[논문]비틀린 중공사막이 모듈에 미치는 영향: 전산 유체역학 시뮬레이션을 통한 정삼투 모듈의 압력과 농도 분포

김수헌; 이철민; 김인수

doi:10.14579/membrane_journal.2020.30.1.66

비틀린 중공사막이 모듈에 미치는 영향: 전산 유체역학 시뮬레이션을 통한 정삼투 모듈의 압력과 농도 분포
Effect of Twisted Hollow Fiber Membranes in a Module: Computational Fluid Dynamics Simulations on the Pressure and Concentration Profile of the Module in the forward Osmosis 원문보기

멤브레인 = Membrane Journal, v.30 no.1, 2020년, pp.66 - 77

김수헌 (광주과학기술원 지구환경공학부) , 이철민 (광주과학기술원 지구환경공학부) , 김인수 (광주과학기술원 지구환경공학부)

초록
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본 연구에서는 정삼투 중공사막 모듈에서 중공사막의 가닥을 비틀어 배치하였을 때의 효과를 알아보기 위해 CFD전산 유체 역학 프로그램을 통해 5개의 다른 각도로 비틀린 중공사막 모듈을 설계하고 시뮬레이션하여 비틀리지 않은 모듈과 비교하였다. 실험 결과, 중공사막이 비틀렸을 때, 모듈 내부의 유도 용액의 농도가 비틀리지 않을 때에 비해 고르게 분포하였다. 모듈 입구의 압력은 중공사막의 비틀림과 관계없이 일정한 값을 보였지만 출구의 압력은 중공사막이 비틀린 정도가 커질수록 증가하는 추세를 보였다. 출구의 압력이 높아짐에 따라 막 내부의 유체 속도가 감소하고 모듈 체류 시간이 증가하여 막사이의 물질 교환이 원활하게 이루어질 것으로 예측된다. 이는 결과적으로 막이 비틀려 있을 때의 모듈 플럭스가 투과 수량이 차지하는 비율이 그렇지 않을 때에 비해 2배 증가하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The current study focused on the effect of twisting hollow fibers (HFs) in a module during forward osmosis operation mode. Computational fluid dynamics simulation was employed for a straight HF module and twisted modules with five different angles to predict the mass transfer and observe the draw solution profile in terms of concentration and pressure. The simulation results showed that when the membranes were twisted, the concentration was distributed more evenly and the pressure at the module outlet increased gradually as the twisting angle increased. As pressure at the outlet increased, the fluid velocity inside the membrane decreased and the residence time of fluid increased, thereby facilitating mass exchange across the membrane. This is evidenced by a doubling of the ratio of water flux through the membrane in module flux when the HFs were twisted.

주제어

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문제 정의

Our goal was to observe the flow characteristics of the solution outside of the HFs in the module. The numerical method used in this study was the finite element method (FEM), in which partial differential equations such as Navier-Stokes and the mass conservation equation were represented and evaluated.

제안 방법

In the simulation, the bundles of hollow fiber membranes were twisted at 0, 15, 30, 45, 60, and 90°, and the concentration, pressure, and flux distribution were compared across these conditions.
However, those studies were simulated to aim at reverse osmosis process[27] or to analyze effects due to change of operating conditions[28] or to examine incompressible flow through twisted elliptical hollow fiber membrane[29]. In this study, we focused on changes in the fluid dynamics and solution profile, such as the pressure and concentration of the module, due to the degree of twisting between hollow fibers assuming an FO process. For this purpose, a CFD model was designed to investigate the relationship between module design and fluid flow changes according to the internal structure of the module, operating under the assumption that the shell side corresponds to the draw solution and the lumen side to the feed solution.
This study presents a comprehensive CFD model that included changes in fluid characteristics (pressure and concentration) inside the module when HFs were twisted in the FO process. A module with 137 HF membranes twisted at six different angles, from 0° to 90°, was simulated and the simulated performance of each module was compared in terms of the concentration distribution of the NaCl draw solution and the pressure gradient of the module.

대상 데이터

The overall structure of the module was designed with reference to the commercialized HF FO module HFFO2 (Aquaporin, Denmark)[33,34]. The module used in the simulation was a cylindrical shape with evenly-packed HFs. Its length was 0.
The overall structure of the module was designed with reference to the commercialized HF FO module HFFO2 (Aquaporin, Denmark)[33,34]. The module used in the simulation was a cylindrical shape with evenly-packed HFs.

데이터처리

1. Meshing based on the general grid interface connections and the governing equations were computed numerically through the CFD Solver in ANSYS 19.1.

이론/모형

We assumed a Newtonian fluid, and the flow was assumed to be laminar. As an incompressible fluid in a steady state, the fluid model was governed by the Navier-Stokes and conservation of mass equations. To analyze fluid movement, these equations are expressed with constant physical properties, as follows:
Our goal was to observe the flow characteristics of the solution outside of the HFs in the module. The numerical method used in this study was the finite element method (FEM), in which partial differential equations such as Navier-Stokes and the mass conservation equation were represented and evaluated. The calculations were done with the minimum root mean square set at 10^-4.

성능/효과

The total module flux shown in the simulation results has a huge difference between the straight module as 0° and the twisted module as 15°, and no significant change after the HF twisted.

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저자의 다른 논문 :

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