[논문]서울 수도권 지역의 토지 피복 변화가 여름철 도시열섬 강도와 체감온도에 미치는 영향

홍선옥; 변재영; 김도형; 이상삼; 김연희

doi:10.14191/atmos.2021.31.2.143

[국내논문] 서울 수도권 지역의 토지 피복 변화가 여름철 도시열섬 강도와 체감온도에 미치는 영향
Effects of Land Cover Change on Summer Urban Heat Island Intensity and Heat Index in Seoul Metropolitan Area, Korea 원문보기

대기 = Atmosphere, v.31 no.2, 2021년, pp.143 - 156

홍선옥 (국립기상과학원 미래기반연구부) , 변재영 (국립기상과학원 미래기반연구부) , 김도형 (국립기상과학원 미래기반연구부) , 이상삼 (국립기상과학원 미래기반연구부) , 김연희 (국립기상과학원 미래기반연구부)

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study investigates the impacts of land cover change due to urbanization on the Urban Heat Island Intensity (UHII) and the Heat Index (HI) over the Seoul metropolitan area using the Unified Model (UM) with the Met Office Reading Urban Surface Exchange Scheme (MORUSES) during the heat wave from 16, July to 5, August 2018. Two simulations are performed with the late 1980s land-use (EXP1980) and the late 2000s land-use (EXP2000). EXP2000 is verified using Automatic Weather Station (AWS) data from 85 points in the study area, and observation sites are classified into two categories according to the urban fraction change over 20 years; Category A is 0.2 or less increase, and Category B is 0.2 or more increase. The 1.5-m temperature and relative humidity in Category B increase by up to 1.1℃ and decreased by 7% at 1900 LST and 2000 LST, respectively. This means that the effect of the urban fraction changes is higher at night. UHII increases by up to 0.3℃ in Category A and 1.3℃ in Category B at 1900 LST. Analysis of the surface energy balance shows that the heat store for a short time during the daytime and release at nighttime with upward sensible heat flux. As a result of the HI, there is no significant difference between the two experiments during the daytime, but it increases 1.6℃ in category B during the nighttime (2200 LST). The results indicate that the urbanization increase both UHII, and HI, but the times of maximum difference between EXP1980 and EXP2000 are different.

Keyword

표/그림 (14)

그림 Fig. 1. The domains of the Unified Model simulations and the study area. Blue color indicates Category A sites, red color indicates Category B sites.
$Fig. 2. Spatial distribution of urban fraction for (a) late 1980s, (b) late 2000s, and (c) difference between late 1980s and 2000s.$ 그림 Fig. 2. Spatial distribution of urban fraction for (a) late 1980s, (b) late 2000s, and (c) difference between late 1980s and 2000s.
표 Table 1. Look up table from 7 categories of the Ministry of Environment level 0 data (EGIS) to 9 categories of Unified Model.
$Fig. 3. AWS observation site with fraction of urban land-use in EXP1980 and EXP2000. Blue color indicates Category A, red color indicates Category B.$ 그림 Fig. 3. AWS observation site with fraction of urban land-use in EXP1980 and EXP2000. Blue color indicates Category A, red color indicates Category B.
$Table 2. Categories with the difference fraction of urban (fu) between late of the 1980s and 2000s [fu(EXP2000) - fu(EXP1980)], Average of urban fraction change.$ 표 Table 2. Categories with the difference fraction of urban (f_u) between late of the 1980s and 2000s [f_u(EXP2000) - f_u(EXP1980)], Average of urban fraction change.
그림 Fig. 4. Spatial distribution of 1.5-m temperature (ºC) during the entire period of simulation for (a) EXP1980, (b) EXP2000, and (c) difference between EXP1980 and EXP2000.
그림 Fig. 5. Spatial distribution of relative humidity (%) during the entire period of simulation for (a) EXP1980, (b) EXP2000, and (c) difference between EXP1980 and EXP2000.
표 Table 3. RMSE and MBE of (a) 1.5-m temperature (ºC) and (b) relative humidity (%) for EXP2000.
그림 Fig. 6. Mean diurnal variation of simulated 1.5-m temperature (ºC) over observation site of (a) Category A [f_u(2000- 1980) < 0.2] and (b) Category B [f_u(2000-1980) ≥ 0.2] during the entire period of simulation. Blue line and red line indicate EXP1980 and EXP2000, respectively. White bar plot indicate difference of 1.5-m temperature (ºC) between EXP1980 and EXP2000.
그림 Fig. 7. Mean diurnal variation of simulated relative humidity (%) over observation site of (a) Category A (f_u(2000-1980) < 0.2) and (b) Category B (f_u(2000-1980) ≥ 0.2) during the entire period of simulation. Blue line and red line indicate EXP1980 and EXP2000, respectively. White bar plot indicate difference of relative humidity (%) between EXP1980 and EXP2000.
그림 Fig. 8. Mean diurnal variation of simulated (a) latent heat flux, (b) storage heat flux, (c) sensible heat flux, and (d) ground heat flux for EXP1980, EXP2000, and difference between EXP1980 and EXP2000 over sites of Category B during the entire period of simulation.
그림 Fig. 9. Mean diurnal variation of simulated UHII (ºC) over site of (a) Category A and (b) Category B for EXP1980, EXP2000, and difference between EXP1980 and EXP2000 during the entire period of simulation.
그림 Fig. 10. Mean diurnal variation of simulated HI (ºC) over site of (a) Category A and (b) Category B for EXP1980, EXP2000, and difference of HI (ºC) between EXP1980 and EXP2000 during the entire period of simulation.
그림 Fig. 11. Mean diurnal variation of simulated 1.5-m temperature (ºC) and relative humidity (%) with HI (ºC) contour over site of (a) Category A and (b) Category B for EXP1980, EXP2000 during the entire period of simulation.

