$\require{mediawiki-texvc}$

연합인증

연합인증 가입 기관의 연구자들은 소속기관의 인증정보(ID와 암호)를 이용해 다른 대학, 연구기관, 서비스 공급자의 다양한 온라인 자원과 연구 데이터를 이용할 수 있습니다.

이는 여행자가 자국에서 발행 받은 여권으로 세계 각국을 자유롭게 여행할 수 있는 것과 같습니다.

연합인증으로 이용이 가능한 서비스는 NTIS, DataON, Edison, Kafe, Webinar 등이 있습니다.

한번의 인증절차만으로 연합인증 가입 서비스에 추가 로그인 없이 이용이 가능합니다.

다만, 연합인증을 위해서는 최초 1회만 인증 절차가 필요합니다. (회원이 아닐 경우 회원 가입이 필요합니다.)

연합인증 절차는 다음과 같습니다.

최초이용시에는
ScienceON에 로그인 → 연합인증 서비스 접속 → 로그인 (본인 확인 또는 회원가입) → 서비스 이용

그 이후에는
ScienceON 로그인 → 연합인증 서비스 접속 → 서비스 이용

연합인증을 활용하시면 KISTI가 제공하는 다양한 서비스를 편리하게 이용하실 수 있습니다.

액티브 시니어의 조직적과 기능적 창업역량: PLS-POS를 이용한 창업 효능감과 창업의지의 이질성 관계 확인
Active Seniors' Organizational and Functional Entrepreneurial Competencies: Discovering Unobserved Heterogeneous Relationships between Entrepreneurial Efficacy and Entrepreneurial Intention using PLS-POS 원문보기

벤처창업연구= Asia-Pacific journal of business and venturing, v.17 no.2, 2022년, pp.15 - 31  

신향숙 (SS2인베스트먼트) ,  배지은 (호서대학교) ,  조미옥 (아시안푸드스타) ,  이용기 (세종대학교)

초록
AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

은퇴 전·후 경력 전환을 시도하는 다양한 경력을 갖춘 액티브 시니어들이 증가됨에 따라 본 연구는 액티브 시니어들을 위한 창업교육 및 지원이 포함된 창업정책의 제안이 필요하다. 본 연구는 액티브 시니어의 창업의지에 영향을 미치는 요인을 창업 조직역량과 기능역량으로 구분하고, 역량요인들이 창업 효능감과 창업의지에 미치는 영향을 검증하였다. 연구모형에서 창업역량은 조직역량(리더십, 문제해결, 창의성, 의사결정, 의사소통)과 기능역량(경영전략, 마케팅, 사업계획서)으로 구분된다. 그리고 본 연구에서 창업 효능감은 창업역량요인들과 창업의지 간의 관계에 있어서 매개역할을 하는 것으로 제시되었다. 한편, 제안된 구조모형에서의 이질성, 패턴을 확인하기 위하여 PLS-POS 분석이 실시되었다. 설문조사는 온라인 서베이회사의 도움을 받아 액티브 시니어 연령층(40-65세 미만) 대상으로 실시되었다. 데이터는 총 433명의 예비창업자들로부터 수집되었으며, SPSS 28.0과 SmartPLS 3.3.7 프로그램을 이용하여 분석되었다. 본 연구의 요약은 다음과 같다. 첫째, 액티브 시니어의 조직역량들과 기능역량들은 창업 효능감에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 둘째, 액티브 시니어의 조직역량들과 기능역량들이 창업의지에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 셋째, 창업 효능감은 창업의지에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 한편, 연구모형에서의 이질성 패턴을 찾기 위한 PLS-POS 분석을 통하여 창업의지에 대한 예측지향적 시장세분화가 실시된 결과, 두 개의 집단(POS S1, POS S2)이 도출되었다. 먼저, POS S1의 경우에서, 조직역량이 창업 효능감과 창업의지에 정(+)의 영향을 미치며, 기능역량이 창업 효능감에 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. 반면에, POS S2의 경우엔, 기능역량이 창업 효능감과 창업의지, 그리고 창업 효능감이 창업의지에 유의한 정(+)의 영향을 미치는 것으로 나타났다. PLS-POS의 분석 결과는 창업역량 교육은 액티브 시니어들이 원하는 조직역량과 기능역량이 무엇인지를 파악하여 창업교육이 실시될 필요가 있음을 보여준다. 또한, 집단별로 인구통계적 특성에 따른 차이가 발견되지 않았지만, 본 연구의 결과는 조직역량이 필요한 집단에겐 리더십, 문제해결, 창의성, 의사결정, 그리고 의사소통 역량 등을 중심으로, 그리고 기능역량을 중시하는 액티브 시니어의 경우엔, 경영전략, 마케팅, 그리고 사업계획서 수립 및 작성 역량을 중심으로 이루어지는 것이 바람직하다는 것을 시사해준다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

