[논문]수정진동자미세저울을 활용한 폴리스티렌 나노플라스틱의 SiO2 표면흡착 연구 가능성

명현아; 김주혁; 이진용; 권기덕

doi:10.22807/kjmp.2021.34.4.265

수정진동자미세저울을 활용한 폴리스티렌 나노플라스틱의 SiO2 표면흡착 연구 가능성
Research Possibility of Using Quartz Crystal Microbalance for Polystyrene Nanoplastics Adsorption to SiO2 Surface 원문보기

광물과 암석 = Korean journal of mineralogy and petrology, v.34 no.4, 2021년, pp.265 - 275

명현아 (강원대학교 자연과학대학 지질학과) , 김주혁 (강원대학교 자연과학대학 지질학과) , 이진용 (강원대학교 자연과학대학 지질학과) , 권기덕 (강원대학교 자연과학대학 지질학과)

초록
AI-Helper

토양과 지하수에서 미세플라스틱과 나노플라스틱이 검출되면서 자연환경에서의 플라스틱 입자에 대한 거동 연구 필요성이 강조되고 있다. 자연환경에서 풍화과정을 통해 생성되는 2차 나노플라스틱은 그 양이 많을 것으로 예상되지만, 토양과 지하수 내 나노플라스틱에 대한 연구는 분석 기술의 제약으로 인해 플라스틱 거동 연구가 부족한 상태이다. 이번 연구에서는 수 ng/cm² 수준의 흡착량을 측정할 수 있는 수정진동자미세저울(quartz crystal microbalance, QCM)의 광물표면-나노플라스틱 상호작용 규명연구 활용 가능성을 확인하였다. 일반 컬럼실험에서는 SiO₂ 표면과 폴리스티렌(polystyrene) 나노플라스틱의 흡착을 관찰하기 위해 담수나 지하수의 이온세기 수준을 넘거나 높은 농도의 나노플라스틱을 주입하는데, 이번 QCM 실험에서는 컬럼실험에서 측정이 불가능한 낮은 이온세기와 플라스틱 농도에서 나노플라스틱의 흡착량을 측정할 수 있었다. 광물표면과 나노플라스틱의 상호작용 나아가 토양과 지하수 자연환경에서 나노플라스틱 거동을 이해하는 데 QCM 연구가 크게 기여할 것으로 기대된다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Findings of microplastics and nanoplastics from diverse natural environments have increased demand for research of the fate and transport of the potentially toxic plastic particles in soils and groundwater. Weathering of microplastics would generate a significant amount of nanoplastics, but nanoplastics research is scarce because of technical difficulties in detecting nanoplastics in environments and analyzing nanoplastics adsorption to mineral surfaces. In the current study, we tested a possibility using quartz crystal microbalance (QCM) for application to nanoplastics adsorption analysis on mineral surfaces. In silica (SiO2)-packed column experiments, a measurable adsorption capacity for polystyrene nanoparticles often requires injection of unrealistically high ionic strengths or concentrated nanoplastic particles. The current test shows that QCM can measure polystyrene nanoplastics adsorbed onto SiO2 surface under the low ionic strengths and nanoplastics concentrations, where typical column experiments cannot. QCM is a promising tool for understanding the interaction between nanoplastics and mineral surfaces and thus transport of nanoplastics in soils and groundwater.

주제어

표/그림 (7)

그림 Fig. 1. Schematics of a QCM flow cell with nanoplastic particles in (a) normal mode and (b) inverted mode measurements. In the inverted mode, gravitational sedimentation effect reduces diffusion-driven adsorption of nanoplastic particles to a sensor surface.
그림 Fig. 2. SEM images (SEI) of (a) amine-functionalized polystyrene (APS) nanoplastic particles adsorbed onto a QCM Au sensor surface and (b) polystyrene (PS) nanoplastic particles adsorbed onto a QCM SiO₂ sensor surface.
표 Table 1. Particle sizes (in nm) of polystyrene (PS) and amine-functionalized PS (APS) nanoplastics measured with scanning electron microscopy (SEM), dynamic light scattering (DLS), and nanoparticle tracking analysis (NTA) techniques
그림 Fig. 3. Measured (a) particle sizes and (b) zeta potentials of polystyrene (PS) nanoplastic particles and amine-functionalized polystyrene (APS) nanoplastic particles as a function of NaCl concentration. Zeta potentials of SiO₂ are from Gomez-Floreset al. (2020).
그림 Fig. 4. QCM results for amine-functionalized polystyrene (APS) nanoplastic particles onto Au surface measured in a normal or inverted mode with a variation in the APS suspension flow rate (50, 100, and 150 μL/min).
그림 Fig. 5. (a) Collector efficiencies driven by diffusion and gravitational sedimentation processes and (b) vertical travel distances driven by diffusion process at different flow rates, which were obtained from amine-functionalized polystyrene adsorption onto Au surface.
그림 Fig. 6. QCM results for polystyrene (PS) nanoplastics adsorption onto SiO₂ surface at different NaCl concentrations of nanoplastics suspension. The injection time of PS nanoparticles suspension is denoted by an arrow.

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