참고문헌 (43)

Basara, J. B., H. G. Basara, B. G. Illston, and K. C. Crawford, 2010: The impact of the urban heat island during an intense heat wave in Oklahoma City. Adv. Meteorol., 2010, 230365, doi:10.1155/2010/230365.

상세보기
Best, M J., 2005: Representing urban areas within operational numerical weather prediction models. Bound.- Layer Meteor., 114, 91-109.
Best, M J., and Coauthors, 2011: The Joint UK Land Environment Simulator (JULES), model description - Part 1: Energy and water fluxes. Geosci. Model Dev., 4, 677-699, doi:10.5194/gmd-4-677-2011.

상세보기
Bhati, S., and M. Mohan, 2018: WRF-urban canopy model evaluation for the assessment of heat island and thermal comfort over an urban airshed in India under varying land use/land cover conditions. Geosci. Lett., 5, 27, doi:10.1186/s40562-018-0126-7.

상세보기
Bohnenstengel, S. I., S. Evans, P. A. Clark, and S. E. Belcher, 2011: Simulations of the London urban heat island. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 137, 1625-1640, doi:10.1002/qj.855.

상세보기
Chen, F., and Coauthors, 2011: The integrated WRF/urban modelling system: development, evaluation, and applications to urban environmental problems. Int. J. Climatol., 31, 273-288, doi:10.1002/joc.2158.

상세보기
Chen, F., X. Yang, and W. Zhu, 2014: WRF simulations of urban heat island under hot-weather synoptic conditions: The case study of Hangzhou City, China. Atmos. Res., 138, 364-377, doi:10.1016/j.atmosres.2013.12.005.

상세보기
Conti, S., P. Meli, G. Minelli, R. Solimini, V. Toccaceli, M. Vichi, C. Beltrano, and L. Perini, 2005: Epidemiologic study of mortality during the summer 2003 heat wave in Italy. Environ. Res., 98, 390-399.

상세보기
Davies, T., M. J. P. Cullen, A. J. Malcolm, M. H. Mawson, A. Staniforth, A. A. White, and N. Wood, 2005: A new dynamical core for the Met Office's global and regional modelling of the atmosphere. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 131, 1759-1782.

상세보기
Edwards, J. M., and A. Slingo, 1996: Studies with a flexible new radiation code. I: Choosing a configuration for a large-scale model. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 122, 689-719.

