[논문]검덕 연-아연 광상의 돌로마이트 산상과 화학조성

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doi:10.22807/kjmp.2021.34.2.107

검덕 연-아연 광상의 돌로마이트 산상과 화학조성
Occurrence and Chemical Composition of Dolomite from Komdok Pb-Zn Deposit 원문보기

광물과 암석 = Korean journal of mineralogy and petrology, v.34 no.2, 2021년, pp.107 - 120

초록
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검덕 연-아연 광상은 한반도에서 가장 규모가 큰 연-아연 광상으로 지체구조상 고원생대의 마천령층군이 포함된 Jiao Liao Ji belt내 혜산-리원 광화대에 위치한다. 이 광상의 주변지질은 고원생대의 마천리층군 변성퇴적암류와 이를 관입한 중생대의 만탑산 관입암체 및 신생대의 현무암으로 구성된다. 이 광상은 고원생대의 마천리층 변성퇴적암류내에 층상광체 및 맥상광체로 산출되며 퇴적분기형 광상에 해당된다. 이 광상에서 산출되는 돌로마이트들은 산출 광물조합 및 정출순서를 기초로 1)모암인 돌로마이트(D₀), 2)각섬암상의 변성작용에 의한 초기의 돌로마이트(투각섬석, 양기석, 투휘석, 섬아연석, 방연석 등)(D₁), 3)각섬암상의 변성작용에 의한 말기의 돌로마이트(활석, 방해석, 석영, 섬아연석, 방연석 등)(D₂), 4)석영맥과 함께 산출되는 돌로마이트(백색운모, 녹니석, 섬아연석, 방연석 등)(D₃)으로 산출된다. 이들 돌로마이트의 화학조성은 각각 Ca_1.00-1.20Mg_0.80-0.99Fe_0.00-0.01Zn_0.00-0.02(CO₃)₂(D₀), Ca_1.00-1.02M_0.97-0.99Fe_0.00-0.01Zn_0.00-0.02(CO₃)₂(D₁), Ca_0.99-1.03Mg_0.93-0.98Fe_0.01-0.05Mn_0.00-0.01As_0.00-0.01(CO₃)₂(D₂) 및 Ca_0.95-1.04Mg_0.59-0.68Fe_0.30-0.36Mn_0.00-0.01(CO₃)₂(D₃)로써 이론적인 돌로마이트의 화학조성보다 미량원소들의 함량이 높다. 이 미량원소들은 FeO, MnO, HfO₂, ZnO, PbO, Sb₂O₅ 및 As₂O₅ 원소들이며 광화작용이 진행됨에 따라 FeO, MnO, ZnO, Sb₂O₅ 및 As₂O₅ 원소들의 함량이 증감 변화가 있으나 HfO₂와 PbO 원소들의 함량은 증감 변화가 없다. 검덕광상의 D_o, D₁ 및 D₂는 Ferroan 돌로마이트에 해당되며 D₃는 Ferroan 돌로마이트와 철백운석(ankerite)에 해당된다. 따라서 1)모암인 돌로마이트(D₀)는 고원생대(2012~1700 Ma) 해양증발환경에서 실리카와 함께 퇴적된 후 계속적인 속성작용에 의해 돌로마이트화 작용에 의해 형성되었다. 2)초기의 돌로마이트(D₁)는 고원생대의 리원암군 관입(1890~1680 Ma)에 의한 변성작용(최소 각섬암상)에 의한 열수교대작용에 의해 형성되었다. 3)말기의 돌로마이트(D₂)는 각섬암상의 변성작용에 의한 계속적인 온도와 압력의 감소에 의해 잔존 유체로부터 형성되었다. 또한 4)석영맥의 돌로마이트(D₃)는 중생대의 만탑산 관입암체의 관입(213~181 Ma)에 의해 형성되었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The Komdok Pb-Zn deposit, which is the largest Pb-Zn deposit in Korea, is located at the Hyesan-Riwon metallogenic zone in Jiao Liao Ji belt included Paleoproterozoic Macheolryeong group. The geology of this deposit consists of Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks, Jurassic Mantapsan intrusive rocks and Cenozoic basalt. The Komdok deposit which is a SEDEX type deposit occurs as layer ore and vein ore in the Paleoproterozoic metasedimentary rocks. Based on mineral petrography and paragenesis, dolomites from this deposit are classified four types (1. dolomite (D0) as hostrock, 2. early dolomite (D1) associated with tremolite, actinolite, diopside, sphalerite and galena from amphibolite facies, 3. late dolomite (D2) associated with talc, calcite, quartz, sphalerite and galena from amphibolite facies, 4. dolomite (D3) associated with white mica, chlorite, sphalerite and galena from quartz vein). The structural formulars of dolomites are determined to be Ca1.00-1.20Mg0.80-0.99Fe0.00-0.01Zn0.00-0.02(CO3)2(D0), Ca1.00-1.02M0.97-0.99Fe0.00-0.01Zn0.00-0.02(CO3)2(D1), Ca0.99-1.03Mg0.93-0.98Fe0.01-0.05Mn0.00-0.01As0.00-0.01(CO3)2(D2) and Ca0.95-1.04Mg0.59-0.68Fe0.30-0.36Mn0.00-0.01 (CO3)2(D3), respectively. It means that dolomites from Komdok deposit have higher content of trace elements (FeO, MnO, HfO2, ZnO, PbO, Sb2O5 and As2O5) compared to the theoretical composition of dolomite. These trace elements (FeO, MnO, ZnO, Sb2O5 and As2O5) show increase and decrease trend according to paragenetic sequence, but HfO2 and PbO elements no show increase and decrease trend according to paragenetic sequence. Dolomites correspond to Ferroan dolomite (D0, D1 and D2), and Ferroan dolomite and ankerite (D3), respectively. Therefore, 1) dolomite (D0) as hostrock was formed by subsequent diagenesis after sedimentation of Paleoproterozoic (2012~1700 Ma) silica-bearing dolomite in the marine evaporative environment. 2) Early dolomite (D1) was formed by hydrothermal metasomatism origined metamorphism (amphibolite facies) associated with intrusion (1890~1680 Ma) of Paleoproterozoic Riwon complex. 3) Late dolomte (D2) was formed from residual fluid by a decrease of temperature and pressure. and dolomite (D3) in quartz vein was formed by intrusion (213~181 Ma) of Jurassic Mantapsan intrusive rocks.

