[논문]왕겨숯과 톱밥을 이용하여 제조한 보드의 역학적 성능: 수지 및 톱밥첨가량의 영향

HWANG, Jung-Woo; OH, Seung-Won

doi:10.5658/wood.2020.48.5.696

왕겨숯과 톱밥을 이용하여 제조한 보드의 역학적 성능: 수지 및 톱밥첨가량의 영향
Mechanical Performances of Boards Made from Carbonized Rice Husk and Sawdust: The Effect of Resin and Sawdust Addition Ratio 원문보기

목재공학 = Journal of the Korean wood science and technology, v.48 no.5, 2020년, pp.696 - 709

HWANG, Jung-Woo (Department of Wood Science & Technology, Jeonbuk National University) , OH, Seung-Won (Department of Wood Science & Technology, Jeonbuk National University)

초록
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쌀의 도정과정에서 발생되는 농업부산물인 왕겨를 탄화시켜 만든 왕겨숯과 톱밥을 이용하여 수지 첨가율, 톱밥 첨가율별로 보드를 제조하고 수지와 톱밥 첨가율이 동적·정적탄성계수 및 휨강도에 미치는 영향과 동적탄성계수와 정적탄성계수 및 휨강도 사이의 관계를 조사하였다. 왕겨숯-톱밥 혼합보드의 페놀수지 첨가율이 10~25%로 증가할수록 휨성능이 증가하여 수지 첨가율이 휨성능에 크게 영향을 주었다. 톱밥 첨가율이 증가할수록 휨성능도 완만하게 증가하였지만, 톱밥첨가율과 휨강도, 동적 및 정적 휨 탄성계수 사이는 결정계수의 값(R²)은 0.4012, 0.0809, 0.1971로써 다소 낮은 상관관계를 나타내 톱밥 첨가율이 휨성능에 미치는 영향이 미비하였다. 왕겨숯-톱밥 혼합보드의 동적탄성계수와 정적탄성계수 및 휨강도 사이에 높은 상관관계가 확인되어 동적탄성계수로부터 비파괴적으로 정적탄성계수와 휨강도의 예측이 가능한 것으로 확인되었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

A board was manufactured for each resin and sawdust addition using the chaff made by carbonizing the chaff charcoal, an agricultural by-product that emerge during the rice pounding process, and sawdust. And effects of the additions of resin and sawdust on coefficients of dynamic and static modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, as well as the relationship between the dynamic modulus of elasticity, statis modulus of elasticity, and modulus of rupture were investigated. As phenol resin addition of chaff charcoal-sawdust compound board increases to 10~25%, the bending performance has increased. This suggests that resin addition largely effects the bending performance. Although the bending performance was gradually increased with the increase in sawdust addition, since the coefficients of determination (R2) between the sawdust addition with the coefficients of dynamic, static modulus of elasticity, and modulus of rupture were 0.4012, 0.0809, and 0.1971, respectively. Thus, it showed a relatively lower correlation, and the effect of sawdust on bending performance was small. Since a high correlation was confirmed between dynamic and static modulus of elasticity, and modulus of rupture of chaff charcoal-sawdust compound board, it was confirmed that prediction of static modulus of elasticity and modulus of rupture can be made in a nondestructive way from the dynamic modulus of elasticity.

주제어

표/그림 (7)

표 Table 1. Characteristics of phenol-formaldehyde resin for the test
표 Table 2. Properties of composite boards made at different resin addition ratio(f: resonant frequency, dMOE: dynamic modulus of elasticity, sMOE: static modulus of elasticity, MOR: modulus of rupture)
그림 Fig. 1. Relation between resin addition ratio and mechanical properties of composite boards(a: relation resin addition ratio density and modulus of rupture(MOR), b: relation between resin addition ratio and dynamic modulus of elasticity(dMOE), c: relation between resin addition ratio and static modulus of elasticity(sMOE)).
표 Table 3. Properties of composite boards made at different sawdust addition ratio(f: resonant frequency, dMOE: dynamic modulus of elasticity, sMOE: static modulus of elasticity, MOR: modulus of rupture)
그림 Fig. 2. Relation between sawdust addition ratio and mechanical properties of composite boards(a: relation sawdust addition ratio density and modulus of rupture(MOR), b: relation between sawdust addition ratio and dynamic modulus of elasticity(dMOE), c: relation between sawdust addition ratio and static modulus of elasticity(sMOE)).
그림 Fig. 3. Relation between dMOE and sMOE(a) and dMOE and MOR(b) for the composite boards.
표 Table 4. Summary of regression parameters for relationships between MOR, sMOE and dMOE(dMOE: dynamic modulus of elasticity, sMOE: static modulus of elasticity, MOR: modulus of rupture)

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문제 정의

2 shows the result of analyzing correlation between sawdust addition ratio, bending strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, and static modulus of elasticity of the board. The aim is to identify the effect of sawdust addition ratio on strength performance of the chaff charcoal-sawdust compound board. This figure reveals the coefficients of determination (R²) between sawdust addition ratio, bending strength, dynamic and static modulus of elasticity as 0.

