[논문]자외선B 조사에 의한 모발 외부와 내부의 광산화에 관한 분광학적 비교

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doi:10.14478/ace.2020.1021

자외선B 조사에 의한 모발 외부와 내부의 광산화에 관한 분광학적 비교
Spectroscopic Comparison of Photo-oxidation of Outside and Inside of Hair by UVB Irradiation 원문보기

공업화학 = Applied chemistry for engineering, v.31 no.2, 2020년, pp.220 - 225

하병조 (을지대학교 미용화장품과학과)

초록
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모발은 여러 가지 아미노산들을 포함하는 단백질로 이루어져 있다. 자외선(UV)은 태양광선중에서 모발손상에 가장 큰 영향을 미치며 모발 노화에 주된 역할을 한다. 본 연구의 목적은 전자현미경(SEM), 공초점현미경(CLSM) 및 적외선 현미경분광법(IR micro spectroscopy)을 이용하여 정상모발에 UVB를 조사한 후 특징적인 형태학적 및 화학적 구조변화를 알아보는 것이다. 에너지 분산형 X선 분광기가 부착된 전자현미경은 자외선 조사모발의 표면이 정상모발과 비교했을 때 거칠고 높은 산소원소의 함량을 보였다. 형광 및 3차원 위상 이미지를 CLSM으로 분석한 결과 정상모발의 초록색 형광방출이 UVB 조사모발에 비해 매우 높았다. 또한 fluorescamine 형광 염색법을 통해 UVB 조사모발은 정상모발에 비해 펩타이드 결합의 파괴로 생성된 자유 아미노기가 많음을 확인할 수 있었다. UVB 조사모발의 강한 푸른색 형광은 아미노기의 함량이 높다는 것을 의미하며, 이는 CLSM에서도 관찰되었다. 따라서 fluorescamine은 UVB 조사모발에서 펩타이드 결합의 파괴를 관찰하는데 유용한 도구가 될 수 있다. 정상모발과 UVB 조사모발의 단면을 IR micro-spectroscopy를 통해 이미지 맵핑(mapping)한 결과, UVB 조사모발은 정상 모발에 비해 모발의 표면은 물론 내부에 걸쳐 디설파이드 결합(disulfide bond)의 산화가 일어나고 있음을 확인할 수 있었다. 이러한 분광학적 방법은 단독 또는 다른 분석법과 함께 모발화장품의 개발에 응용될 수 있을 것이다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Hair is made of proteins containing various amino acids. Ultraviolet (UV) radiation is believed to be responsible for the most damaging effects of sunlight, and also plays an important role in hair aging. The purpose of this study was to investigate the changes in morphological and chemical structures after ultraviolet B (UVB) irradiation of human hair. The UVB-irradiated hair showed characteristic morphological and structural changes, compared to those of the normal hair. The result from a scanning electron microscope (SEM) equipped with an energy dispersive X-ray diffractometer (EDX) showed that the scale of UV-irradiated hair appeared to be rough and the amount of oxygen element was higher than that of the normal hair. Fluorescence and three dimensional (3D) topographical images were obtained by a confocal laser scanning microscope (CLSM). In 3D images, the green emission intensity of normal hair was much higher than that of fluorescing UVB-irradiated hair. The intensity of green emission reflects the intrinsic fluorescence of hair protein. Also, a fluorescent imaging method using fluorescamine reagent was used to identify the free amino groups resulting from a peptide bond breakage in UVB-irradiated hair. Strong blue fluorescence of UVB-irradiated hair, which indicates a very high level of amino groups, was observed by CLSM. Therefore, the fluorescamine as an extrinsic fluorescence could provide a useful tool to identify the peptide bond breakage in UVB-irradiated hair. Infrared image mapping was also employed to assess the cross-sections of normal and UVB-irradiated specimens to examine the oxidation of disulfide bonds. The degree of peak areas with strong absorbance for the disulfide mono-oxide was spread from the outside to the inside of hair. The spectroscopic techniques used alone, or in combination, launch new possibilities in the field of hair cosmetics.

주제어

표/그림 (8)

그림 Figure 1. SEM images of normal hair and UVB-irradiated hair.
그림 Figure 2. EDX element composition of normal and UVB-irradiate hair.
표 Table 1. Elemental Analysis Data of Normal Hair and UVB-Irradiated Hair (unit: Wt%)
그림 Figure 3. CLSM surface picture of normal hair and UVB-irradiated hair.
그림 Figure 4. 3D reconstructions on the insides of normal hair and UVB-irradiated hair.
그림 Figure 5. Fluorescence images by using fluorescamine probe.
그림 Figure 6. (a)IR micro-spectroscopic image mapping on the ratio of peak height 1,076 cm^-1/1,450 cm^-1. ① outside normal hair, ② inside normal hair. The numbers show the micro-areas analyzed. (b) IR micro-spectroscopic image mapping of the ratio of peak height 1,076 cm^-1/1,450 cm^-1. ① outside of UVB-irradiated hair, ② inside of UVBirradiated hair. The numbers show the micro-areas analyzed.
그림 Figure 7. (a) ATR-FTIR spectrum of normal hair. ① outside hair, ② inside hair. In the ordinate, absolute absorbance values are reported. Each arrow means the absorbance peaks at 1,450 cm^-1 and 1,076 cm^-1. (b) ATR-FTIR spectrum of UV-irradiated hair. ① outside hair, ② inside hair. In the ordinate, absolute absorbance values are reported. The arrow means the absorbance peak at 1,076 cm^-1.

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문제 정의

Important modifications of hair caused by bleaching have already been reported[6], but subtle photochemical changes of in the outside and inside of hair have hardly been assessed, until now. Thus, the aim of this work was to quantify the effect of UVB irradiation on hair.

제안 방법

Hitachi S-4700 (FE-SEM, Hitachi, Japan) including a Bruker AXS Quantax 4010 energy dispersive X-ray spectrometer (EDS) was used to show the morphology of hair samples without gold coating, and the semi quantification elemental analyses were performed to identify the weight percentage of major and minor elements present in the samples.
In this paper, three different analytical methods were applied to evaluate photo-oxidation with respect to the surface morphology, fluorescence, and chemical structural changes of hair. SEM-EDX was applied to examine the surface morphology together with the elemental composition.
They are designed for the accurate and direct measurement of UVB irradiation. The UVB doses were assessed using a Vilber-Lourmat VLX-3W radiometer attached to a silicon photoelectric UV-CX sensor (model CX-312) for a direct measurement of UVB intensity. The UVB-irradiated samples were exposed for 6 h, at 0.
UVB irradiation is mainly responsible for hair cuticle damage as well as the responsible for the oxidative degradation of aromatic amino acids such as tryptophan, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. To study the effect of UVB on the surface morphology of hair, a 3D reconstruction of CLSM auto-fluorescence was conducted to examine the internal hair structure. The optical sectioning property of CLSM can be conveniently applied to observe internal hair structure[16].

대상 데이터

The ATR-FTIR spectra and images were obtained using a micro-FTIR system (FTIR 6200, Jasco, Japan), and a mercury-cadmium-telluride (MCT) detector with 16 linear arrays. This system had a spectral resolution of 8 cm^-1, and was averaged to obtain areas on an able signal-to-noise ratio.

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