[논문]유체 주입 중단이 유발 지진 규모에 미치는 영향에 대한 수리역학적 기초 연구

임주휘; 민기복

doi:10.7474/tus.2022.32.3.203

유체 주입 중단이 유발 지진 규모에 미치는 영향에 대한 수리역학적 기초 연구
A Hydro-Mechanical Basic Study on the Effect of Shut-in on Injection-Induced Seismic Magnitude 원문보기

터널과 지하공간: 한국암반공학회지 = Tunnel and underground space, v.32 no.3, 2022년, pp.203 - 218

임주휘 (서울대학교 공과대학 에너지시스템공학부) , 민기복 (서울대학교 공과대학 에너지자원공학과)

초록
AI-Helper

본 연구에서는 유체 주입 중단과 유발 지진 규모의 관계에 대하여 수리역학적으로 분석하였다. 수리적 해석을 통해 공극압의 구배가 유체 주입 중단으로 인해 완만해짐과 동시에 주입 중단 이후에도 수 시간 동안 압력 선두에서 상당한 임계 공극압에 도달하면서 더 넓은 영역에서 추가적인 전단을 일으킬 수 있음을 확인하였다. 수리역학 복합 해석을 단순화된 균열모델에 적용함으로써 유체 주입 중단 후에 최대 규모의 지진이 발생하는 것을 모사하였고, 유체 주입을 유지하는 경우와의 비교를 통해 급작스런 유체 주입 중단이 지진 유발에 미치는 영향을 분석하였다. 또한 공극압의 분포 이외에도 단층 간의 기하학적 관계와 응력 재분배 등에 의해 임계 공극압의 구배가 변하며 이것이 유발 지진의 규모 평가에 중요하게 고려되어야 함을 확인하였다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

A hydro-mechanical study was performed to analyze the relationship between the magnitude of injection-induced seismicity and shut-in. In hydraulic analysis, the suspension of fluid injection makes the pore pressure gradient smaller while the pore pressure at the pressure front can reach the critical value for several hours after shut-in, which leads to the additional slip with wider area than during injection. The hydro-mechanical numerical analysis was performed to model the simplified fault system, and simulated the largest magnitude earthquake during shut-in stage. The effect of the abrupt suspension of fluid injection on the large magnitude earthquake was investigated in comparison with the continuous injection. In addition to the pore pressure distribution, it was found that the geometry of multiple faults and the stress redistribution are also important in evaluating the magnitude of the induced seismicity.

주제어

표/그림 (11)

그림 Fig. 1. A schematic diagram of pore pressure distribution and shear slip area increase after the suspension of fluid injection (Mukuhira et al., 2017)
그림 Fig. 2. A schematic model for hydraulic analysis
표 Table 1. Input parameters for hydraulic analysis
그림 Fig. 3. Pore pressure distribution of hydraulic analysis after 118 hours of fluid injection. The boundary of stimulated zone is located at about 2,500 m with drastic change of pressure spatial gradient
그림 Fig. 4. Stimulated zone boundary and the shearing area over time for cases of continuous injection and shut-in. The dashed vertical line indicates the shut-in moment. The shearing area is equal to the increment of stimulated zone boundary
그림 Fig. 5. Two geometrical models considered for the current study. The thick lines indicate faults
표 Table 2. Input parameters for UDEC numerical simulation
그림 Fig. 6. Induced earthquake magnitude and pore pressures for Case 1.(a) The moment magnitude of Case 1 over time. The pressure distribution of Case 1 at (b) t=8h (during injection), (c) t=16h (shut-in moment), (d) t=25h (after shut-in), (e) t=21h (with continuous injection) (continued)
그림 Fig. 6. Induced earthquake magnitude and pore pressures for Case 1.(a) The moment magnitude of Case 1 over time. The pressuredistribution of Case 1 at (b) t=8h (during injection), (c) t=16h (shut-in moment), (d) t=25h (after shut-in), (e) t=21h (withcontinuous injection) (continued)
그림 Fig. 7. Induced earthquake magnitude and pore pressures for Case 2. (a) The moment magnitude of Case 2 over time. The pressure distribution of Case 2 at (b) t=8h (during injection), (c) t=16h (shut-in moment), (d) t=21h (after shut-in), (e) t=21h (with continuous injection)
그림 Fig. 7. Induced earthquake magnitude and pore pressures for Case 2. (a) The moment magnitude of Case 2 over time. The pressure distribution of Case 2 at (b) t=8h (during injection), (c) t=16h (shut-in moment), (d) t=21h (after shut-in), (e) t=21h (with continuous injection)(continued)

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