[논문]가속도계를 이용한 수면 품질 측정을 위한 스마트 베개 설계

엔당 수완디; 김범준

doi:10.13067/jkiecs.2020.15.3.603

초록
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본 논문에서는 수면하는 동안 신체 움직임을 감지하여 수면의 질을 측정하기 위한 스마트 베개를 제안한다. 제안된 스마트 베개는 9개의 가속도 센서를 내장하여 수면하는 동안 머리 또는 몸의 움직임을 감지할 수 있다. 스마트 베개의 효용성을 알아보기 위해서 총 7명의 사용자를 선발하여 5일 동안 개발된 수면 베개를 사용하도록 하고 이들의 수면 모습을 카메라로 녹화하는 한편 설문 조사를 실시하였다. 스피어만 상관관계를 이용하여 수면 중 분당 신체 움직임과 수면품질의 상관관계를 분석한 결과 수면 중 분당 신체 움직임이 많을수록 수면의 질이 저하되는 것을 확인할 수 있었다. 본 논문의 결과는 향후 수면 장애를 신속히 진단하여 치료하는데 활용될 수 있다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The sleep measurement system is important to detect sleep disturbances as early as possible to be diagnosed and treat the diseases quickly. This paper presents design of system to measure the quality of sleep by using nine accelerometer sensors embedded in the pillow to detect the acceleration of li...

The sleep measurement system is important to detect sleep disturbances as early as possible to be diagnosed and treat the diseases quickly. This paper presents design of system to measure the quality of sleep by using nine accelerometer sensors embedded in the pillow to detect the acceleration of limb movement, e.g. head movements. The participants were asked to sleep using a smart pillow for five days. While sleeping, participants are recorded using a camera on a computer. After awakening, participants were asked to fill out a post-sleep questionnaire. Spearman's correlation was performed to test the correlation of gross body movement per minute rate with post-sleep questionnaire questions. Finally, the seven score of sleep quality were tested with gross body movement per minute rate. The result is the higher gross body movement per minute during sleep represented lower sleep quality.

주제어

표/그림 (8)

그림 Fig. 1 The smart pillow designed and the positions of 9 sensors
그림 Fig. 2 The Processing unit using two Arduino boards
그림 Fig. 3 Experimental Setup
표 Table 1. Sensor grouping based on the location of the accelerometer sensors
표 Table 2. Sensor grouping based on the number of the accelerometer sensors
표 Table 3. Within-subject correlation analysis of subjective quality, restfulness and depth of sleep with gross body movements in sensors left, centre, and right
그림 Fig. 4 Measured values from 9 sensors
표 Table 4. Within-subject correlation analysis of subjective quality, restfulness and depth of sleep with gross body movement in sensor top, sensor mid, and sensor bottom

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문제 정의

As it is mentioned so far, GMs were an extremely useful parameter to assess the sleep quality. This paper, therefore, focus on developing a device to detect GMs and measure the quality of sleep. Considering that a pillow [6] is usually used by people to support the body during sleep and the materials for it are easy and inexpensive to obtain, we have decided to develop a smart pillow that can measure the long-term quality of sleep using accelerometer sensors equipped inside.
This study focuses on the design of smart pillow for sleep quality measurement with nine accelerometer sensors. The sensors are placed with three each on the top, center, and bottom of the pillow.

제안 방법

The results showed the correlations between subjective and objective measures over a period of 14 nights, which systematically showed the better subjective sleep quality as a function of low motility. In this study, they separated GMs from small body movements based on the duration of gestures. The GMs had the duration of motion over 5 seconds while the small body movements continued less than 5 seconds.
For the ease of recording purposes, the participants are requested to sleep on mattresses. The participants were trained how to operate the computer application for the recording, and requested to start the recording before sleep and close the application upon woke up. Then, participants were required to fill up the Likert 5-scales post-sleep questionnaire (PSQ) which contained sleep hours, awaking hours, estimated sleep latency, number of awaking, estimated sleep time, estimated deep sleep duration, subjective sleep quality and estimated depth of sleep.
The participants were trained how to operate the computer application for the recording, and requested to start the recording before sleep and close the application upon woke up. Then, participants were required to fill up the Likert 5-scales post-sleep questionnaire (PSQ) which contained sleep hours, awaking hours, estimated sleep latency, number of awaking, estimated sleep time, estimated deep sleep duration, subjective sleep quality and estimated depth of sleep. The general sleep quality was calculated by summing all the scores collected from the 7 subjective parameters (sleep quality, restfulness, depth, sleep latency etc.

