[논문]커빅 커플링을 적용한 밀-턴 스핀들의 열-구조 안정성 평가에 관한 해석적 연구

이춘만; 정호인

doi:10.14775/ksmpe.2020.19.01.100

[국내논문] 커빅 커플링을 적용한 밀-턴 스핀들의 열-구조 안정성 평가에 관한 해석적 연구
An Analytical Study on the Thermal-Structure Stability Evaluation of Mill-Turn Spindle with Curvic Coupling 원문보기

한국기계가공학회지 = Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers, v.19 no.1, 2020년, pp.100 - 107

이춘만 (창원대학교 기계공학부) , 정호인 (창원대학교 메카트로닉스공학부)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

As demand for high value-added products with hard materials increases, the line center is used for producing high value-added products in many industries such as aerospace, automobile fields. The line center is a key device for smart factory automation that can improve the production efficiency and the productivity. Therefore, the development of a mill-turn line center is necessary to produce high value-added products with complex shapes flexibly. In the mill-turn process, a milling process and a turning process are combined. In particular, the turning process needs to increase the rigidity of the spindle. The purpose of this study is to analyze the thermal-structural stability through thermo-structural coupled analysis for a mill-turn spindle with a curvic coupling. The maximum temperature and thermal stability of the spindle were analyzed by thermal distribution. In addition, the thermal deformation and thermal-structural stability of the spindle were analyzed through thermo-structural coupled analysis.

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문제 정의

This study was conducted with the support of the industrial technology innovation project of the Ministry of Trade, Industry and Energy (“Development of a line center with 15% or higher compact index with IoT/AI smart condition diagnosis/calibration and dual head for machining complex-shaped parts;” No. 20003806).

가설 설정

3. A strain of 49.5 μm in the milling condition was caused by the rotation of the Curvic Coupling.
The effect of spindle heating was analyzed by setting the temperature obtained from the thermal analysis as the boundary condition. For structural analysis that focused on heating and thermal displacement according to the operation of the mill-turn spindle in this study, the assembled state of the mill-turn spindle was assumed as the steady state, and the bearing stiffness was not considered in this study in the performance of static analysis^[13]. Fig.

제안 방법

For spindle thermal analysis, the bearing heating value at the maximum spindle speed was calculated and used as the heat source, and thermal analysis was performed considering the cooling effects of the cooling jacket in the ball bearing and built-in motor. After analyzing the temperature maximum and distribution of the spindle through thermal analysis, the thermal-structural stability of the spindle was analyzed according to the thermal displacement and Curvic Coupling motions of the spindle through thermal-structural coupled analysis. The mill-turn spindle to be developed is fixed to both ends of the shaft using double-row ceramic ball bearings of the DT combination for high-speed and high-stiffness machining.
In this study, the temperature maximum and distribution of a spindle were analyzed through thermal analysis before the fabrication of a high-precision mill-turn spindle that can perform at a high speed and stiffness for machining using Curvic Coupling.
Regarding the heat transfer characteristics of the gap between the rotor and stator, the convective heat transfer coefficient (hgap) between the gaps was calculated assuming a simple plate flow with very narrow spacing.
Thermal analysis was not performed for the turning condition because the spindle does not rotate at a high speed, and heat generation is insignificant. Structural analysis was performed to analyze the increased stiffness of the shaft due to the coupling operation. For the boundary condition, the rotation speed of the spindle was set to 1,000 rpm.
Because the rotation speed during turning is slow, thermal analysis was performed only under the milling condition. The mesh analysis model was composed of 435,909 nodes and 110,028 elements by configuring the grids using the hex dominant (Quad/Tri) and sweep methods. Fig.
The results of this study will be applied to developments in the design and manufacturing of a mill-turn spindle of a compact line center for machining complex-shaped parts.
In this study, the temperature maximum and distribution of a spindle were analyzed through thermal analysis before the fabrication of a high-precision mill-turn spindle that can perform at a high speed and stiffness for machining using Curvic Coupling. Then, the thermal-structural stability of the spindle according to the thermal displacement of the spindle and the operation of the Curvic Coupling were analyzed through the thermal-structural coupled analysis. The maximum temperature of the mill-turn spindle was 35.
This study used thermal analysis to contribute to thermal stabilization designs before producing a mill-turn spindle that can perform machining at a high speed, stiffness, and precision using Curvic Coupling. The precision of high-speed machining is greatly affected by thermal strain.
A constant flow of 10 L/min of cooling oil was supplied to every cooling jacket, and the temperature of the cooling oil was maintained at 20ºC. To calculate the cooling capacity of the cooling jacket, its convective heat transfer coefficient (h_{Cooling jaket}) was calculated by applying the Nusselt number (#) and thermal conductivity (K_oil) of the cooling oil. The Nusselt number of the internal flow for the turbulent flow inside the pipe was calculated by applying the Reynolds number (#), Prandtl number (Pr), and the friction coefficient of the pipe (f) ^{[9] .}

대상 데이터

3 shows the analysis model used. The materials used were SM45C, SCM415, and SUJ2. Furthermore, SCM415 was applied to rotating bodies such as the shaft and drawbar, SUJ2 was applied to the bearings, and SM45C was applied to parts such as the spindle housing.

이론/모형

For the embedded motor used in the spindle system, the SIMOTICS M-1FE1 model of SIEMESNS was used. The motor heating value was calculated using the output-torque diagram and heating data provided by the manufacturer.

