[논문]Epidemiology and Incidence of Orthopedic Fractures in the Military of the Republic of Korea

An, Sung-Jin; Lee, Sang Hyun; Moon, Gi-Ho

doi:10.20408/jti.2020.0046

Epidemiology and Incidence of Orthopedic Fractures in the Military of the Republic of Korea 원문보기

Journal of trauma and injury : JTI, v.34 no.1, 2021년, pp.50 - 56

An, Sung-Jin (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Armed Forces Capital Hospital) , Lee, Sang Hyun (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Pusan National University Hospital, Pusan National University School of Medicine) , Moon, Gi-Ho (Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Armed Forces Capital Hospital)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Purpose: Fractures are common in the military population, but limited studies have investigated the incidence of fractures among Korean military personnel. Hence, this study aimed to clarify this issue. Methods: Eligible subjects were patients who had sustained a fracture and were registered in the N-DEMIS (the medical records system of participating hospitals) from June 2017 to May 2019. Fractures were categorized according to the fracture site, patients' age, sex, and type of duty. Results: In total, 23,687 patients with 23,981 fractures were included. There were 216 patients with multiple fractures, of whom 156 had fractures at two sites, 42 had fractures at three sites, and 18 had fractures at four sites. Of the 23,687 patients, 23,340 were men and 347 were women. The incidence of fractures in men and women was 12.96 per 1,000 person-years and 0.19 per 1,000 person-years, respectively. In terms of the broad location of fractures, the percentage of fractures was the highest in the hand, followed by the foot and lower leg. When the location of fractures was analyzed more specifically, the percentage of fractures was the highest in the phalanx (thumb and fingers), followed by the ankle and metacarpal bones. Conclusions: Hand, foot, ankle, and wrist fractures were the most commonly encountered fractures in the Korean military population. To prevent the loss of combat power due to non-battle-related injuries, thorough preparation is necessary, including protective equipment and preliminary training for areas with a high frequency of fracture occurrence.

주제어

표/그림 (3)

$Table 1. Epidemiology and incidence rate of fractures in Korean military personnel$ 표 Table 1. Epidemiology and incidence rate of fractures in Korean military personnel
$Table 2. Distribution of fractures by sex in Korean military personnel$ 표 Table 2. Distribution of fractures by sex in Korean military personnel
표 Table 3. Distribution according to age

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문제 정의

Despite the above limitations, it is worth mentioning that no previous study has investigated the overall incidence and pattern of fractures in the Korean military; therefore, this study makes a meaningful contribution to our knowledge of the incidence of fractures in the Korean military.
Another study has shown that the difference in the rate of musculoskeletal injuries, such as fractures, may be explained by the age and range of activities required for military personnel compared with civilians [4].This study aimed to identify the distribution and incidence rate of fractures in the military population in Korea.

제안 방법

Fractures were categorized according to the site at which they occurred (the upper extremity, lower extremity, spine, and pelvis). Upper extremity fractures were classified into fractures of the humerus, scapula, clavicle, fore- arm, and hand, and lower extremity fractures were classified into fractures of the femur, lower leg, patella, and foot (as the broad categorization).
This study investigated the population of patients with fractures in the Korean military forces and identified that the most common site for fracture occurrence was the hand, followed by the foot, ankle, and wrist. The types of fractures were further classified, and phalanx (thumb and finger) fractures were found to be the most common.

대상 데이터

A total of 23, 687 patients, from an annual average of 600, 000 military personnel, sustained fractures. There were 23, 340 men and 347 women, with an incidence rate of 12.
Factures in the hand were further classified into the carpal bone, metacarpal bone, and phalanx and those in the foot were further classified into the tarsal, metatarsal, and phalanx (as the second catego- rization). The patients were divided into eight groups according to age: <20 years, 20–29 years, 30–39 years, 40–49 years, and ≥50 years. They were also divided into three groups according to the branch of service (Army, Navy, or Air Force).

성능/효과

65 per 1,000 person-years, respectively [5]. According to these results, men in the military population had a higher incidence rate of fractures than men in the civilian population, while women in the military population showed a lower incidence rate than women in the civilian population. Wennergren et al.
6% of all fractures involved the phalanx (toe) in the civilian population during a 1-year period [5]. Our results showed a similar proportion of metatarsal bone fractures (7.78%), but higher proportions of ankle and toe fractures in the military forces (13.9% and 7.57%, respectively).
An explanation for this finding is that the relatively young and active group of military personnel have job-related upper extremity demands [9]. The result in our study showed an incidence rate of clavicle fractures of 0.94 per 1,000 person-years, which is similar to the rate reported in the aforementioned study.

후속연구

This will help reduce the incidence rate of fractures, prevent non-battle-related injuries, and keep the military combat-ready. Further studies are needed to find effective ways of reducing the incidence of non-combat fractures in the Korean military and to compare fracture patterns between Korean and foreign soldiers.
There are many causes of fractures that occur in military personnel, including training, broken tools, and explosions, and the precise distribution of types of fractures and fracture sites depends on the causes. Therefore, further studies are needed to identify the causes of different types of fractures and to reduce the risk of fractures during training and du- ties. This will help reduce the incidence rate of fractures, prevent non-battle-related injuries, and keep the military combat-ready.

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