This study was conducted to suggest a start-up policy that includes start-up education and support for active seniors with various careers who try to change their careers before and after retirement. From this point of view, this study divided the factors affecting the entrepreneurial will of active...

주제어

#액티브 시니어   #창업역량   #창업교육   #창업 효능감   #창업의지  

참고문헌 (100)

  1. Adler, P. S., & Kwon, S. W.(2002). Social Capital: Prospects for a New Concept. Academy of Management Review, 27(1), 17-40. 

    상세보기

  2. Ahn, T. U., & Kang, T. W.(2017). A Study on the Effects of Entrepreneurship Capability on the Employment Volition: Focused on the Mediator Effect of Entrepreneurship. Journal of Distribution and Management Research, 20(5), 81-89. 

    상세보기

  3. Ahn, T. U., & Kang, T. W.(2019). The Impacts of Startups Entrepreneurship on Business Performance: Focused on the Mediating Effect of Dynamic Capabilities. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 14(4), 39-49. 

  4. Ahn, T. U., & Park, J. W.(2018). The Effect of Entrepreneurship Education on the Career Path of University Students. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 13(2), 177-192. 

  5. Ajzen, I.(1991). The Theory of Planned Behavior. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 179-211. 

    상세보기

  6. Asree, S., Zain, M., & Razalli, M. R.(2010). Influence of Leadership Competency and Organizational Culture on Responsiveness and Performance of Firms. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management. 22(4), 500-516 

    상세보기

  7. Bandura, A.(1977). Self-efficacy: Toward a Unifying Theory of Behavioral Change. Psychological Review, 84(2), 191-215. 

    상세보기

  8. Bandura, A.(1982). Self-efficacy Mechanism in Human Agency. American Psychologist, 37(2), 122-147. 

  9. Bandura, A.(1991). Social Cognitive Theory of Self-regulation. Organizational Behavior and Human Decision Processes, 50(2), 248-287. 

    상세보기

  10. Becker, J. M., Rai, A., Ringle, C. M., & Volckner, F.(2013). Discovering Unobserved Heterogeneity in Structural Equation Models to Avert Validity Threats. MIS Quarterly, 37(3), 665-694. 

    상세보기

  11. Bird, B. J.(1989). Entrepreneurial Behavior. Glenview: Scott Foresman and Co. 

  12. Baron, R. A., & Tang, J.(2009). Entrepreneurs' Social Skills and New Venture Performance: Mediating Mechanisms and Cultural Generality. Journal of Management, 35(2), 282-306. 

    상세보기

  13. Boyatzis, R. E.(1982). The competent manager: A model for effective performance. New Jersey, NJ: John Wiley & Sons. 

  14. Boyatzis, R. E.(2008). Competencies in the 21st Century. Journal of Management Development, 27(1), 5-12. 

    상세보기

  15. Boyd, N. G., & Vozikis, G. S.(1994). The Influence of Self-efficacy on the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions and Actions. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 18(4), 63-77. 

