[논문]서해 중부 태안반도 북부 해역의 장안사퇴 표층퇴적물 분포 특성

장태수; 이은일; 변도성; 이화영; 백승균

doi:10.7850/jkso.2024.29.1.014

서해 중부 태안반도 북부 해역의 장안사퇴 표층퇴적물 분포 특성
Distribution Patterns of Surface Sediments of the Jangan Linear Sand Ridge off the Northern Taean Peninsula, in the Mid-west Coast of Korea

바다 : 한국해양학회지 = The sea : the journal of the Korean society of oceanography, v.29 no.1, 2024년, pp.14 - 27

장태수 (전남대학교 지구환경과학부) , 이은일 (포항공과대학교 기후변화및대응기술연구소) , 변도성 (국립해양조사원) , 이화영 (국립해양조사원) , 백승균 (지마텍(주))

초록
AI-Helper

빈사 상태의 대륙붕 사퇴와는 달리, 연안 사퇴는 활동성이 높으며 주변 해양환경변화에 민감하게 반응하기 때문에 해저지형변화의 관점에서 관심의 대상이다. 대산항에서 불과 5 km 떨어진 장안사퇴는 지난 20여 년 동안 격심한 해저지형변화를 겪어오고 있다. 이러한 해저지형변화의 원인을 밝히기 위해서는 사퇴의 특성을 이해하는 것이 중요하다. 이러한 맥락에서 이 연구는 장안사퇴와 주변해역의 퇴적물 분포 양상을 이해하고자, 그랩식 채니기를 사용하여 총 227점의 퇴적물을 획득하고 체질-피펫방식의 입도분석을 수행하였다. 또한 1997년의 입도자료와 비교를 통해 지난 25년 동안의 퇴적물 입도 변화를 조사하였다. 장안사퇴의 중심부는 평균 입도 2-3∅의 중립사 내지는 세립사로 이루어졌으며, 사퇴의 골은 -2-6∅의 자갈과 니사질역으로 구성된다. 사퇴의 능선 퇴적물은 양호한 분급의 정규분포를 보인 반면에 사퇴의 기저 퇴적물은 불량한 분급과 주로 자갈퇴적물에 소량의 세립 퇴적물이 혼합된 양(+)의 왜도를 나타낸다. 사퇴의 중심부 퇴적물은 소량의 잔자갈의 혼합된 음(-)의 왜도를 보인다. 1997-2021년 동안 장안사퇴의 퇴적물은 전반적으로 0.5∅정도 조립해진 것으로 보이며, 겨울철 고파랑의 영향으로 세립질 퇴적물이 제거되었거나 해사채취 시 부유사의 제거로 설명할 수 있다. 표층퇴적물의 공간분포 양상을 미루어 볼 때 잔류 자갈 위에 30 m에 달하는 사퇴 본체가 놓인 것으로 추정된다. 사퇴 비대칭성, 기저면의 노출과 재동이 심한 잔류 자갈의 존재는 장안사퇴가 퇴적물 공급이 충분하지 않음을, 따라서 침식 상태에 놓여 있음을 시사한다.

Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

Unlike the shelf sand ridges moribund in motion, nearshore sand ridges are highly mobile, sensitive to changes in ocean environments, thereby becoming of particular interest with respect to morphological changes. About 5 km off the Daesan port, the Jangan Sand Ridge has been undergoing severe subsea morphological change over the past two decades. Understanding the nature of sand ridges is critical to elucidate the causes of morphological changes. In this context, this study aims at understanding the characteristics and distribution patterns of surface sediments of the ridge and its vicinity. For this purpose, 227 sediment samples were acquired using a grab-sampler, the grain sizes being analysed by the sieve-pipette method. In addition, comparison of grain sizes in sediments between 1997 and 2021 was made in order to investigate the 25-years change in sediment composition. Surface sediments along the ridge axis are fine to medium sands with 2-3 phi in mean grain size, whereas, in the trough of ridge, the sediments are composed of gravels and muddy sandy gravels with mean sizes of -2 to -6 phi. Sediments in the crest of the ridge are well-sorted with normal distribution, on the other hand, the basal sediments are poorly-sorted and positively skewed. Along the ridge crest, the sediments are negatively skewed. From 1997 to 2021, the ridge sediments became largely coarser about 0.5 phi. Such coarsening trend in mean grain size can be explained either by elimination of fine sediments during high waves in winter or elimination of fines suspended during sand mining activities in the past. Spatial distribution pattern of surface sediments shows that ca. 30 m thick of the sand ridge itself overlies the thin relict gravels. The strong asymmetry of sand ridge, the exposure of ridge base, and reworked gravel lags suggest that Jangan sand ridge is probably sediment-deficit and hence erosive in nature at present.