성능/효과

1. As a result of thermal analysis by calculating the heating, cooling, and heat transfer characteristics of the spindle using the aforementioned equations, the maximum temperature of the spindle was 35.8ºC.
2. As a result of the thermal-structural coupled analysis, the maximum strain of the mill-turn spindle in the milling condition was 49.5 μm, the maximum stress was 179 MPa, and the safety factor was approximately 2.
4. The maximum strain and stress of the mill-turn spindle in the turning condition were 3.1 μm and 5.73 MPa, respectively.
The analysis result showed that the maximum displacement of the spindle in the turning condition at the spindle tip was 3.1 μm, and the maximum stress was 5.73 MPa between the shaft and the housing.
The analysis results showed that the maximum temperature of the turn spindle was 35.8ºC (in the range of 20–40 ºC, the spindle operation condition for commercial machine tools) in the front wheel bearing of the spindle.
The analysis results showed that the maximum displacement and maximum stress of the spindle in milling condition during Curvic coupling were 49.5 μm and 179 MPa, respectively.

참고문헌 (13)

Lee, M. J. and Lee, C. M., "Development of Analysis Model for Geometric Error in Turning processes," Journal of Central South University, Vol. 18, pp. 711-717, 2011.
Choi, J. Y. and Lee, C. M., "Evaluation of Cutting force and Surface Temperature for Round and Square member in Laser Assisted Turn-Mill," Journal of Applied Mechanics and Materials, Vol. 229-231, pp. 718-722, 2012.

상세보기
Lee, C. M. and Ahn, J. W., "Study on the Evaluation of Machining Characteristics of Trochoidal Profile by Turn-Mill," Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, Vol. 33, No. 2, pp. 95-100, 2016.

원문보기 상세보기
Lee, C. M. and Kim, E. J., "A Study on the Machining Characteristics of a Turning-Center by Laser Assisted Machining," Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, Vol. 35, No. 6, pp. 597-601, 2018.

상세보기
Kim, D. H., Woo, W. S., Lee, C. M. and Hwang, Y. K, "Performance Evaluation of a Variable Preload Spindle by Using Linear Actuator," Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, Vol. 34, No. 8, pp. 511-515, 2017.

상세보기
Kim, K. S., Hwang, J. H., Lee, D. W., Lee, S. M. and Lee, S. J., "Study on the Frictional Torque in the Angular Contact Ball Bearing for Machine Tool Spindle by Empirical Formula," Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, Vol. 32, No. 2, pp. 149-157, 2015.

원문보기 상세보기
Kim, J. D., Zverv, I. and Lee, K. B., "Thermal Model of High-Speed Spindle Units," Journal of Intelligent Information Management, Vol. 2, pp. 306-315, 2010.

상세보기
Seong, K. H., Cho, H. W., Hwang, J. H. and Shim, J. Y., "Power Loss and Thermal Characteristic Analysis of Induction Motors for Machine Tool Spindle according to the Rated Power-Speed," The Transactions of the Korean Institute of Electrical Engineers Vol. 62, No. 12, pp. 1668-1677, 2013.

원문보기 상세보기
Choi, H. J., and Choi, S. D., "Thermal Characteristics Analysis of High Speed Spindle of CA Frame Equipment for Eyewear," Journal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers, Vol. 10, No. 5, pp. 31-37, 2011.
Dong, Y., Zhou, Z. and Liu, M., "Bearing Preload Optimization for Machine Tool Spindle by the Influencing Multiple Parameters on the Bearing Performance," Journal of Advances in Mechanical Engineering, Vol. 9, No. 2, pp. 1-9, 2017.
Kim, S. T., Lee, S. J. and Choi, Y. H., "Thermal Characteristics Analysis of a High Speed Spindle System by Using FSI Method," Jorunal of the Korean Society of Manufacturing Process Engineers, Vol. 13, No. 3, pp. 83-88, 2014.
Lee, M. G., Nam, S. H. and Lee, D. Y., "Lightweight of Movable Parts for Energy Reduction of 5-axis Machining Center," Journal of the Korean Society for Precision Engineering, Vol. 30, No. 5, pp. 474-479, 2013.

원문보기 상세보기
Kwon, S. W., Tong, V. C. and Hong, S. W., "Modeling of Displacement of Linear Roller Bearing Subjected to External Forces Considering LM Block Deformation," Transactions of the Korean Society of Mechanical Engineers A, Vol. 40, No. 12, pp. 1077-1085, 2016.

원문보기 상세보기

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[국내논문] 커빅 커플링을 적용한 밀-턴 스핀들의 열-구조 안정성 평가에 관한 해석적 연구
An Analytical Study on the Thermal-Structure Stability Evaluation of Mill-Turn Spindle with Curvic Coupling 원문보기

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[국내논문] 커빅 커플링을 적용한 밀-턴 스핀들의 열-구조 안정성 평가에 관한 해석적 연구 An Analytical Study on the Thermal-Structure Stability Evaluation of Mill-Turn Spindle with Curvic Coupling 원문보기

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[국내논문] 커빅 커플링을 적용한 밀-턴 스핀들의 열-구조 안정성 평가에 관한 해석적 연구
An Analytical Study on the Thermal-Structure Stability Evaluation of Mill-Turn Spindle with Curvic Coupling 원문보기

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