[논문]꽃노랑총채벌레 종합방제 - 화학농약 처리 후 안정적 천적 투입 시기

김철영; 이동현; 이동희; 함은혜; 김용균

doi:10.5656/ksae.2022.08.0.040

꽃노랑총채벌레 종합방제 - 화학농약 처리 후 안정적 천적 투입 시기
Integral Pest Management of the Western Flower Thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis: Optimal Time to Introduce a Natural Predator after Chemical Insecticide Treatment 원문보기

한국응용곤충학회지 = Korean journal of applied entomology, v.61 no.4, 2022년, pp.519 - 528

김철영 (안동대학교 식물의학과) , 이동현 (안동대학교 식물의학과) , 이동희 (안동대학교 산학협력단) , 함은혜 ((주)오상킨섹트) , 김용균 (안동대학교 식물의학과)

초록
AI-Helper

시설재배지 고추를 가해하는 꽃노랑총채벌레(Frankliniella occidentalis)를 대상으로 미끌애꽃노린재(Orius laevigatus)를 이용한 생물적 방제가 검토되고 있다. 그러나 대상 해충의 빠른 집단 성장은 화학 살충제의 투입이 때에 따라 요구된다. 본 연구는 화학 살충제와 천적의 이상적 종합 방제를 구현하기 위한 목적으로 선택성이 높은 살충제 선발 및 이들 살충제 처리 이후 미끌애꽃노린재의 안전한 재투입 시기를 결정하기 위해 수행되었다. 첫째로 꽃노랑총채벌레에 방제 효과가 높은 상용 살충제가 선발되었다. 총 17종류의 상용 살충제 가운데 5종류(pyriproxyfen+spinetoram, abamectin, spinosad, acetamiprid, chlorpyrifos) 주성분을 갖는 상용 살충제가 꽃노랑총채벌레에 우수한 방제효과를 주는 약제로 선발되었다. 이들 5종류의 살충제에 대해서 미끌애꽃노린재의 감수성 반응은 꽃노랑총채벌레와 상이하였다. 특별히 아바멕틴과 스피네토람이 유기인계 또는 네오니코티노이드에 비해 상대적으로 낮은 독성을 보였다. 이들 5종류의 살충제 처리 이후 잔류 독성을 미끌애꽃노린재를 이용하여 생물검정한 결과 유기인계 및 네오니코티노이드 약제는 비교적 오랜 기간 독성을 유지하지만, 아바멕틴과 스피네토람 약제의 경우 3일 이후에는 대상 천적에 피해를 주지 않는 것으로 나타났다. 이러한 잔류독성결과는 LC-MS/MS를 이용한 농약 잔류량 화학분석을 통해 뒷받침되었다. 이상의 결과는 높은 밀도로 증가한 꽃노랑총채벌레에 대해서 이 해충에 살충성이 높은 아바멕틴 또는 스피네토람의 약제를 살포하고 이후 3일 지나 미끌애꽃노린재의 투입을 통해 대상 해충의 평균 밀도를 경제적피해수준 이하로 유지할 수 있다는 종합방제 기술을 제시하고 있다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The western flower thrips, Frankliniella occidentalis, infests the hot pepper cultivated in greenhouses and has been considered to be controlled by a natural enemy, Orius laevigatus. However, sporadic outbreaks of the thrips due to fast population growth occasionally need chemical insecticide treatments. This study was designed to develop an optimal integrated pest management (IPM) by using selective insecticides along with a safe re-introduction technique of the natural enemy after the chemical insecticide treatment. First, chemical insecticides were screened to select the high toxic commercial products against F. occidentalis. Five insecticides containing active components (pyriproxyfen+spinetoram, abamectin, spinosad, acetamiprid, and chlorpyrifos) were selected among 17 commercial products. These five selected insecticides gave different toxic properties to the natural enemy, O. laevigatus. Especially, abamectin and spinetoram gave relatively low toxicity to the natural enemy compared to organophosphate or neonicotinoid. Furthermore, the five selected insecticides were assessed in their residual toxicities against O. laevigatus. Organophosphate and neonicotinoid insecticides showed relatively longer residual toxicity compared to abamectin and spinosads. Indeed, abamectin or spinetoram did not give any significant toxicity to O. laevigatus after 3 days post-treatment. These residual effects were further supported by the assessment of the chemical residue analysis of the insecticides using LC-MS/MS. These results suggest an IPM technology: (1) chemical treatment of abamectin or spinetoram against sporadic outbreaks of F. occidentalis infesting hot pepper and (2) re-introduction of O. laevigatus to the crops after 3 days post-treatment to depress the equilibrium density below an economic injury level.

주제어

표/그림 (7)

그림 Fig. 1. Screening 17 registered insecticides ('T1-T18', see Table S1) against the western flower thrips, F. occidentalis. Test doses used the concentrations recommended by the suppliers. (A) Variation in insecticidal activities at 3 days after treatment (DAT). 'CON' represents a control spray with water. Different letters above standard deviation bars represent significant difference among means at Type I error = 0.05 (LSD test). (B) Insecticidal activities of different treatment doses of 8 selected insecticides against the adults. Each treatment were replicated three times. Each replication used 10 individuals.
표 Table 1. Median lethal doses (LC₅₀) of 8 selected insecticides. Results are shown in Fig. 1B
그림 Fig. 2. Field assay of two selected insecticides against F. occidentalis infesting hot pepper cultivated in a greenhouse: T7 (pyriproxyfen+ spinetoram) and T12 (spinosad). 'CON' represents a control spray with water. The assays were separately performed to the thrips infesting two hot pepper varieties (Hanrim and Nokkwang). Two commercial insecticides were prepared in 500 ppm and treated by a foliar spray. An experimental unit was 15 hot pepper plants and was replicated three times with a randomized block design. Total thrips including larvae and adults were counted. Relative survival rates were estimated at different days after the spray.
그림 Fig. 3. Toxicities of five selected insecticides against a predator, O. laevigatus in different treatment doses (A). The test insecticides exhibited relatively high insecticidal activities against F. occidentalis (see Fig. 1). Each treatment are replicated three times. Each replication used 10 individuals. The toxic effects were assessed by counting dead adults at 3 days after treatment (DAT). The dose-mortality data were analyzed to get median lethal concentrations and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) (B).
그림 Fig. 4. Residual toxicity of five selected insecticides against a predator, O. laevigatus. Five insecticides were sprayed on hot pepper plants in their recommended doses (see Table S1). The leaves were collected at four different elapsed time points (24, 48, 72, and 96 h) after the insecticide spray. The leaves were placed on a round dish (2.5 cm radius and 7 cm height). Ten adults of O. laevigatus were released to each dish along with thrips for diet. Mortality was measured at 24, 48, and 72 h after the adult release.
그림 Fig. 5. Chemical analysis of insecticide residues using LC-MS/MS. Four different insecticides were sprayed on hot pepper plants in their recommended doses (see Table S1): T4 for chlorpyrifos, T7 for pyriproxyfen+spinetoram, T14 for acetamiprid, and T16 for abamectin. The leaves were collected at four different elapsed time points (1, 3, 10, and 14 days) after the insecticide spray. (A) Representing chromatograms of six active components of the test insecticides at different collection time points. (B) Time course of the insecticide residue amounts after the spray.
그림 Fig. 5. Continued.

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저자의 다른 논문 :

표제어: PCR

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