[논문]캐나다 보퍼트해 진흙화산(MV420) 내 가스하이드레이트 부존을 지시하는 지구물리학적 증거

최연진; 김영균; 강승구; 진영근; 홍종국; 정우근; 신성렬

doi:10.7582/gge.2023.26.1.018

캐나다 보퍼트해 진흙화산(MV420) 내 가스하이드레이트 부존을 지시하는 지구물리학적 증거
Geophysical Evidence Indicating the Presence of Gas Hydrates in a Mud Volcano(MV420) in the Canadian Beaufort Sea 원문보기

지구물리와 물리탐사 = Geophysics and geophysical exploration, v.26 no.1, 2023년, pp.18 - 30

최연진 (한국해양과학기술원 부설 극지연구소 지권연구본부) , 김영균 (강원대학교 지구자원연구소) , 강승구 (한국해양과학기술원 부설 극지연구소 지권연구본부) , 진영근 (한국해양과학기술원 부설 극지연구소 지권연구본부) , 홍종국 (한국해양과학기술원 부설 극지연구소 지권연구본부) , 정우근 (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과) , 신성렬 (한국해양대학교 에너지자원공학과)

초록
AI-Helper

해저 진흙화산은 유동화/기화된 퇴적물이 표층으로 분출하여 만들어진 화산과 유사한 지형이다. 진흙화산은 지하의 열, 퇴적물이나 탄화수소를 지상으로 공급하는 공급원으로 관심을 받고 있다. 북극 캐나다 보퍼트 해의 대륙사면에는 다양한 수심에서 진흙화산이 존재한다고 알려져 있다. 수심 420 m에 위치한 MV420 진흙화산은 현재 분출하고 있는 활동성 진흙화산으로 많은 연구 대상이 되고 있다. 극지연구소에서는 쇄빙연구선 아라온호를 이용하여 MV420을 통과하는 고해상도 다중채널 탄성파 자료를 획득하였고, 진흙 분출구 주변에서 지열 관측을 수행하였다. 탄성파 자료에서는 가스하이드레이트에 의한 해저면모사반사파(bottom simulating reflector, BSR)로 추정되는 역위상 반사파를 확인하였다. 탄성파 자료의 BSR이 가스하이드레이트에 의한 반사파인지 확인하기 위하여, 정상 상태의 열방정식을 바탕으로 MV420 내부의 열구조를 수치적으로 모사하였다. 그리고 모사한 지열온도 모델을 이용하여 가스하이드레이트 안정영역의 하부 경계를 추정하였다. BSR의 깊이와 가스하이드레이트 안정영역의 하부 경계를 비교한 결과, 두 자료가 일치하며 이는 가스하이드레이트의 부존을 암시하는 지구물리학적 증거 중의 하나이다. 선행 연구 결과는 MV420의 분출구에서 표층에 가스하이드레이트가 부존한다는 것을 보여주었으며, 이번 연구의 결과는 분출구와의 거리에 따라 최대 50 m 깊이까지 가스하이드레이트가 존재할 수 있음을 시사한다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Submarine mud volcanos are topographic features that resemble volcanoes, and are formed due to eruptions of fluidized or gasified sediment material. They have gained attention as a source of subsurface heat, sediment, or hydrocarbons supplied to the surface. In the continental slope of the Canadian Beaufort Sea, mud volcano exists at various water depths. The MV420, is an active mud volcano erupting at a water depth of 420 meters, and it has been the subject of extensive study. The Korea Polar Research Institute(KOPRI) collected high-resolution seismic data and heat flow data around the caldera of the mud volcano. By analyzing the multi-channel seismic data, we confirmed the reverse-polarity reflector assumed by a gas hydrate-related bottom simulating reflector(BSR). To further elucidate the relationship between the BSR and gas hydrates, as well as the thermal structure of the mud volcano, a numerical geothermal model was developed based on the steady-state heat equation. Using this model, we estimated the base of the gas hydrate stability zone and found that the BSR depth estimated by multi-channel seismic data and the bottom of the gas hydrate stability zone were in good agreement., This suggests the presence of gas hydrates, and it was determined that the depth of the gas hydrate was likely up to 50 m, depending on the distance from the mud conduit. Thus, this depth estimate slightly differs from previous studies.

주제어

표/그림 (10)

그림 Fig. 1. blue circle indicates the heat flow measurement station, and the black circle indicates the box core location. The solid red line describes the seismic track of the MCS05 line, and the white circle shows the seismic shot point number.
그림 Fig. 2. Schematic illustration of the multi-channel seismic survey layout for ARA05C.
그림 Fig. 3. The raw shot-gathers for seismic survey line "MCS05". The shot location is shown by the white circle in Fig. 1b.
그림 Fig. 4. Measured temperature versus depth profile(modified Kim et al. (2022)). The solid line indicates the measured temperature, and the dashed line shows the extrapolated temperature profile to a depth of 100 m.
그림 Fig. 5. The raw shot-gathers for seismic survey line "MCS05". The shot location shows Fig. 1b of the white circle symbol.
그림 Fig. 6. (a) Final migrated seismic section at the MCS05 line. (b) the enlarged images around the MV420. The yellow dashed line indicates the BSR, and the white dashed line shows the seafloor. (c) detailed bathymetry map of the MV420 showing the BSR location. The solid red line marks the BSR. The black circle is the CMP number of the migrated seismic section.
표 Table 1. Parameters for thermal modeling.
그림 Fig. 8. Theoretical gas hydrate stability graph at the continental slope of the Canadian Beaufort Sea. (a) is located outside the MV420. The sediment temperature at the surface is estimated to be 0.5°C at the surface and the geothermal gradient is estimated to be 24.0 mK/m. (b) is located inside the MV420. The sediment temperature profiles are from the final stage of geothermal model.
그림 Fig. 7. (a) Initial, (b) iteration number # 1000, (c) iteration number # 5000. (d) final temperature model for thermal modeling. The inverted triangle is the location of the temperature profile to calculate the base of GHSZ.
그림 Fig. 9. Comparison between the BSR of seismic data and the theoretical gas hydrate stability curve. (a) is the gas hydrate stabilization curve on the Canadian continental slope outside MV420. (b) is a seismic migration image around MV420. A yellow dashed line indicates the locations of the BSR. (c) is the gas hydrate stability curve inside MV420. The sediment temperature was extracted from the final stage of the geothermal model at a distance of 200 m.

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용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

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