[논문]황산철(III)용액에서 란타넘(III)의 선택적 침전 분리

송시정; 이만승

doi:10.7844/kirr.2021.30.2.31

황산철(III)용액에서 란타넘(III)의 선택적 침전 분리
Separation of Lanthanum(III) by Selective Precipitation from Sulfuric Acid Solution Containing Iron(III) 원문보기

Resources recycling = 자원리싸이클링, v.30 no.2, 2021년, pp.31 - 38

송시정 (목포대학교 공과대학 신소재공학과) , 이만승 (목포대학교 공과대학 신소재공학과)

초록
AI-Helper

철(III)과 란타넘(III)이 혼합된 황산용액에서 황산나트륨에 의한 란타넘 복염의 침전 및 분리를 조사했다. 복염 침전에 영향을 줄 수 있는 여러 요인 중 황산나트륨 및 란타넘(III)의 농도, 반응온도 및 시간, 그리고 철(III) 농도에 대해 조사했다. 용액 중 Na+, SO42- 이온 및 란타넘(III) 농도가 높을수록 희토류 복염의 침전률이 증가했고, 반응온도가 100℃까지 증가함에 따라 란타넘 황산염 이온의 형성을 촉진해 희토류 복염의 침전률이 증가했다. 또한 반응시간이 증가할수록 철(III)의 침전률이 감소해 3시간 이후에는 거의 침전되지 않았고, 철(III) 농도는 복염 침전에 큰 영향을 미치지 않았다. 황산용액에 황산나트륨을 첨가하면 란타넘(III)을 선택적으로 침전시켜 철(III)과 분리할 수 있다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

To investigate the separation of La(III) from sulfuric acid solutions containing Fe(III), rare earth double salt precipitation experiments were performed by adding sodium sulfate. In this work, the effect of sodium sulfate, Fe(III), and La(III) concentrations; reaction temperature; and time was investigated. The extent of precipitation of La(III) was proportional to the concentrations of Na+ and SO42- in the solution. As the reaction temperature increased to 100 ℃, the extent of precipitation of La(III) increased. The extent of precipitation of Fe(III) decreased with increasing reaction time. The concentration ratio of Fe(III) to La(III) did not have a significant effect on the precipitation of La(III). Our results indicate that it is possible to separate La(III) from a ferric sulfate solution through selective precipitation by adding sodium sulfate.

주제어

표/그림 (11)

$Fig. 1. X-ray diffraction of the precipitation residues of rare earth double salt ([H2SO4] = 0.1 M; [Aqueous] = Fe(III) 1 g/L, La(III) 0.5 g/L; 5 wt% Na2SO4; 80℃; 3 h).$ 그림 Fig. 1. X-ray diffraction of the precipitation residues of rare earth double salt ([H₂SO₄] = 0.1 M; [Aqueous] = Fe(III) 1 g/L, La(III) 0.5 g/L; 5 wt% Na₂SO₄; 80℃; 3 h).
그림 Fig. 2. Effect of the molar ratio of Na(I) to La(III) on the precipitation percentage of metals ([H₂SO₄] = 0.1-1 M; [Aqueous] = Fe(III) 1 g/L, La(III) 0.5 g/L; 1-10 wt% Na₂SO₄; 80℃; 1 h).
그림 Fig. 3. Effect of the molar ratio of Na(I) to La(III) on the precipitation percentage of metals ([H₂SO₄] = 0.1-1 M; [Aqueous] = Fe(III) 1 g/L, La(III) 1 g/L; 1-10 wt% Na₂SO₄; 80℃; 1 h).
그림 Fig. 4. Effect of the molar ratio of sulfuric acid to La(III) on precipitation percentage of metals ([H₂SO₄] = 0.1-1 M; [Aqueous] = Fe(III) 1 g/L, La(III) 0.5 g/L; 1-10 wt% Na₂SO₄; 80℃; 1 h).
그림 Fig. 5. Effect of the molar ratio of sulfuric acid to La(III) on the precipitation percentage of metals ([H₂SO₄] = 0.1-1 M; [Aqueous] = Fe(III) 1 g/L, La(III) 1 g/L; 1-10 wt% Na₂SO₄; 80℃; 1 h).
그림 Fig. 6. Effect of La(III) concentration on the precipitation percentage of metals ([H₂SO₄] = 0.1 M; [Aqueous] = Fe(III) 1 g/L, La(III) 0.1-1 g/L; 5 wt% Na₂SO₄; 80℃; 1 h).
그림 Fig. 7. Effect of reaction temperature on the precipitation percentage of metals ([H₂SO₄] = 0.1 M; [Aqueous] = Fe(III) 1 g/L, La(III) 0.5 g/L; 5 wt% Na₂SO₄; 25-100℃; 1 h).
그림 Fig. 8. Effect of reaction time on the precipitation percentage of metals ([H₂SO₄] = 0.1 M; [Aqueous] = Fe(III) 1 g/L, La(III) 0.5 g/L; 5 wt% Na₂SO₄; 80℃; 10-180 min).
표 Table 1. The dependence of the solubility of sulfates on temperature (g/L)^21,24)
표 Table 2. The stability constants of sulfate complexes for La³⁺ at several temperatures²³⁾
그림 Fig. 9. Effect of Fe(III) concentration on the precipitation percentage of metals ([H₂SO₄] = 0.1 M; [Aqueous] = Fe(III) 0-3 g/L, La(III) 0.5 g/L; 5 wt% Na₂SO₄; 80℃; 3 h).

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