상세보기
Grimmond, C. S. B., and T. R. Oke, 1999: Heat storage in urban areas: local-scale observations and evaluation of a simple model. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 38, 922-240.
Grover, A., and R. B. Singh, 2015: Analysis of urban heat island (UHI) in relation to normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI): A comparative study of Delhi and Mumbai. Environments, 2, 125-138, doi:10.3390/environments2020125.

상세보기
Hong, J.-W., J. Hong, S.-E. Lee, and J. Lee, 2013: Spatial distribution of Urban Heat Island based on local climate zone of automatic weather station in Seoul metropolitan area. Atmosphere, 23, 413-424, doi:10.14191/Atmos.2013.23.4.413 (in Korean with English abstract).

원문보기 상세보기
Hong, J.-W., J. Hong, E. E. Kwon, and D. K. Yoon, 2019: Temporal dynamics of urban heat island correlated with the socio-economic development over the past halfcentury in Seoul, Korea. Environ. Pollut., 254, 112934.

상세보기
Hong, S.-O., J.-Y. Byon, H. Park, Y.-G. Lee, B.-J. Kim, and J.-C. Ha, 2018: Sensitivity analysis of near surface air temperature to land cover change and urban parameterization scheme using Unified Model. Atmosphere, 28, 427-441, doi:10.14191/Atmos.2018.28.4.427 (in Korean with English abstract).

원문보기 상세보기
Kanda, M., T. Kawai, M. Kanega, R. Morinaga, K. Narita, and A. Hagishima, 2005: A simple energy balance model for regular building arrays. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 116, 423-443.
Kim, Y.-H., and J.-J. Baik, 2002: Maximum urban heat island intensity in Seoul. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 41, 651-659.
Kim, Y.-H., and J.-J. Baik, 2005: Spatial and temporal structure of the Urban Heat Island in Seoul. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 44, 591-605.
Kim, J.-C., C.-B. Lee, T.-H. Cheon, and Y.-J. Jang, 2010: A study about the impact of atmospheric environmental changes by urban development on human health. J. Environ. Imp. Assess., 19, 15-28 (in Korean with English abstract).
Kim, H., H.-B. Seok, and Y.-K. Kim, 2014: A study on the change of the urban heat island structure in Busan metropolitan area, Korea. J. Environ. Sci. Int., 23, 1807-1820, doi:10.5322/JESI.2014.23.11.1807 (in Korean with English abstract).

원문보기 상세보기
Kim, D., and S.-K. Song, 2016: Analyzing the relationships between land cover type and sensible temperature in urban heat wave. J. Korea Planning Assoc., 51, 137-152, doi:10.17208/jkpa.2016.02.51.1.137 (in Korean with English abstract).
Kusaka, H., H. Kondo, Y, Kikegawa, and F. Kimura, 2001: A simple single-layer urban canopy model for atmospheric models: Comparison with multi-layer and slab models. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 101, 329-358.
Lee, H.-J., K.-O. Lee, G.-M. Won, and H.-W. Lee, 2009: Application of the latest land use data for numerical simulation of urban thermal environment in the Daegu. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ., 25, 196-210 (in Korean with English abstract).
Lee, C.-B., J.-C. Kim, and Y.-J. Jang, 2012: A study of Urban Heat Island in Chuncheon using WRF model and field measurements. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ., 28, 119-130 (in Korean with English abstract).
Lock, A. P., A. R. Brown, M. R. Bush, G. M. Martin, and R. N. B. Smith, 2000: A new boundary layer mixing scheme. Part I: Scheme description and single-column model tests. Mon. Wea. Rev., 128, 3187-3199.
Masson, V., 2000: A physically-based scheme for the urban energy budget in atmospheric models. Bound.-Layer Meteor., 94, 357-397.
Moon, Y.-S., and Y.-S. Koo, 2006: A study on examples applicable to numerical land cover map data for atmospheric environment fields in the metropolitan area of Seoul - Real time calculation of biogenic CO 2 flux and VOC emission due to a geographical distribution of vegetable and analysis on sensitivity of air temperature and wind field within MM5 -. J. Korean Soc. Atmos. Environ., 22, 661-678 (in Korean with English abstract).
Oke, T. R., 1982: The energetic basis of the urban heat island. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 108, 1-24.