    상세보기

  16. Burns, J. M.(1979). Two Excerpts From Leadership. Educational Leadership, 36, 380-383. 

  17. Cassar, G., & Friedman, H.(2009). Does Self-efficacy Affect Entrepreneurial Investment?. Strategic Entrepreneurship Journal, 3(3), 241-260. 

  18. Chen, C. C., Greene, P. G., & Crick, A.(1998). Does Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy Distinguish Entrepreneurs from Managers? Journal of Business Venturing, 13(4), 295-316. 

    상세보기

  19. Chin, W. W.(1998). The Partial Least Squares Approach to Structural Equation Modeling. Modern Methods for Business Research, 295(2), 295-336. 

  20. Choi, D. S., & Sung, C. S.(2017). Effect of Entrepreneurial Competencies on Entrepreneurial Intention: IT Competency, Creativity Competency, Social Competency, Market Perception Competency. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 12(1), 101-109. 

  21. Choi, S. H., Kang, H, K., & Lee, D. S.(2020). Impact of Youth Entrepreneurial Competency on the Success and Satisfaction of Start-ups through Entrepreneurial Self-Efficiency. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 15(5), 245-259. 

  22. Cogliser, C. C., & Brigham, K. H.(2004). The Intersection of Leadership and Eentrepreneurship: Mutual Lessons to be Learned. The Leadership Quarterly, 15(6), 771-799. 

  23. Delanoe-Gueguen, S., & Linan, F.(2019). A longitudinal analysis of the influence of career motivations on entrepreneurial intention and action. Canadian Journal of Administrative Sciences/Revue Canadienne des Sciences de l'Administration, 36(4), 527-543. 

  24. Drnovsek, M., Wincent, J., & Cardon, M. S.(2010). Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Business Start-Up: Developing A Multi-Dimensional Definition. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behavior & Research. 16(4), 329-348. 

  25. Easterby-Smith, M., & Prieto, I. M.(2008). Dynamic Capabilities and Knowledge Management: An Integrative Role for Learning? British Journal of Management, 19(3), 235-249. 

    상세보기

  26. Epstein, R.(1995). Creativity Games for Trainers: A Handbook of Group Activities for Jumpstarting Workplace Creativity. New York, NY: McGraw-Hill. 

  27. Epstein, R.(1996). Cognition, Creativity, and Behavior: Selected Essays. CT: Praeger. 

  28. Falk, R. F., & Miller, N. B.(1992). A Primer for Soft Modeling. OH: University of Akron Press. 

  29. Farago, F. E., Denkewski, W., Lourenco, M. L., & Fernandes, J. M. F.(2019). Dynamic Capabilities, New Business Creation and the Entrepreneur: An Analysis About the La La Land Film. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 23(1), 1-14. 

  30. Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F.(1981). Evaluating Structural Equation Models With Unobservable Variables and Measurement Error. Journal of Marketing Research, 18(1), 39-50. 

    상세보기

  31. Fuller, B., Liu, Y., Bajaba, S., Marler, L. E., & Pratt, J.(2018). Examining How the Personality, Self-efficacy, and Anticipatory Cognitions of Potential Entrepreneurs Shape Their Entrepreneurial Intentions. Personality and Individual Differences, 125, 120-125. 

    상세보기

  32. Ha, H. H., & Byun, C. G.(2014). The Effects of Creativity on Attitude Towards Business Startup and Entrepreneurial Intent. Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Society, 9(4), 1-22. 

  33. Hair Jr, J. F., Hult, G. T. M., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M.(2021). A Primer on Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM). CA: Sage publications. 

  34. Hair Jr, J. F., Sarstedt, M., Matthews, L. M., & Ringle, C. M.(2016). Identifying and Treating Unobserved Heterogeneity with FIMIX-PLS: Part I-method. European Business Review, 28(1), 63-76. 

    상세보기

  35. Haverila, M., McLaughlin, C., Haverila, K. C., & Arora, M.(2020). Beyond Lurking and Posting: Segmenting the Members of a Brand Community on the Basis of Engagement, Attitudes and Identification. Journal of Product & Brand Management, 30(3), 449-466. 