주제어

표/그림 (8)

그림 Fig. 1. Location map showing grab-sampling stations marked by black dots and two transect lines across the Jangan Sand Ridge. Contour in meter.
그림 Fig. 2. Distribution map of surface sediment types of the Jangan Sand Ridge in 2021. Sedimentary types are classified by Folk(1968)'s scheme.
그림 Fig. 3. Grab-sample pictures of major sediment types occurred along the Jangan Sand Ridge. (a) muddy sand gravel, (b) clean sand, (c) sandy gravel, and (d) gravel. Bucket size 10 cm x 10 cm for scale.
그림 Fig. 4. Distribution map showing each textural components of surface sediments in the vicinity of the Jangan Sand Ridge. Gravel (a), sand (b) and mud (c) contents.
그림 Fig. 5. Distribution map of textural parameters of surface sediments on the Jangan Sand Ridge. (a) mean grain size, (b) sorting, and (c) skewness values.
그림 Fig. 6. Comparison of mean grain size of surface sediments samples in 1997 and 2021 along two NW-SE transects. (a) the northern transect-line 1 and (b) the southern transect-line 2. See for the locations in Fig. 1. TWT is the two-way travel time extracted from the chirp profiles.
그림 Fig. 7. Ternary diagrams showing the textural classification of Jangan Sand Ridge sediments proposed by Folk(1968). The classification scheme for gravel-bearing sediments based on gravel/sand/mud ratios. In this study, the sampling locations used for the comparison are identical to Chu(2000)'s study.
그림 Fig. 8. Hypothetical reconstruction of the Jangan Sand Ridge based on the surface sediment distribution and bathymetry. Note that the pebble lags and muddy gravels are dominantly distributed on the base of sand ridge, whereas the sand ridge itself consists of mobile fine to medium sands.

참고문헌 (39)

Amos, C.L. and E.L. King, 1984. Sandwaves and sand ridges of the Canadian Eastern Seaboard: a comparison to global？occurrences. Marine Geology, 57(1-4): 167-208.
Ashley, G.M. and Symposium Chairperson, 1990. Classification of large-scale subaqueous bedforms: a new look at an old？problem. Journal of Sedimentary Petrology, 60: 160-172.
Bahng, H.K., H.Y. Lee, J.H. Chang, C.W. Lee and J.-K. Oh, 1994. History and characteristics of tidal sand ridges in？Kyeonggi Bay, Korea. Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography, 29(3): 278-286.
Berne, S., 2003. Offshore sands. In: Encyclopedia of Sediments and Sedimentary Rocks, edited by Middleton, V., Springer,？Dordrecht, pp. 492-499.
Berne, S., P. Vagner, F. Guichard, G. Lericolais, Z. Liu, A. Trentesaux, P. Yin and H.I. Yi, 2002. Pleistocene forced？regressions and tidal sand ridges in the East China Sea. Marine Geology, 188(3-4): 293-315.
Blott, S.J. and K. Pye, 2001. GRADISTAT: a grain size distribution and statistics package for the analysis of unconsolidated？sediments. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 26(11): 1237-1248.
Byun, D.-S. and D.E. Hart, 2018. Predicting tidal currents using 25-h observations through a complete tidal species？modulation with tidal current constant corrections method. Journal of Atmospheric and Oceanic Technology, 35:？2405-2420.