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표/그림 (7)

$Fig. 1. Map of the Paleoproterozoic Jiao-Liao-Ji belt in the Eastern Block of the North China Craton showing the distribution of the Macheolryeong, Laoling, Ji'an, Liaohe, Fenzishan and Jingshan Groups (Modified after Li et al., 2011) (a) and generalized geological map of the Komdok Pb- Zn deposit showing the orientation of the principal fracture zones and faults (Modified after Koh et al., 2019) (b). ES : eastern Shangdong province, EL : eastern Liaoning province, SJ : southern Jilin province.$ 그림 Fig. 1. Map of the Paleoproterozoic Jiao-Liao-Ji belt in the Eastern Block of the North China Craton showing the distribution of the Macheolryeong, Laoling, Ji'an, Liaohe, Fenzishan and Jingshan Groups (Modified after Li et al., 2011) (a) and generalized geological map of the Komdok Pb- Zn deposit showing the orientation of the principal fracture zones and faults (Modified after Koh et al., 2019) (b). ES : eastern Shangdong province, EL : eastern Liaoning province, SJ : southern Jilin province.
그림 Fig. 2. Photographs of layer ore, vein ore and hostrock samples from the Komdok Pb-Zn deposit. (a)-(c) dolomite coexisting with tremolite, actinolite, diopside, talc, sphalerite and galena in layer ore, (d) massive sphalerite and galena coexisting with quartz in layer ore, (e) quartz vein coexisting with sphalerite, galena, arsenopyrite, pyrite and chalcopyrite in vein ore, (f) dolomite in hostrock. Abbreviations; Act = actinolite, Apy = arsenopyrite, Ccp = chalcopyrite, Chl = chlorite, Di = diopside, Dol = dolomite, Gn = galena, Py = pyrite, Qz = quartz, Sp = sphalerite, Tlc = talc, Tr = tremolite.
그림 Fig. 3. BSEs of dolomite crystals showing different phases and paragenetic texture. (a) early white and intermediate dolomite (D₁) coexistin with tremolite and sphalerite and dark dolomite (D_o) of hostrock, (b)-(d) late white dolomite (D₂) coexisting with calcite and galena infilling of early white dolomite (D₁) and dark dolomite (D₀), (e) late white dolomite (D₂) coexisting with calcite, quartz, sphalerite and galena and dark dolomite (D₀), (f) white and dark dolomite (D₃) coexisting with sphalerite from quartz vein, (g)-(h) white and dark dolomite (D₀) from hostrock. Abbreviations; Ap = apatite, Bt = biotite, Cal = calcite, Dol = dolomite, Gn = galena, Qz = quartz, Sp = sphalerite, Tr = tremolite. Red circles indicate quantitative analysis points. Scale bar indicates 100 μm.
표 Table 1. Chemical composition of dolomite from the Komdok Pb-Zn deposit
표 Table 1. Continued
그림 Fig. 4. Binary plots of dolomite compositions from EPMA analyses in layer ore, vein ore and hostrock samples from the Komdok Pb-Zn deposit.
그림 Fig. 5. Ternary plots of dolomite compositions calculated from EPMA analyses in layer ore, vein ore and hostrock samples from the Komdok Pb-Zn deposit (Modified after Reinhold, 1998 and Biondi et al., 2013).

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