  36. Hsu, D. K., Burmeister-Lamp, K., Simmons, S. A., Foo, M.-D., Hong, M. C., & Pipes, J. D.(2019). I Know I Can, But I Don'T Fit: Perceived Fit, Self-Efficacy, and Entrepreneurial Intention. Journal of Business Venturing, 34(2), 311-326. 

    상세보기

  37. Hur, S. B., & Lee, Y. K.(2021). The Effect of Franchisors' Gapjil on Economic Satisfaction, Social Satisfaction, and Recontract Intention. Korean Journal of Franchise Management, 12(2), 35-49. 

    원문보기 상세보기

  38. Ji, K. D.(2020). A Study on Improving the Life Quality of Active Senior by Health Care and Empathy Mentoring. Doctoral Dissertation, CHA University. 

  39. Jung, J. H.(2014). A Study on the Effects of Start-Up Education Program on the Entrepreneurship and the Start-up and Management Performance. Doctoral Dissertation, Konkuk University. 

  40. Kang, B. S.(2020). Impacts of Seniors' Entrepreneur Competency and Startup Support on Entrepreneurship Efficacy, Opportunity Awareness, and Startup Intention. Doctoral Dissertation, Sejong University. 

  41. Kang, J. H., & Ha, K. S.(2015). A Study of Effect of Self-Leadership by College Student on Recognition of Opportunity on Establishment of Company and Will of Establishing Company: Centered on Mediated Effect of Entrepreneurship. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 10(4), 1-12. 

  42. Kang, T. W., Sinha, P. N., Park, C. I., & Lee, Y. K.(2021). Exploring the intra entrepreneurship-employee engagement-creativity linkage and the diverse effects of gender and martial status. Frontiers in Psychology, 12, 739614. 

  43. Karlsson, T., & Honig, B.(2009). Judging a Business by its Cover: An Institutional Perspective on New Ventures and the Business Plan. Journal of Business Venturing, 24(1), 27-45. 

    상세보기

  44. Keller, P. A., & Block, L. G.(1997). Vividness Effects: A Resource-matching Perspective. Journal of Consumer Research, 24(3), 295-304. 

    상세보기

  45. Kim, H. R.(2008). An Empirical Study on the Effects of Personality and Self Leadership of Potential Founders in the Micro Business Area on Founder Self-efficacy: Applying the Big Five Factors Model and the Self-Leadership Theory. Korean Journal of Business Administration, 21(6), 2393-2420. 

  46. Kim, J. M., & Lee, S. Y.(2020). The Influence of Start-up Education, Government Support and Entrepreneurship on Start-up Intention and Performance. Journal of International Trade & Commerce, 16(3), 429-448. 

  47. Kim, E. J., Kim, S. H., & Lee, Y. K.(2019). The Effects of Brand Hearsay on Brand Trust and Brand Attitudes. Journal of Hospitality Marketing & Management, 28(7), 765-784. 

    상세보기

  48. Kim, H. J., & Jeon, S. G.(2006). Applications of Competency Based HRM to Korean Firms: A Contingency Approach. Korean Academy of Management, 14(2), 107-139. 

  49. Kim, J.-E., & Kim, E.-K.(2016). A development of outdoor jackets for active senior males. Journal of the Korea Fashion & Costume Design Association, 20(2), 31-46. 

  50. Kim, J. M., & Lee, S. Y.(2020). The Influence of Start-up Education, Government Support and Entrepreneurship on Start-up Intention and Performance. Journal of International Trade & Commerce, 16(3), 429-448 

  51. Kim, J. S.(2006). Study on the Spending Behaviors, related to the Cognitive Age of the Consumers in the Elderly Generation: Mainly on the Aspects of the Propensity to Purchase and Different Types of Lifestyles. Doctoral Dissertation, Sookmyung Women's University. 

