수중 불분리성 그라우트는 수중 현장에 광범위하게 사용된다. 그러나 접합강도, 펌프 능력 및 강도 손실과 같은 주요 문제점이 여전히 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 자기충전, 비파괴 방지 그라우트 연구에 기초하여 이 분야의 현황을 파악하기 위해 수중 시공 및 카르스트 공동 실링에 관한 연구 동향에 대해 검토하였다. 그라우트를 수중에 사용할 경우, 공기 중에서 시공하는 것에 비해 강도와 접합강도가 손실될 것이다. 이를 방지하기 위해 고점도의 그라우트를 통해 카르스트 공동을 실링하고 있지만, 대심도에서는 그라우트의 펌핑 능력에 심각한 문제를 발생시키므로 기존의 수중 불분리성 그라우트와 콘크리트는 대심도 환경에 적합하지 않음을 의미한다.
수중 불분리성 그라우트는 수중 현장에 광범위하게 사용된다. 그러나 접합강도, 펌프 능력 및 강도 손실과 같은 주요 문제점이 여전히 존재한다. 본 연구에서는 자기충전, 비파괴 방지 그라우트 연구에 기초하여 이 분야의 현황을 파악하기 위해 수중 시공 및 카르스트 공동 실링에 관한 연구 동향에 대해 검토하였다. 그라우트를 수중에 사용할 경우, 공기 중에서 시공하는 것에 비해 강도와 접합강도가 손실될 것이다. 이를 방지하기 위해 고점도의 그라우트를 통해 카르스트 공동을 실링하고 있지만, 대심도에서는 그라우트의 펌핑 능력에 심각한 문제를 발생시키므로 기존의 수중 불분리성 그라우트와 콘크리트는 대심도 환경에 적합하지 않음을 의미한다.
Although anti-washout grouts are used extensively in underwater targets, major constraints continue to be associated with their use. These include poor bonding strength, poor pumpability, and loss of high strength in everyday engineering applications. In this study, based on the literature pertainin...
Although anti-washout grouts are used extensively in underwater targets, major constraints continue to be associated with their use. These include poor bonding strength, poor pumpability, and loss of high strength in everyday engineering applications. In this study, based on the literature pertaining to self-compacted, non-dispersive, anti-washout grouts, a review of research trends in anti-washout grouts for underwater construction and sealing of karst cavities was carried out in order to determine the problems faced in this field. Grouts used under water suffer a loss of strength and bonding strength in comparison to grouts cast in air. Researchers are designing high-viscosity grouts to overcome the inrush of water and seal karst cavities; however, in doing so, they have inadvertently caused serious problems pertaining to the pumpability of these grouts and concretes in deep target locations. Thus, the majority of the anti-washout grouts and concretes that have been developed are not applicable to deep target environments, instead being suitable for only near-surface targets.
Although anti-washout grouts are used extensively in underwater targets, major constraints continue to be associated with their use. These include poor bonding strength, poor pumpability, and loss of high strength in everyday engineering applications. In this study, based on the literature pertaining to self-compacted, non-dispersive, anti-washout grouts, a review of research trends in anti-washout grouts for underwater construction and sealing of karst cavities was carried out in order to determine the problems faced in this field. Grouts used under water suffer a loss of strength and bonding strength in comparison to grouts cast in air. Researchers are designing high-viscosity grouts to overcome the inrush of water and seal karst cavities; however, in doing so, they have inadvertently caused serious problems pertaining to the pumpability of these grouts and concretes in deep target locations. Thus, the majority of the anti-washout grouts and concretes that have been developed are not applicable to deep target environments, instead being suitable for only near-surface targets.
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성능/효과
Heniegal (2015) stated that the reduction in compressive strength ratio (t) due to underwater casting of cubes and different levels of AWAs is very large, as shown in Fig. 5. It was confirmed that higher AWAs content results in lower compressive strength and that optimum level of AWAs for the highest relative compressive strength (compressive strength out of water/underwater compressive strength) is 1% of the cement weight. Excessive doses may cause higher air content and an increase in anti-washout properties and cohesion, which directly affect the workability and pumpability of the cement grout.
However, because of its high viscosity, the resulting grout mixture is barely pumpable to deep locations and has a very low compressive strength. The results revealed a compressive strength of 3 MPa for 3 days and 5 MPa for 28 days of water curing with a short setting time value of 62 s and an extreme value of 68 s. This demonstrates that the grout under study cannot be used for deep target locations.
후속연구
4. Future researches for such grouts should concentrate on real field applications to assess their suitability for workability, ease of pumping, permeation and the strength gain with time, and so on. Implementation of these grouts must be carried out by developing the target environment permeability and ground water conditions.
참고문헌 (14)
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Heniegal, A. M., A. A. El Salam Matty and I. S. Agwa, 2015, I. S. Simulation of the behavior of pressurized underwater concrete, Alex., Vol. 54, No. 2, pp. 183-195.
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