[논문]액정 엘라스토머 섬유의 이해와 연구동향

김영빈; 김대석

doi:10.14478/ace.2023.1045

[국내논문] 액정 엘라스토머 섬유의 이해와 연구동향
Understanding and Research Trends in Liquid Crystal Elastomer Fibers 원문보기

공업화학 = Applied chemistry for engineering, v.34 no.4, 2023년, pp.347 - 356

김영빈 (부경대학교 공업화학.고분자공학부 고분자공학전공) , 김대석 (부경대학교 공업화학.고분자공학부 고분자공학전공)

초록
AI-Helper

액정 엘라스토머 섬유는 1차원 형태로서 소프트 로봇, 생체모방 구동기 등의 다양한 분야에서 광범위하게 응용되고 있다. 액정 엘라스토머는 액체의 유동성과 고체의 질서도 그리고 고무의 탄성을 포함하며 이를 바탕으로 한 자극-응답성을 가지고 있다. 특히, 형상가변 측면에서 열, 빛, 전기장, 자기장 등의 다양한 자극에 대한 응답성을 프로그래밍하여 사용하면 높은 자유도와 더불어 물건 들어올리기, 꼬임, 회전 등 다양한 움직임을 구현할 수 있다. 따라서, 액정 엘라스토머 섬유는 인공근육, 소프트로봇, 웨어러블 기술, 센싱 기술 등 다양한 분야로의 응용가능성을 가지고 있다. 이런 액정 엘라스토머 섬유의 연구는 기존 단순 섬유를 넘어서는 다양한 기능성을 포함할 수 있는 스마트 소재로서 도래한 4차 산업에서 다양한 분야에 활용도가 높다고 평가된다. 본 총설에서는 액정 엘라스토머 섬유의 구조 및 기본 특성에 대해 소개하고, 배향 기반 제작법과 이를 이용한 인공근육, 스마트 패브릭, 소프트 로봇 등, 다양한 응용에 대해 최신 연구 동향을 소개한다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Liquid crystal elastomer (LCE) fibers have been widely applied in various fields, such as soft robots and biomimetic actuators, in a one-dimensional form. LCEs possess the characteristics of both fluidity and solid order, as well as the elasticity of rubber, and exhibit stimulus-response based on these properties. In particular, by programming the responsiveness to various stimuli such as heat, light, electric fields, and magnetic fields in terms of shape-changing, various movements such as lifting, twisting, and rotating can be realized with high degrees of freedom. Therefore, LCE fibers have the potential for application in various fields such as artificial muscles, soft robots, wearable technologies, and sensing technologies. The research on liquid crystal elastomer fibers is evaluated to have high applicability in various fields in the Fourth Industrial Revolution as a smart material that can include various functionalities beyond simple fibers. In this review, we introduce the structure and basic characteristics of liquid crystal elastomer fibers, the latest research trends on orientation-based fabrication methods, and various applications such as artificial muscles, smart fabrics, and soft robots.

주제어

표/그림 (9)

그림 Figure 1. (a) Structure and property of LCE. (b) Scheme of nematic-isotropic phase transition by heat. (c) Cis-trans photo-isomerization of azobenzene group by UV light. (Reprinted with permission from [16]). (d) Photothermal effect of nano metal particle. (Reprinted with permission from [19]).
그림 Figure 2. (a) One-step polymerization method with pre-oriented LCE precursor. (b) Two-step polymerization method with post-treatment.
그림 Figure 3. (a) Fabrication of LCE fiber by dipping-pulling method. One is uniaxial LCE fiber and the other is twist LCE fiber. (b) Photograph of LCE fiber using dipping-pulling method. (Reprinted with permission from [28]).
그림 Figure 4. (a) Scheme of template method for LCE fiber (b) Fabrication of homeotropic and planar alignment by controlling surface anchoring energy.(Reprinted with permission from [29]) (c) Template method for hollow tube shape LCE fiber.(Reprinted with permission from [24]) (d) New template strategy for complex structure with LCE fiber. (Reprinted with permission from [30]).
그림 Figure 5. (a) Illustration of 3D printing method for LCE fiber. (Reprinted with permission from [31]). (b) Parameters of 3D printing for good oriented LCE fiber. (Reprinted with permission from [32]). (c) Core-shell LCE fiber with modified 3D printer (Reprinted with permission from [35]). (d) Core-shell LCE fiber with different alignment by temperature control. (Reprinted with permission from [36]). (e) Fabrication of LCE fiber with rotation collector. (Reprinted with permission from [37]).
그림 Figure 6. (a) Electrospinning for LCE fiber. (Reprinted with permission from [38]). (b) Near-field electrospinning method for low voltage. (Reprinted with permission from [39]). (c) Wet electro-spinning method for coagulation. (Reprinted with permission from [40]. (d) Dry electro-spinning method for evaporation. (Reprinted with permission from [39]).
그림 Figure 7. Examples of human-inspired system using LCE fiber. (a) Strong and large contractive artificial muscle using LCE fiber with graphene filler. (Reprinted with permission from [31]). (b) LCE fiber based artificial muscle with high degree of freedom. (Reprinted with permission from [24]). (c) LCE fiber that can be used for a wide range of artificial muscles, joints, and micro tweezers. (Reprinted with permission from [37]).
그림 Figure 8. Examples of smart fabric with LCE fiber. (a) Smart LCE fiber and clothing that provides ventilation according to temperature change. (Reprinted with permission from [41]). (b) Shape-reversible wearable fabric using LCE fiber that provides deformation from 1D to 2D, 3D. (Reprinted with permission from [42]). (c) Mechano-chromic LCE fiber based on chiral liquid crystal. (Reprinted with permission from [28]).
그림 Figure 9. (a) Bio-inspired helical soft spring LCE fiber actuator which have self-winding, oscillating and grasping ability. (Reprinted with permission from [43]). (b) Rotating micro-engine for energy harvesting using LCE twist fiber. (Reproduced from reference [27]). (c) Peristaltic pump actuator using LCE fiber. (Reprinted with permission from [44]).

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표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

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용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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