상세보기
Carver, R.E., 1971. Procedures in Sedimentary Petrology. Wiley-Interscience, New York, 652 pp.
Caston, V.N.D., 1972. Linear sand banks in the southern North Sea. Sedimentology, 18(1-2): 63-78.
Chang, T.S., G.-H. Min, Y.K. Seo, H.J. Ha, and K.H. Baik, 2012. Morphology investigations associated bedforms of tidal？sand ridges using a multibeam echo sounder: western offshore of Eocheong Island. Korean Journal of Hydrography, 1:？57-65.
Chang, T.S., S.-P. Kim, D.G. Yoo, S. Lee and E. Lee, 2010. A large mid-channel sand bar in the macrotidal seaway of outer？Asan Bay, Korea: 30 years of morphologic response to anthropogenic impacts. Geo-Marine Letters, 30: 15-22.

상세보기
Chu, Y.S., 2000. Sediment dynamics and maintenance processes of linear tidal sand body: Jangan sandbank in the central？west coast of Korea. Ph.D. Thesis, Seoul National University, Seoul, 240 pp.
Cummings, D.I., R.W. Dalrymple, K. Choi and J.H. Jin, 2016. The Tide-dominated Han River Delta, Korea: Geomorphology,？Sedimentology, and Stratigraphic Architecture. Elsevier, Amsterdam, 376 pp.
Dalrymple, R.W., 2010. Tidal depositional systems. In: Facies Models 4, edited by James, N.P. and Dalrymple, R.W.,？Geological Association of Canada, Newfoundland, pp. 201-231.
Dyer, K.R. and D.A. Huntley, 1999. The origin, classification and modelling of sand banks and ridges. Continental Shelf？Research, 19: 1285-1330.
Emery, K.O., 1968. Relict sediments on continental shelves of the world. AAPG Bulletin, 52(3): 445-464.
Flemming, B.W., 2005. Tidal environments. In: Encyclopedia of Coastal Science, edited by Schwartz, M., Springer, Berlin,？pp. 1180-1185.
Folk, R.L. and W.C. Ward, 1957. Brazos river bar: a study in the significance of grain size parameters. Journal of？Sedimentary Petrology, 27(1): 3-26.
Folk, R.L., 1968. Petrology of Sedimentary Rocks. Hemphill's, Austin, Texas, 170 pp.
Hulscher, S.J.M.H., H.E. de Swart and H.J. de Vriend, 1993. The generation of offshore tidal sand banks and sand waves.？Continental Shelf Research, 13(11): 1183-1204.

상세보기
Huthnance, J.M., 1982a. On mechanism forming linear sand banks. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Science, 14(1): 79-99.
Huthnance, J.M., 1982b. On formation of sand banks. Estuarine Coastal Shelf Science, 15(3): 277-299.
Jin, J.H. and S.K. Chough, 2002. Erosional shelf sand ridges in the mid-eastern Yellow Sea. Geo-Marine Letters, 21: 219-225.
Jung, W.Y., B.C. Suk, G.H. Min and Y.K. Lee, 1998. Sedimentary structure and origin of a mud-cored pseudo-tidal sand？ridge, eastern Yellow Sea, Korea. Marine Geology, 151(1-4): 73-88.
Klein, G.D.V., Y.A. Park, J.H. Chang and C.S. Kim, 1982. Sedimentology of a subtidal, tide-dominated sand body in the？Yellow Sea, southwest Korea. Marine Geology, 50(3): 221-240.

상세보기
Kum, B.-C., D.-H. Shin, S.-K. Jung, S. Jang, N.-D. Jang and J.-K. Oh, 2010a. Morphological features of bedforms and their？changes due to marine sand mining in southern Gyeonggi Bay. Ocean and Polar Research, 32: 337-350.

원문보기 상세보기
Kum, B.-C., D.-H. Shin, S.-K. Jung, Y.K. Lee and J.-K. Oh, 2010b. Morphological characteristics and control factors of？bedforms in southern Gyeonggi Bay, Yellow Sea. Journal of Korean Earth Science Society, 31: 608-624.
Lee, H.J., H.R. Jo and Y.S. Chu, 2006. Dune migration on macrotidal flats under symmetrical tidal flows: Garolim Bay,？Korea. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 76(2): 284-291.

상세보기
Off, T., 1963. Rhythmic linear sand bodies caused by tidal currents. Bulletin of American Association of Petroleum？Geologists, 47(2): 324-341.
Park, S.C. and D.G. Yoo, 1997. Bedform distribution and sand transport trend on a subtidal sand ridge in a macrotidal bay,？west coast of Korea. Journal of the Korean Society of Oceanography, 32: 181-190.

