[논문]한국토종닭의 깃털 발육성 반성 유전자를 이용한 자가성감별 계통 조성

권재현; 최은식; 손시환

doi:10.5536/kjps.2021.48.1.41

[국내논문] 한국토종닭의 깃털 발육성 반성 유전자를 이용한 자가성감별 계통 조성
Establishment of Korean Native Chicken Auto-Sexing Lines Using Sex-Linked Feathering Gene 원문보기

한국가금학회지 = Korean journal of poultry science, v.48 no.1, 2021년, pp.41 - 50

권재현 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과) , 최은식 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과) , 손시환 (경남과학기술대학교 동물생명과학과)

초록
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최근 병아리의 성 감별은 닭의 반성유전자를 이용한 깃털 감별법이 산업적으로 널리 이용되고 있으나, 한국토종닭에서는 아직 깃털 감별법이 활용되지 않고 있다. 따라서 본 연구에서는 한국토종닭의 깃털 감별의 산업적 적용을 위하여 닭의 조우성과 만우성 유전자를 이용한 자가성감별 계통을 조성하고자 한 것이다. 기초 계군으로 한국재래닭 적갈색종 557수를 대상으로 하여 조우성과 만우성의 유전자 빈도를 분석한 결과, 각각 0.814와 0.186으로 추정되어 본 집단으로 깃털자가성감별 계통의 구축이 가능한 것으로 판단되었고, 이를 바탕으로 조우성 부계통과 만우성 모계통의 종계 계군을 조성하였다. 모계통 조성에 이용할 만우성 동형접합체(KK) 수컷 선발을 위하여 검정교배를 실시한 결과 40수 중3수가 동형접합개체로 확인되었다. 조우성 종계와 만우성 종계 간의 생산능력을 비교하기 위하여 생존율, 체중, 초산일령, 산란율 및 난중을 분석한 결과, 조우성 닭은 생존율이 우수하였고, 만우성 닭은 산란율이 우수한 것으로 나타났으나, 다른 생산능력에서는 조우성과 만우성 닭 간에 차이가 없는 것으로 나타났다. 더불어 조성된 깃털 자가성감별 계통으로부터 생산된 병아리의 암수 감별의 유효성을 검정한 결과, 98.6%의 감별 일치율을 보였다. 따라서 한국토종닭을 이용한 깃털 자가성감별계통 조성 가능성과 더불어 이의 산업적 활용 가능성을 제시한다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Although feather-sexing using sex-linked genes related to feather development is a widely used chick sexing method in the poultry industry, the feather-sexing method has yet to be used for Korean native chickens (KNCs). The purpose of this study was to construct a KNC feather-sexing line using early-feathering (EF) and late-feathering (LF) genes for industrial application. Using 557 reddish-brown KNCs as the basal flock, frequencies of the EF (k) and LF (K) genes were estimated to be 0.814 and 0.186, respectively. This indicating that it would be feasible to construct a feather-sexing line using this chicken group, and we accordingly constructed EF paternal and LF maternal lines. On the basis of test-cross for the selection of LF homozygous (KK) males in the maternal line, we confirmed that three of 40 chickens were homozygous males. The survival rate, body weight, days at first egg-laying, hen-day egg production, and egg weight were analyzed to compare the production performance of EF and LF chickens. The results revealed that EF chickens were characterized by a superior survival rate, whereas LF chickens were superior in terms of egg production rate. However, no differences between LF and EF chickens were detected with respect to other production performance parameters. In addition, assessment of the fitness of sexed chicks produced in the established KNC feather-sexing lines revealed that the accuracy of sexing was 98.6%. Collectively, these findings indicate the feasibility of constructing effective KNC feather-sexing lines with potential industrial application.

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표/그림 (9)

그림 Fig. 1. Wing feather pattern of early-feathering chick (a) and late-feathering chick (b) at one-day old.
표 Table 1. Distribution of early- and late-feathering chickens and genotype frequency of feathering gene in fundamental Korean native chicken population
표 Table 2. Number of chicks with feathering patterns which produced from crossing between homozygous(KK) and heterozygous(Kk) late-feathering paternal chickens and early-feathering(k^-) maternal chickens
표 Table 3. Survival rates of early-feathering (EF) and late-feathering (LF) Korean native chickens
표 Table 4. Body weights of early-feathering (EF) and late-feathering (LF) Korean native chickens
표 Table 5. Egg production performance of early-feathering (EF) and late-feathering (LF) Korean native chickens
표 Table 6. The incidence and frequency of offspring produced by parental mating combinations according to feathering type
그림 Fig. 2. The results of feathering types by polymerase chain reaction using the specific primer of late-feathering gene. M: 100 bp size marker, Lane 1, 3, 5; early-feathering chicken (EF), Lane 2, 4, 6; late-feathering chicken (LF)
표 Table 7. Chi-square values and probabilities of fitness for expected and observed values in progenies which produced by crossing of early-feathering chickens (EF) and late-feathering chickens (LF)

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용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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