  52. Kim, J. Y., Sung, C. S., & Park, J. Y.(2017). A Study on the Creative Problem-Solving Education in Entrepreneurship Education of Higher Educational Institutions: Lessons and Implications From Leading Countries' Educational Policies and Cases. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 12(2), 65-76. 

  53. Kim, Y. T.(2017). The Effects of Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurial Competence and Attitude on Undergraduate Entrepreneurial Intention. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 12(2), 13-20. 

  54. Krueger, N. F.(2007). What Lies Beneath? The Experiential Essence of Entrepreneurial Thinking. Entrepreneurship: Theory and Practice, 31(1), 123-38. 

    상세보기

  55. Krueger, N. F., & Carsrud, A. L.(1993). Entrepreneurial Intentions: Applying the Theory of Planned Behaviour. Entrepreneurship & Regional Development, 5(4), 315-330. 

    상세보기

  56. Kwak, D. S., Jung, H. Y., & Kim, M. S.(2016). The Effect of University Entrepreneurial Education Service Quality on Education Satisfaction, Entrepreneurial Capability, and Entrepreneurial Intention. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 11(4), 37-48. 

  57. Kyndt, E., & Baert, H.(2015). Entrepreneurial competencies: Assessment and predictive value for entrepreneurship. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 90, 13-25. 

    상세보기

  58. Liebana-Cabanillas, F., & Alonso-Dos-Santos, M.(2017). Factors that Determine the Adoption of Facebook Commerce: The Moderating Effect of Age. Journal of Engineering and Technology Management, 44, 1-18. 

    상세보기

  59. Lee, H. K., & Lee, I. H.(2016). The Study of the Effects of College Student's Creativity and Self-efficacy on Entrepreneurial Intention. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 11(3), 111-120. 

  60. Lee, J. A., & Ahn, Y. S.(2018). Developing Measurement Tool of Entrepreneurship for Young Entrepreneurs. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 13(4), 197-209. 

  61. Lee, J. R., & Chang, G. S.(2018). Impact of Startup Support Program on Entrepreneurial Self-efficacy, Opportunity Recognition.Startup Intention of Undergraduate Students. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 13(1), 43-60. 

  62. Lee, S. H., Lee B. R., & Kim, H. J.(2016). A Study on Mediating Effect and Moderating Effect of Career Orientation and Entrepreneurial Intention: Focused on the Effect of Entrepreneurial Capacity Building Education and Entrepreneurial Education. Journal of the Korean Entrepreneurship Society, 11(4), 1-25. 

  63. Lee, S. J., & Kim, Y. H.(2019).A New Perspective on Opportunity Capturing of Entrepreneurs: Focusing on Problem Recognition and Problem Solving Capabilities. Journal of Entrepreneurship and Venture Studies, 22(2), 1-16. 

  64. Lee, W. J., Kim, J. S., & Kim, Y. T.(2013). An Empirical Study on the Influence of Entrepreneurship Education Quality and Satisfaction to University Student's Entrepreneurial Intention. Korea Association of Business Education, 28(3), 105-131. 

  65. Lee, Y. K., Kim, S. H., Bae, G. C., Kim, J., & Lee, J. H.(2016). Effects of Influential Strategies on Closeness, Relationship Quality, and Cooperation: Franchisees' Perspectives in Food-Service Industry. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 21(Sup1), 129-154. 

  66. Lee, Y. K., Kim, S. H., & Seo, M. K.(2015). Franchise Core Competency and its Relationship with Environmental Uncertainty, Competitive Advantage, and Financial Performance: An Empirical Assessment of Food-service Franchise Firms. Asia Pacific Journal of Tourism Research, 20(10), 1151-1173. 

    상세보기

  67. Lose, T., & Kwahene, F.(2021). Demographical Variables and Entrepreneurial Disposition: A Narrative Overview of Literature. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 27 (Special Issue 1), 1-8. 

  68. McGee, J. E., Peterson, M., Mueller, S. L., & Sequeira, J. M. (2009). Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy: Refining the Measure. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(4), 965-988. 