원문보기 상세보기
Park, S.C. and S.D. Lee, 1994. Depositional patterns of sand ridges in tide-dominated shallow water environments: Yellow？Sea coast and South Sea of Korea. Marine Geology, 120(1-2): 89-103.
Park, S.-C., B.-H. Lee, H.-S. Han, D.-G. Yoo and C.-W. Lee, 2006. Late Quaternary stratigraphy and development of tidal？sand ridges in the eastern Yellow Sea. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 76(9): 1093-1105.

상세보기
Park, S.-C., H.-S. Han and D.-G. Yoo, 2003. Transgressive sand ridges on the mid-shelf of the southern sea of Korea (Korea？Strait): formation and development in high-energy environments. Marine Geology, 193(1-2): 1-18.
Robinson, M.M. and R.A. McBride, 2008. Anatomy of a shoreface sand ridge revisited using foraminifera: False Cape？Shoals, Virginia/North Carolina inner shelf. Continental Shelf Research, 28(17): 2428-2441.

상세보기
Shin, D.-H., B.-C. Kum, E.Y. Park, H.-I. Lee and J.-K. Oh, 2004. Seasonal sedimentary characteristics and depositional？environments after the construction of seawall on the Iwon macrotidal flat. Journal of Korean Earth Science Society,？25(7): 615-628.
Snedden, J.W., R.W. Tillman and S.J. Culver, 2011. Genesis and evolution of a mid-shelf, storm-built sand ridge, New？Jersey continental shelf, U.S.A. Journal of Sedimentary Research, 81(7): 534-552.

상세보기
Stride, A.H., R.H. Belderson, N.H. Kenyon and M.A. Johnson, 1982. Offshore tidal deposits: sand sheet and sand bank？facies. In: Offshore Tidal Sands: Processes and Deposits, edited by Stride, A.H., Chapman and Hall, London, pp. 95-125.
Swift, D.J.P., D.J. Stanley and J.R. Curray, 1971. Relict sediments on continental shelves: a reconsideration. Journal of？Geology, 79(3): 322-346.
Yoon, S.S., K.S. Kim, and J.I. Chang, 2017. Utilization of sea sand and improvement of management system. Korea？Martitime Institute, Report 2017-20, 116 pp.？

저자의 다른 논문 :

표제어: PCR

동의어: Packet Collision Rate

용어 설명 출처 목록 (6)

용어 설명: PCR은 세균 특이성이 있는 primer를 이용하여 적은 수의 세균이 있을지라도 쉽게 검출할 수 있는 유용한 방법이며, 이를 이용하여 구강 내 치면세균막이나 타액에서 직접 세균을 검출할 수 있게 되었다[8].

내보내기 구분	파일저장 인쇄 메일전송
구성항목	기본정보 상세정보 관리번호, 논문명, 저널/프로시딩명, 저자 , 발행년, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, 발행기관 관리번호, 논문명, 대등논문명, 저자 , 저널/프로시딩명, 발행기관, 발행년, 발행언어, 권, 호, 시작페이지, 끝페이지, ISBN, ISSN, 주제분야, 키워드, 초록(한글), 초록(영문), 저자(소속기관)
저장형식	Text(ASCII format) Excel format RefWorks Direct Export RIS format (for Reference Manager, ProCite, EndNote), Scholar's Aids, Mendeley
메일정보	받는사람 (필수) @ 보내는사람 (선택) @ 제목 내용 KISTI 검색결과 이메일 서비스
안내	총 건의 자료가 검색되었습니다. 다운받으실 자료의 인덱스를 입력하세요. (1-10,000) 검색결과의 순서대로 최대 10,000건 까지 다운로드가 가능합니다. 데이타가 많을 경우 속도가 느려질 수 있습니다.(최대 2~3분 소요) 다운로드 파일은 UTF-8 형태로 저장됩니다. 파일의 내용이 제대로 보이지 않을실 때는 웹브라우저 상단의 보기 -> 인코딩 -> 자동선택 여부를 확인하십시오. ~ Text(ASCII format) Excel format

연합인증