[논문]지속가능한 미래를 위한 폐플라스틱의 촉매 업사이클링 연구 동향

권태은; 노인수

doi:10.9713/kcer.2023.61.4.505

지속가능한 미래를 위한 폐플라스틱의 촉매 업사이클링 연구 동향
Advancing Towards a Sustainable Future: Recent Trends in Catalytic Upcycling of Waste Plastics 원문보기

Korean chemical engineering research = 화학공학, v.61 no.4, 2023년, pp.505 - 516

권태은 (서울과학기술대학교 화공생명공학과) , 노인수 (서울과학기술대학교 화공생명공학과)

초록
AI-Helper

플라스틱은 가공과 처리가 간단하여 매년 생산량이 증가하고 있으며 이에 따라 플라스틱 폐기물의 양 또한 매년 증가하고 있다. 플라스틱 폐기물 문제를 해결하기 위하여 촉매를 활용한 업사이클링 공정은 유망한 해결책으로 제시되고 있다. 다양한 금속(Ru, Pt 등) 및 지지체(TiO₂, CeO₂ 등)가 폴리 올레핀계 플라스틱의 화학적 재활용에 적용되었다. 입자 크기를 조절하고, 지지체의 특성 및 이종 금속을 도입하여 액체 연료의 선택도를 향상시키고 메탄 생성 양을 줄이려는 시도가 있었다. 한편으로는 값비싼 귀금속의 양을 줄임으로써 최적의 촉매를 찾기 위한 연구를 진행하였다. 본 논문에서는 이러한 hydrogenolysis 반응 및 hydrocracking 반응에서 경제성을 높이기 위하여 어떠한 시도들이 있었는지 살펴보고자 한다. 이러한 관점에서 촉매 업사이클링 공정을 통해 플라스틱 폐기물 문제를 해결할 가능성을 제시하고자 한다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Plastic's ease of processing drives its growing production, resulting in a surge of plastic waste. Addressing this issue, catalytic upcycling emerges as a promising remedy. Various metals (Ru, Pt, etc.) and supports (TiO2, CeO2, etc.) have been employed for the chemical recycling of polyolefin plastics. Strategies to enhance liquid fuel selectivity and minimize methane include manipulating particle size, introducing heterogeneous metals, and tuning support characteristics. Simultaneously, endeavors to optimize catalysts by reducing precious metal usage were pursued. This study explores enhancing economic viability in hydrogenolysis and hydrocracking reactions, underscoring the potential of catalystdriven upcycling to tackle plastic waste.

주제어

표/그림 (18)

그림 Fig. 1. Product lifetime distributions for the eight industrial use sectors plotted as log-normal probability distribution functions (PDF). Note that sectors other and textiles have the same PDF. Adapted with permission from ref [22] Copyright © 2017, R. Geyer et al.
표 Table 1. Summarized plastics waste treatment per country
그림 Fig. 2. (a) CO₂-equivalent emissions of landfilling, incineration, mechanical and chemical recycling of waste plastics in different stages. (b) Statistics on the number of studies related to plastic chemical recycling from 2000 to 2021. Adapted with permission from ref [24]. Copyright © 2022, American Chemical Society.
그림 Fig. 5. Proposed Scheme for Ideal Hydrocracking of PE (Top) and PP (Bottom) over Ruthenium Nanoparticles Supported on Brønsted-Acidic Supports. Adapted with permission from ref [31]. Copyright © 2022, American Chemical Society.
그림 Fig. 6. Time-dependent isotactic polypropylene (i-PP) hydrogenolysis over Ru/TiO₂. Yields vs reaction time of major products with polymer/catalyst weight ratio of 20 (a) and 40 (b) over Ru/TiO₂. Adapted with permission from ref [12]. Copyright © 2021, American Chemical Society.
그림 Fig. 8. HRTEM images of the Ru/TiO₂-A and Ru/TiO₂-R catalyst, and LDPE conversion over Ru/TiO₂ catalysts with different phase of TiO₂. Reprinted from ref [14], with permission from Elsevier.
그림 Fig. 9. Catalytic performances of Ru catalysts for LDPE hydrogenolysis. (A) Catalytic performance of Ru SAC and 2Ru/CeO₂ on n-hexadecane hydrogenolysis. Reprinted from ref [17], Copyright © 2023 Mingyu Chu et al.
그림 Fig. 10. Graphical abstract of Size-Controlled Nanoparticles Embedded in a Mesoporous Architecture Leading to Efficient and Selective Hydrogenolysis of Polyolefins. Reprinted from Ref [37], Copyright © 2022, American Chemical Society.
표 Table 2. Summarized hydrogenolysis reaction results
그림 Fig. 13. Effect of selective poisoning of Pt/WO₃/ZrO₂ or HY(30) zeolite by pyridine on reaction performance. Conditions: 275 °C, 1 hour, and 30 bar H₂. Reprinted from ref [39], Copyright © 2021 Sibao Liu et al.
그림 Fig. 15. (a) Liquid yield as a function of the quantity of acid sites estimated by NH₃-TPD (μmol NH₃/g) for PE (avg. Mw 4000 Da) deconstruction at 200℃, 30 bar H₂, 16 h, 700 mg PE, 600 RPM, over 5 wt% Ru-based catalysts on various supports (50 mg) at hydrogen conversions between 20 and 35%; (b) liquid yield as a function of Ru dispersion (%) for the reaction conditions given in panel (a); (c) liquid yield as a function of the quantity of acid sites estimated by NH₃-TPD (μmol NH₃/g) for PP (avg. Mw 12,000 Da) deconstruction at 215℃, 30 bar H₂, 16 h, 700 mg PP, 600 RPM, over 5 wt% Ru-based catalysts on various supports (50 mg) at hydrogen conversions between 6 and 14%; (d) liquid yield as a function of Ru dispersion (%) for the reaction conditions given in panel (c). Adapted with permission from ref [31]. Copyright © 2022, American Chemical Society.
표 Table 3. Summarized hydrocracking reaction results.

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표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

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용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

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