circ}N$ and the southwestward trough at 500 hPa gpm isopleths intensified the zonal flow over the Korean Peninsula. Surface high- and low-pressure systems moved eastward from the source compared to moderate dust loading cases. Due to the zonal movement of dust storms traversing eastern China, slight dust loading cases were observed with relatively higher ratios of $PM_{2.5}/TSP$ and carbon monoxide (CO) in the central-southern Korean Peninsula.

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제안 방법

The sounding data at KCAER weremade available courtesy of NCEP-Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS). Also, height variations for each 24 hour period at 500 hPa gpm isopleths were obtained from the Korea Meteorological Administration (KMA) to analyze the strength and movement pathways of troughs and ridges.
The RGB-composite images have been used to detect the large-scale transport of air pollutants in the East Asian region. In this study, brightness temperature differences (BTD) were analyzed to detect the large-scale transport of dust storms from their sources to the southern Korean Peninsula. The BTD method for NOAA satellite data was described in a prior study(Kim et al.
5°) of the National Center for Environmental Prediction-National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP-NCAR) were used to analyze synoptic features for dust loading cases observed at KCAER. Synoptic features for dust loading cases were analyzed by using meteorological charts including 500 hPa gpm isopleths and surface weather maps. The sounding data at KCAER weremade available courtesy of NCEP-Global Data Assimilation System (GDAS).
This study classified the synoptic features of dust loading cases observed in central-southern Korean Peninsula, based on the ground measurement of mass concentrations from 2016 to 2017. During these two years, there were two dust loading cases higher than the thresholds in 2016 and three in 2017.

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