대상 데이터

Seven volunteers were involved in this study with an average age of 32.29 years. Each participant’s GMs during sleep was recorded for the consecutive five days at their own homes.

성능/효과

Total 16 registered participants used static charge sensitive beds (SCSB) for 14 consecutive nights in their homes. The results showed the correlations between subjective and objective measures over a period of 14 nights, which systematically showed the better subjective sleep quality as a function of low motility. In this study, they separated GMs from small body movements based on the duration of gestures.

참고문헌 (10)

A. Kuramoto, W. Inoue, Y. Otake, H. Kimura, and N. Inou, "Development of intelligent integrated bedding system Transformable pillow and mattress with multiple flexible actuators," 42nd Annual Conference of the IEEE Industrial Electronics Society, Florence, Italy, 2016.
O. Maurice, M. W. Emerson, H. Max, M. A. Steven, A. Alon, J. D. Frank, D. Yves, F. Raffaelle, F. Constance, G. David, H. Nancy, K. Andrew, L. Kenneth, M. Monica, P. Giuseppe, R. Robert, A. S. Frank, S. Virend, and V. V. Michael, "National Sleep Foundation's sleep quality recommendations: first report," Sleep Health, vol. 3, issue 1, 2017, pp. 6-19.

상세보기
M. Fukumoto, N. Mochizuki, M. Takeishi, Y. Nomura, and M. Segawa, "Studies of body movements during night sleep in infancy," Brain Dev., vol. 3, no. 1, 1981, pp. 37-43.

상세보기
Y. Jang, S. Lee, and S. Ryu, "Characteristics of Frequency Band on EEG Signal Causing Human Drowsiness," J. of the Korea Institute of Electronic Communication Sciences, vol. 8, no. 6, 2013, pp. 949-954.

원문보기 상세보기
J. Kaartinen, I. Kuhlman, and P. Peura, "Long-term Monitoring of Movements in Bed and Their Relation to Subjective Sleep Quality," Sleep and Hypnosis, vol. 5, no. 3, 2003, pp. 145-153.

상세보기
H. Kim, "REM optimal sensoring devices sleeper pillow for the healthy development of the alarm function weather," J. of the Korea Institute of Electronic Communication Sciences, vol. 11, no. 2, 2016, pp. 223-228.

원문보기 상세보기
D. John and P. Freedson, "Actigraph and Actical Physical Activity Monitors: A Peek Under The Hood," Med. Sci. Sports Exerc. vol. 44, 2013, pp. 1-6.
J. Kim and W. Lee, "An User-aware System using Visible Light Communication," J. of the Korea Institute of Electronic Communication Sciences, vol. 14, no. 4, 2019, pp. 715-722.
W. Choi and K. Seok, "Survey on ways to improve the system in preparation for changes in the radio management system," J. of the Korea Institute of Electronic Communication Sciences, vol. 13, no. 6, 2018, pp. 1145-1154.
J. Yang, K. Seok, and H. Sin, "Technological and Social Significance of the Revision of the Radio Law," J. of the Korea Institute of Electronic Communication Sciences, vol. 14, no. 4, 2019, pp. 627-636.

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연합인증

가속도계를 이용한 수면 품질 측정을 위한 스마트 베개 설계
Design of a Smart Pillow for Sleep Quality Measurement using Accelerometer 원문보기

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가속도계를 이용한 수면 품질 측정을 위한 스마트 베개 설계 Design of a Smart Pillow for Sleep Quality Measurement using Accelerometer 원문보기

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가속도계를 이용한 수면 품질 측정을 위한 스마트 베개 설계
Design of a Smart Pillow for Sleep Quality Measurement using Accelerometer 원문보기

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