상세보기
Oke, T. R., G. Mills, A. Christen, and J. A. Voogt, 2017: Urban Climates. Cambridge University Press, 546 pp.
Oleson, K. W., G. B. Bonan, J. Feddema, M. Vertenstein, and C. S. B. Grimmond, 2008: An urban parameterization for a global climate model. Part I: formulation and evaluation for Two cities. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 47, 1038-1060.
Porson, A., P. A. Clark, I. N. Harman, M. J. Best, and S. E. Belcher, 2010a: Implementation of a new urban energy budget scheme in the MetUM. Part I: Description and idealized simulations. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 136, 1514-1529, doi:10.1002/qj.668.

상세보기
Porson, A., P. A. Clark, I. N. Harman, M. J. Best, and S. E. Belcher, 2010b: Implementation of a new urban energy budget scheme into MetUM. Part II: Validation against observations and model intercomparison. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 136, 1530-1542, doi:10.1002/qj.572.

상세보기
Rizwan, A. M., L. Y. Dennis, and C. Liu, 2008: A review on the generation, determination and mitigation of Urban Heat Island. J. Environ. Sci., 20, 120-128.
Schoen, C., 2005: A new empirical model of the temperature-humidity index. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 44, 1413-1420.
Steadman, R. G., 1979: The assessment of sultriness. Part I: A temperature-humidity index based on human physiology and clothing science. J. Appl. Meteor. Climatol., 18, 861-873.
Stone, B., 2012: The city and the coming climate: Climate change in the places we live. Cambridge University Press, 206 pp.
Uejio, C. K., O. V. Wilhelmi, J. S. Golden, D. M. Mills, S. P. Gulino, and J. P. Samenow, 2011: Intra-urban societal vulnerability to extreme heat: the role of heat exposure and the built environment, socioeconomics, and neighborhood stability. Health Place, 17, 498-507, doi:10.1016/j.healthplace.2010.12.005.

상세보기
UN, 2018: World Urbanization Prospects: The 2018 Revision. United Nations, 103 pp [Available online at https://population.un.org/wup/Publications/Files/WUP2018-Report.pdf].
Unnikrishnan, C. K., B. Gharai, S. Mohandas, A. Mamgain, E. N. Rajagopal, G. R. Iyenger, and P. V. N. Rao, 2016: Recent changes on land use/land cover over Indian region and its impact on the weather prediction using Unified model. Atmos. Sci. Lett., 17, 294-300.

상세보기
Webster, S., A. R. Brown, D. R. Cameron, and C. P. Jones, 2003: Improvements to the representation of orography in the Met Office Unified Model. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 129, 1989-2010.

상세보기
Wilson, D. R., and S. P. Ballard, 1999: A microphysically based precipitation scheme for the UK Meteorological Office Unified Model. Q. J. R. Meteorol. Soc., 125, 1607-1636.

상세보기
Yang, B., X. Yang, L. R. Leung, S. Zhong, Y. Qian, C. Zhao, F. Chen, Y. Zhang, and J. Qi, 2019: Modeling the impacts of urbanization on summer thermal comfort: The role of urban land use and anthropogenic Heat. J. Geophys. Rev. Atmos., 124, 6681-6697, doi: 10.1029/2018JD029829.

상세보기
Zhou, X., and H. Chen, 2018: Impact of urbanizationrelated land use land cover changes and urban morphology changes on the urban heat island phenomenon. Sci. Total Environ., 635, 1467-1476, doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2018.04.091.

상세보기

저자의 다른 논문 :

활용도 분석정보

상세보기

다운로드

내보내기

활용도 Top5 논문

해당 논문의 주제분야에서 활용도가 높은 상위 5개 콘텐츠를 보여줍니다.
더보기 버튼을 클릭하시면 더 많은 관련자료를 살펴볼 수 있습니다.

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

내보내기 구분	파일저장 인쇄 메일전송
구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관 관리번호, 논문명, 대등논문명, 저자 , 저널/프로시딩명, 발행기관, 발행년, 발행언어, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, ISBN, ISSN, 주제분야, 키워드, 초록(한글), 초록(영문), 저자(소속기관)
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

연합인증