Moon, Seung Jin
(Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
,
Lee, Won Jai
(Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
,
Roh, Tai Suk
(Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
,
Baek, Wooyeol
(Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Institute for Human Tissue Restoration, Severance Hospital, Yonsei University College of Medicine)
Background: Repair of the orbital floor following trauma or tumor removal remains a challenge because of its complex three-dimensional shape. The purpose of the present study is to understand normal orbital floor anatomy by investigating its differences across four groups (Caucasian American and Eas...
Background: Repair of the orbital floor following trauma or tumor removal remains a challenge because of its complex three-dimensional shape. The purpose of the present study is to understand normal orbital floor anatomy by investigating its differences across four groups (Caucasian American and East Asian, males and females) via facial bone computed tomography (CT). Methods: A total of 48 orbits in 24 patients between 20 and 60 years of age were evaluated. Although most patients underwent CT scanning following trauma, the orbital walls were intact in all patients. Linear and angular measurements of the orbital floor were obtained from CT images. Results: Orbital floor width, length, angle between the orbital floor and medial wall, and distance from the inferior orbital rim to the lowest point of the orbital floor did not show a statistically significant difference between groups. Angles made by the infraorbital rim, the lowest point of the floor, and the anterior border of the infraorbital fissure were statistically significantly wider in East Asian females than in male groups. The floor depth in East Asian females was significantly smaller compared to all the other groups. Conclusion: East Asian female population had smaller curvature and depth of an orbital floor than the other groups, which means racial and sex-related differences should be considered in the orbital floor reconstruction.
Background: Repair of the orbital floor following trauma or tumor removal remains a challenge because of its complex three-dimensional shape. The purpose of the present study is to understand normal orbital floor anatomy by investigating its differences across four groups (Caucasian American and East Asian, males and females) via facial bone computed tomography (CT). Methods: A total of 48 orbits in 24 patients between 20 and 60 years of age were evaluated. Although most patients underwent CT scanning following trauma, the orbital walls were intact in all patients. Linear and angular measurements of the orbital floor were obtained from CT images. Results: Orbital floor width, length, angle between the orbital floor and medial wall, and distance from the inferior orbital rim to the lowest point of the orbital floor did not show a statistically significant difference between groups. Angles made by the infraorbital rim, the lowest point of the floor, and the anterior border of the infraorbital fissure were statistically significantly wider in East Asian females than in male groups. The floor depth in East Asian females was significantly smaller compared to all the other groups. Conclusion: East Asian female population had smaller curvature and depth of an orbital floor than the other groups, which means racial and sex-related differences should be considered in the orbital floor reconstruction.
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문제 정의
Some previous studies about orbital anatomy showed that the morphology of the orbit is heterogeneous and is potentially affected by sex, race, and age [12,13]. In this study, we focused on analyzing anatomical variations by sex and race of the orbital floor in EA and CA populations.
To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study investigating the racial and sex-related variation of orbital floor in the CA and EA populations. The length and width of the orbital floor and relationship between the medial and inferior walls were similar regardless of sex or race.
가설 설정
2. Definition of the anterior inferomedial angle.
4. Definition of the sagittal angle, the sagittal distance from the inferior orbital rim to the lowest point (SDIL), and the floor depth measured on the sagittal plane.
대상 데이터
A retrospective review including patients, ranging from 20 to 60 years of age, who had visited Yonsei University Severance Hospital and undergone facial CT scans between January 2017 and December 2019 was performed. Twelve East Asian (EA) and 12 Caucasian American (CA) adults (six men and six women in each group) were randomly selected for the study and patients with any abnormality of the orbit were excluded. GE Centricity PACS software (GE Healthcare, Chicago, IL, USA) was used to analyze all CT images.
데이터처리
While each measurement was similar to a normal distribution according to the normality test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk test), each of the four groups were compared by F-tests of one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe comparison. A posthoc ANOVA power analysis to determine if there was sufficient sample size to detect a statistical difference was performed using G*Power software version 3.1 (Dusseldorf, Germany). T-tests for mean difference were used when comparing any two groups.
In each patient, both right and left orbital floors were measured, and the average values were used for the analysis. While each measurement was similar to a normal distribution according to the normality test (Kolmogorov-Smirnov, Shapiro-Wilk test), each of the four groups were compared by F-tests of one-way analyses of variance (ANOVA) and Scheffe comparison. A posthoc ANOVA power analysis to determine if there was sufficient sample size to detect a statistical difference was performed using G*Power software version 3.
후속연구
However, in our study, there were statistically significant differences in some measurements between the males and the females, and we did not analyze age factor because of the small sample size. For further and accurate analysis of factors contributing to orbital floor anatomy, increasing the sample size across multiple ages will be needed in the future study.
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