제안 방법

The height of the upper sample was adjusted consistently, and the sample was thermo-pressure molded to manufacture the board with the dimension of 260 mm × 260 mm × 11 mm. For the manufacturing condition of the board, the density was fixated to 0.6 g/cm³, the sawdust addition as 10%, resin additions as 10, 15, 20 and 25%, and density as 0.6 g/cm³, resin addition as 10%, and sawdust additions as 10, 15, 20, 25 and 30%, producing four boards for each condition, total of 36 boards. At this point, the thermo pressure temperature was set at 190°C, the pressure was set at 45 kgf/㎠ → 35 kgf/ ㎠ → 20 kgf/㎠ (3-phase pressurization), and pressurization time as 6 minutes → 5 minutes → 4 minutes (3-phase pressurization time).
In this study the static modulus of elasticity, modulus of rupture, and bending strength of a chaff charcoal-sawdust compound board manufactured with differentiated additions of resin and sawdust are measured. Furthermore, it applied both-ends free bending vibration measuring method which is frequently used amongst nondestructive assessment methods to generate the resonant frequency.
, 2015). One method of assessments is using dynamic modulus of elasticity, and the dynamic modulus of elasticity is mostly estimated by measuring acoustic transfer speed or resonant frequency. The acoustic transfer speed can be estimated by using an impact hammer, and the resonant frequency can be estimated by frequency analysis of either vibration or impact hammer.
Furthermore, it applied both-ends free bending vibration measuring method which is frequently used amongst nondestructive assessment methods to generate the resonant frequency. Then, the frequency was used to calculate the dynamic modulus of elasticity, and analyzed its relationship with the bending strength characteristic.
This study used chaff charcoal made by carbonizing chaff, an agricultural by-product that emerges from rice pounding process, and sawdust to manufacture boards at different addition ratios of resin and sawdust. In addition, the study investigated the effects of resin and sawdust addition ratios on dynamic, static modulus of elasticity, and bending strength, as well as the relationship between the dynamic modulus of elasticity, the static modulus of elasticity, and the bending strength, and obtained the following results:

대상 데이터

For the chaff charcoal used for manufacturing the board, the charcoal from Daewon GSI Co., Ltd. located in Gyeongsangbuk-do was used. For the sawdust, the dust emerged during the sawing process of pinus radiata was received from a sawmill and utilized.

이론/모형

The bending strength experiment for the manufactured board was performed according to Korean Industrial Standard KS F 3104-2016. Universal strength tester (Shimadsu, AGS-10 kN, Autograph) was used to measure it with the condition of load speed at 10mm/min, and the equations (3) and (4) were used to estimate static modulus of elasticity (sMOE) and bending strength or Modulus of Rupture (MOR).

성능/효과

1) As resin addition ratio of the chaff charcoal-sawdust compound board increased to 10~25%, the bending performance increased, indicating that resin addition ratio largely effected the bending performance.
2) Although the bending performance increased gradually with the increase of sawdust addition ratio, the coefficients of determination (R2) between sawdust addition ratio, bending strength, dynamic and static modulus of elasticity were 0.4012, 0.0809, and 0.1971, respectively, indicating a relatively weak correlation and suggesting that sawdust addition ratio has a small effect on bending performance.
3) Since a high correlation is confirmed between the dynamic modulus of elasticity, the static modulus of elasticity, and bending strength of the chaff charcoal-sawdust compound board, it was confirmed that the static modulus of elasticity, and the bending strength can be predicted non-destructively from the dynamic modulus of elasticity.
92 MPa for static modulus of elasticity. Overall, it was indicated that resonance frequency, bending strength, dynamic modulus of elasticity, and static modulus of elasticity were all increased as the resin addition increased. This result showed a similar tendency with Kawai et al.
Table 4 indicates correlation between dynamic modulus of elasticity, static modulus of elasticity, and bending strength of the board manufactured at different addition ratios of resin and sawdust. The coefficients of determination (R²) in the relationship between dynamic modulus of elasticity, static modulus of elasticity, and bending strength of the entire chaff charcoal-sawdust compound boards manufactured at different resin addition ratios were 0.9521 and 0.8948, respectively, and it showed a quite high correlation with confidence level of 1%. Furthermore, the coefficients of determination (R²) in the relationship between dynamic modulus of elasticity, static modulus of elasticity, and bending strength of the entire compound boards manufactured at different sawdust addition ratios were 0.

참고문헌 (25)

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원문보기 상세보기
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원문보기 상세보기
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