    상세보기

  69. Man, T. W., Lau, T., & Chan, K.(2002). The Competitiveness of Small and Medium Enterprises: A Conceptualization with Focus on Entrepreneurial Competencies. Journal of Business Venturing, 17(2), 123-142. 

    상세보기

  70. Markman, G. D., Balkin, D. B., & Baron, R. A.(2002). Inventors and New Venture Formation: The Effects of General Self-efficacy and Regretful Thinking. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 27(2), 149-165. 

    상세보기

  71. Mcmullan, W. E., & Long, W. A.(1987). Entrepreneurship Education in the Nineties. Journal of Business Venturing, 2(3), 261-275. 

    상세보기

  72. Miller, V. A., & Drotar, D.(2007). Decision-making Competence And Adherence To Treatment in Adolescents With Diabetes. Journal of Pediatric Psychology, 32(2), 178-188. 

    상세보기

  73. Miller, T. L., Wesley, C. L., & Williams, D. E.(2012). Educating the Minds of Caring Hearts: Comparing the Views of Practitioners and Educators on the Importance of Social Entrepreneurship Competencies. Academy of Management Learning & Education, 11(3), 349-370. 

    상세보기

  74. Morris, M. H., Webb, J. W., Fu, J., & Singhal, S.(2013). A Competency-Based Perspective on Entrepreneurship Education: Conceptual and Empirical Insights. Journal of Small Business Management, 51(3), 352-369. 

    상세보기

  75. Mulder, M., Lans, T., Verstegen, J., Biemans, H., & Meijer, Y.(2007). Competence Development of Entrepreneurs in Innovative Horticulture. Journal of Workplace Learning. 19(1), 32-44. 

    상세보기

  76. Na, S. G.(2016). A Study on the Structural Causality Relationship among the Service Quality, Satisfaction, Reliability and Recommendation Intention of Education for Start ups of Small Enterprises. Journal of Business Education Review, 31(5), 123-143. 

  77. Neugarten, B. L.(1996). The Meanings of Age: Selected Papers. Chicago: The University of Chicago Press. 

  78. Nowinski, W., Haddoud, M. Y., Lancaric, D., Egerova, D., & Czegledi, C.(2019). The Impact of Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Gender on Entrepreneurial Intentions of University Students in The Visegrad Countries. Studies in Higher Education, 44(2), 361-379. 

    상세보기

  79. Olokundun, M. A., Ibidunni, A. S., Peter, F., Amaihian, A. B., & Ogbari, M.(2017). Entrepreneurship Educator's Competence on University Students' Commitment to Learning And Business Plan Writing. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 16(2), 1-10. 

  80. Park, J. B., Yang, Y., & Kim, M.(2020). The Effect of Active Senior's Career Orientation and Educational Entrepreneurship Satisfaction on Entrepreneurship Intention and Entrepreneurship Preparation Behavior. Asia-Pacific Journal of Business Venturing and Entrepreneurship, 15(1), 285-301. 

  81. Piperopoulos, P., & Dimov, D.(2015). Burst Bubbles or Build Steam? Entrepreneurship Education, Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy, and Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Small Business Management, 53(4), 970-985. 

    상세보기

  82. Ronstadt, R.(1985). The Educated Entrepreneurs: A New Era of Entrepreneurial Education Is Beginning. American Journal of Small Business, 10(1), 7-23. 

    상세보기

  83. Segal, G., Borgia, D., & Schoenfeld, J.(2005). The Motivation to Become an Entrepreneur. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour & Research, 11(1), 42-57. 

    상세보기

  84. Seo, S. Y.(2019). Influence of Youth's Entrepreneurial Competence on Entrepreneurial Intention and Entrepreneurial Behavior: The Mediating Effect of Entrepreneurial Intention and The Moderating Effect of Entrepreneurial Education. Doctoral Dissertation, Chosun University. 

