[논문]월악산국립공원의 서식지에 따른 어류군집 분석

박승철

doi:10.13047/kjee.2021.35.5.490

월악산국립공원의 서식지에 따른 어류군집 분석
Analysis of Fish Community according to Habitat in the Woraksan National Park, Korea 원문보기

한국환경생태학회지 = Korean journal of environment and ecology, v.35 no.5, 2021년, pp.490 - 502

박승철 (국립공원연구원 생태조사부)

초록
AI-Helper

본 연구는 월악산국립공원의 서식지에 따른 어류상 현황 및 어류군집의 특성을 분석하기 위하여 수행되었다. 월악산국립공원의 주요 하천에서 공간균등계층추출법으로 총 20개의 지점을 선정하였으며, 계절별로 3회 조사를 실시하였다. 서식지의 물리적 환경은 대부분 산간계류형(Aa) 하천이었으며, 하상구조는 큰돌과 자갈이 산재되어 있는 형태였다. 서식지의 평균고도는 304.4m, 평균 수심은 40.3cm로 대부분 1m를 넘지 않았으며, 하천 차수는 3~5차하천까지 분포하였다. 서식지별 물리적 환경요인에 대하여 주성분 분석을 실시한 결과 고도에 따라 하상물질 특성이 달라지는 것으로 나타났다. 조사 결과 출현한 어종은 총 7과 16종 2,183개체가 확인되었으며, 우점종은 참갈겨니(86.2%), 아우점종은 버들치(3.8%)였다. 법정보호종으로는 멸종위기 야생생물 II급 가는돌고기가 본 조사에서 처음 출현하였다. 어류군집의 순위풍부도 곡선의 모형을 분석한 결과 20개 지점중 9개 지점에서 Zipf 모형이 도출되었으며, 대수정규 모형 3개 지점, 선점 모형 4개 지점, 그밖에 4개 지점은 1종만이 출현하여 분석이 불가능하였다. 환경요인에 따른 어류군집의 특성을 파악하기 위해 20개 지점과 출현종을 대상으로 정준상관분석을 실시한 결과 고도에 따른 서식환경의 차이로 인하여 어류군집이 나뉘는 것으로 파악되었다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

This study was conducted to analyze the current status of fish fauna and characteristics of the fish community according to the habitat of Woraksan National Park, Korea. The spatially balanced sampling selected 20 stations from major streams of Woraksan National Park, and three surveys were conducted in each season. The physical environments of the habitat were mostly mountain streams (Aa), with large stones and gravels scattered over the stream. The average altitude of the habitat was 304.4 m, and the average depth of water was 40.3 cm, being less than 1 m in most cases, and the river water level was distributed from 3rd to 5th streams. The principal component analysis of the physical environmental factors by habitat showed that the substrate properties differed according to the altitude. The survey identified a total of 2,183 individuals in 16 species belonging to 7 families. The dominant species was Zacco koreanus(86.2%), and the subdominant species was Rhynchocypris oxycephalus(3.8%). Pseudopungtungia tenuicorpa, classified as the endangered wildlife II, was the first endangered legally protected species found in this survey. Analysis of the rank abundance curve model in the fish community showed the Zipf model at 9 out of 20 points, the Lognormal model in 3 points, and the Preemption model in 4 points. The remaining 4 habitats showed only one species and were not analyzed. The canonical correspondence analysis of 20 stations and fish species was performed to understand the characteristics of the fish community according to environmental factors. The fish communities were divided according to differences in habitat environment by the altitude.

주제어

표/그림 (12)

표 Table 1. Addresses and locations of each surveyed stations in Woraksan National Park, Korea
그림 Figure 1. Map showed the surveyed stations in the Woraksan National Park, Korea.
표 Table 2. Morphological and physical environmental information of twenty stations in the Woraksan National Park, Korea
그림 Figure 2. Ordination biplot derived from the first two axes of principal component analysis(PCA) of parameters of morphological and physical factors in habitats. Eigenvalues of both axes are that is 3.534, 3.012, explained 60.0% of total variables.
표 Table 3. The direction of nine morphological and physical environmental vectors of principal component analysis (PCA). The coefficient of determinations (r²) and significant level (P value) by permutation tests
그림 Figure 3. Composition ratio of fish a kinds of the families in the Woraksan National Park, Korea.
그림 Figure 4. Relative abundance(%) of fish species collected in the Woraksan National Park, Korea.
표 Table 4. A list and individual numbers of fishes collected at the surveyed habitats from June to November 2020 in the Woraksan National Park, Korea
표 Table 5. A list and individual numbers of fishes collected in each streams in the Woraksan National Park, Korea
표 Table 6. Akaike's information criteria (AIC) values of ranked abundance curve for each model. The best model was selected by the lowest AIC value (H': diversity index, AS: average slope)
그림 Figure 5. Rank abundance curve of fishes collected at the surveyed habitats. The horizon axis indicates rank and number of species, and the vertical axis indicates individual number of each ranked species by log-scale. The best fitted model was plotted into each surveyed habitats.
그림 Figure 6. Ordination biplot derived from the two axes of canonical correspondence analysis (CCA) at the surveyed habitats. Eigenvalues of both axes are 0.3266 and 0.0729, explained 31% of total variation. The angles and lengths of the radiating arrows indicate the direction and strength of relationships of environmental factors with the ordination scores.

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표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

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