[논문]농촌 도로 포장용 준고온 아스팔트 콘크리트 적용 평가

이성진; 김광우; 김성운

doi:10.5389/ksae.2021.63.2.041

농촌 도로 포장용 준고온 아스팔트 콘크리트 적용 평가
Evaluation for Application of Warm-mix Asphalt Concrete for Rural Road Pavement 원문보기

한국농공학회논문집 = Journal of the Korean Society of Agricultural Engineers, v.63 no.2, 2021년, pp.41 - 50

이성진 (Korea Expressway Corporation Research Institute) , 김광우 (Department of Regional Infrastructures Engineering, Kangwon National University) , 김성운 (Department of Regional Infrastructures Engineering, Kangwon National University)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The asphalt pavement industry has introduced the warm-mix asphalt (WMA) as a mean of energy saving and environmentally safe technology, because the WMA mixture can be mixed and compacted at 30℃ lower than conventional hot-mix asphalt (HMA) at 160℃ or higher. The implementation of WMA can be a good option for paving operations for rural road in remote place, not only due to energy saving and environmental issues, but also lower working temperature. Using WMA technology, the cooled-down asphalt mixture can be still compacted to meet the quality requirement in narrow winding rural road in remote places. Therefore, this study is designed to evaluate engineering properties of WMA binders and concretes, which were prepared for rural road pavement. The objective of the study was to evaluate and suggest proper fundamental properties level of the WMA concrete for rural road pavement. The kinematic viscosity test result indicated that the WMA binders used in this study were effective for compaction at lower temperature, i.e., at 115℃, compared to the HMA binder. According to strength property analyses, it was found that the WMA concrete was acceptable for rural road pavement even though it was compacted at 30℃ lower level. Since the deformation strength (SD) of 3.2 MPa was found to satisfy rutting and cracking resistance minimum guidelines, this value was suggested as a minimum SD value for rural road pavement, considering lack of maintenance program for rural area.

주제어

표/그림 (14)

그림 Fig. 1 Photographs showing (a) Evotherm (EV) and (b) K-Pearl (KP)
그림 Fig. 2 (a) Kim Test setting and (b) P-v curve acquired from a Kim Test
표 Table 1 Binder designation and description
그림 Fig. 3 Indirect tensile strength test setting
그림 Fig. 4 Comparison of kinematic viscosity of HMA and WMA binders
표 Table 2 Test results of kinematic viscosity and PG for various binders
그림 Fig. 5 Comparison of deformation strength (S_D) of HMA and WMA concretes
표 Table 3 Mix-designed physical properties of various mixtures
표 Table 4 Test results of asphalt concrete properties
그림 Fig. 6 Comparison of wheel tracking (WT) rut depth of HMA and WMA concretes
그림 Fig. 7 Comparison of tensile strength (S_T) of HMA and WMA concretes
표 Table 5 Test results of tensile strength ratio (TSR) of HMA and WMA concretes
그림 Fig. 8 Relation of WT rut depth and S_D of WMA concrete
그림 Fig. 9 Relation of S_T and S_D of WMA concrete

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문제 정의

This study is designed to evaluate the engineering properties of WMA binders and WMA concretes (including moisture resistance), which were prepared to use for rural road pavement. The objective of this study is to evaluate and suggest the proper fundamental property level of the WMA concrete for rural road pavement.

가설 설정

1. The kinematic viscosity of PG 64-22 WMA binders can be drop as much as 27% than HMA binders at 115^oC by the addition of warm-mix additives used in this study. This reduction can provide good compaction quality for WMA mixes at cooler temperature.

제안 방법

The data used in this study were from a wheel tracker that consisted of a steel wheel (200 ㎜ in diameter and 50 ㎜ in width) rolling on top of a slab specimen on a base plate moving with a 200 ㎜ stroke back and forth. A WT test was performed for 7, 200 passes at 60oC at a speed of 40 cycle/min for 90 minutes, with a pressure of 689.4 kPa (100 psi). The final rut depth data at 3, 600 cycles were used for analysis.
In this study, to examine durability of asphalt concrete for rural road pavement, the tensile strength ratio (TSR) was evaluated after freezing-and-thawing (F-T) conditioning. Since the lower strength asphalt concrete shows, in general, lower durability during in service in the pavement, a WMA mixture, which showed lower strength values (_ and _) on theaverage, was only selected to evaluate TSR.
For mix-design, the specimen was compacted by 75 gyrations using a Superpave gyratory compactor. The optimum asphalt content (OAC) of HMA was determined using the specification limits of four properties; the air-void ratio, void in mineral aggregate (VMA), voids filled with asphalt (VFA) and the deformation strength (S_D). The OAC was selected at the air-void ratio of 4%, as long as VFA and VMA satisfied specification limits by the Korean Guide (MLIT, 2017).
, 2004(a); 2004(b)). This study examined correlation of WT rut depth and S_T with S_D using WMA concrete data only (Figs. 8 and 9).
This study is designed to evaluate the engineering properties of WMA binders and WMA concretes (including moisture resistance), which were prepared to use for rural road pavement. The objective of this study is to evaluate and suggest the proper fundamental property level of the WMA concrete for rural road pavement.

대상 데이터

2019M3E8A1067629). And this research was performed using facilities of the Advanced Construction Research Center at Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea.
The rut depth data collected from wheel paths under the simulated conditions are assumed to indicate the rut characteristics of the asphalt concrete in the field (Brown and Gibb, 1996). The data used in this study were from a wheel tracker that consisted of a steel wheel (200 ㎜ in diameter and 50 ㎜ in width) rolling on top of a slab specimen on a base plate moving with a 200 ㎜ stroke back and forth. A WT test was performed for 7, 200 passes at 60oC at a speed of 40 cycle/min for 90 minutes, with a pressure of 689.
The two WMA additives (Fig. 1) include Evotherm (EV), the emulsion type additive, and K-Pearl (KP), the wax and oil-based pellet-type additive were used for producing WMA mixtures. EV was melted into the heated asphalt at 160^oC and blended with a spatula for 3-5 minutes before use.

성능/효과

2. The S_D, WT and S_T test results of WMA concretes were found to be similar to or better than those of HMA concretes. Even though the mixture was produced at 30oC lower temperatures than HMA, the properties were equivalent to or better than those of HMA.
3. Therefore, it is concluded that WMA concretes evaluated in this study is useful for rural road pavement, because they are compacted well at a much lower temperature than HMA in the rural working condition where the quality control (particularly for temperature control) is not often properly provided.
4. The S_D value of 3.2 MPa was suggested as the minimum strength guideline for rural road pavement. Considering the lack of an official maintenance program for rural roads in most cases, this level of S_D is considered as an initial strength value that can maintain the pavement serviceability without cracking and rutting.
Since a HMA and a WMA were below 75%, which is the limit value of TSR by AASHTO (2014), those mixes were not satisfactory without hydrated lime (HL). However, by adding HL by 1 wt % of total mix, the TSR levels for both WMA mixes were improved to be superior levels, i.e., 97% or higher. If an asphalt concrete shows high TSR level, the pavement serviceability life will be extended with great durability under freezing weather condition.
0% lower than HMA binder at 115^oC, but similar to each other at 135^oC. The test result indicated that the WMA binders used in this study will be more effective for compaction at lower temperature, i.e., at 115^oC, than the HMA binder.

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