  85. Smith, B., & Morse, E.(2005). Entrepreneurial Competencies: Literature Review and Best Practices. Small Business Policy Branch, Industry Canada, Ottawa. 

  86. Son, S. H., Kim, J. D., & Chol, S. Y.(1997). An Overview of Promotion Educating Programs in Korea. Journal of Management, 18, 55-79. 

  87. Spencer, L. M., McClelland, D., & Spencer, S.(1997). Competency Assessment Methods. What Works: Assessment. Development, and Measurement, 1, 1-36. 

  88. Sung, C. S., Cho, S. H., & Byun, C. G.(2013). An Exploratory Study on Senior Entrepreneurial Start-up Needs. Productivity Review, 27(1), 287-312. 

    상세보기

  89. Swanson, E., Kim, S., Lee, S. M., Yang, J. J., & Lee, Y. K.(2020). The Effect of Leader Competencies on Knowledge Sharing and Job Performance: Social Capital Theory. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Management, 42, 88-96. 

    상세보기

  90. Thompson, E. R.(2009). Individual Entrepreneurial Intent: Construct Clarification and Development of an Internationally Reliable Metric. Entrepreneurship Theory and Practice, 33(3), 669-694. 

    상세보기

  91. Tsai, K. H., Chang, H. C., & Peng, C. Y.(2016). Extending the Link Between Entrepreneurial Self-Efficacy and Intention: A Moderated Mediation Model. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 12(2), 445-463. 

    상세보기

  92. Veciana, J. M., Aponte, M., & Urbano, D.(2005). University Students' Attitudes Towards Entrepreneurship: A Two Countries Comparison. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 1(2), 165-182. 

    상세보기

  93. Vorhies, D. W., & Morgan, N. A.(2005). Benchmarking Marketing Capabilities for Sustainable Competitive Advantage. Journal of Marketing, 69(1), 80-94. 

    상세보기

  94. Watson, K., & McGowan, P.(2019). Rethinking Competition-Based Entrepreneurship Education in Higher Education Institutions. Education+Training, 62(1), 31-46. 

  95. Welsh, D. H., Kaciak, E., Memili, E., & Zhou, Q. (2017). Work-family Balance and Marketing Capabilities As Determinants Of Chinese Women Entrepreneurs' Firm Performance. Journal of Global Marketing, 30(3), 174-191. 

    상세보기

  96. Weerakoon, C., & Kodithuwakku, S.(2018). Entrepreneurial Competencies and Entrepreneurial Orientation: Moderating Effects of Firm Age and Firm Size. Journal of Asia Entrepreneurship and Sustainability, 14(1), 75-100. 

  97. Yoo, B. H.(2014). A Study on Influential Factors of Self-leadership on Start-up Intention. Journal of the Korea Academia-Industrial cooperation Society, 15(3), 1382-1389. 

  98. Zarefard, M., & Cho, S. E.(2018). Entrepreneurs' Managerial Competencies and Innovative Start-Up Intentions in University Students: Focus on Mediating Factors. International Journal of Entrepreneurship, 22(2), 1-22. 

  99. Zhao, H., Seibert, S. E., & Hills, G. E.(2005). The Mediating Role of Self-Efficacy in the Development of Entrepreneurial Intentions. Journal of Applied Psychology, 90(6), 1265-1272. 

    상세보기

  100. Zuckerman, A. M.(2004). The Importance of Being Earnest About Your Business Plan. Healthcare Financial Management, 58(8), 100-101. 

    상세보기

저자의 다른 논문 :

관련 콘텐츠

이 논문과 함께 이용한 콘텐츠

저작권 관리 안내
섹션별 컨텐츠 바로가기

AI-Helper ※ AI-Helper는 오픈소스 모델을 사용합니다.

AI-Helper 아이콘
AI-Helper
안녕하세요, AI-Helper입니다. 좌측 "선택된 텍스트"에서 텍스트를 선택하여 요약, 번역, 용어설명을 실행하세요.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.

선택된 텍스트

맨위로