[논문]Relationship between microfilaria count and sensitivity of the direct smear for diagnosis of canine dirofilariosis

Courtney, Charles H; Zeng, Qi-Yun

doi:10.1016/s0304-4017(00)00377-0

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AbstractDirect blood smear examination (using 0.05ml of whole blood) detected 168 (80.9%) of 204 microfilaremic canine blood samples as determined by the modified Knott test for microfilariae (mff) of Dirofilaria immitis (using 1ml of whole blood). Direct smear examination detected all of 134 microf...

AbstractDirect blood smear examination (using 0.05ml of whole blood) detected 168 (80.9%) of 204 microfilaremic canine blood samples as determined by the modified Knott test for microfilariae (mff) of Dirofilaria immitis (using 1ml of whole blood). Direct smear examination detected all of 134 microfilaremias greater than 50mffml−1, but only 31 of 70 (44.3%) microfilaremias having less than 50mffml−1. In a separate retrospective query of a database of 963 dogs with necropsy-confirmed heartworm infections, 834 (86.6%) were positive by the DiroCHEK heartworm antigen test, and 504 (52.3%) were microfilaremic by the modified Knott test. Only 2 (0.4%) of the microfilaremic dogs were DiroCHEK negative and another 18 (3.6%) were very weak positives. Although these microfilaremic dogs were not tested by direct smear, only one of the two DiroCHEK-negative and six of 18 weakly DiroCHEK-positive dogs had microfilaremias so low that a direct smear may have given a false negative result. Significant adverse reactions to either diethylcarbamazine or the macrolide endectocides have not been reported for microfilaremias less than 500mffml−1, thus substitution of the direct smear for a concentration test for mff, such as the modified Knott test or membrane filtration, does not appear to increase the risk of an unexpected adverse reaction to heartworm prophylactic drugs. Such a substitution results in only a very slight decrease (on the order of 0.1%) in the overall sensitivity of heartworm screening, provided a test for mff is run concurrently with an antigen test. If a test for mff is the only screening test used, then substitution of a direct smear for a concentration test may decrease the sensitivity of heartworm screening by nearly 20%, depending on the prevalence of low level microfilaremias in the population of dogs tested.

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Courtney, C.H., Zeng, Q.-Y., 1989. The structure of heartworm populations in dogstpandtpcats in Florida. In: Otto, G.F. (Ed.), Proceedings of the Heartworm Symposium ’89, American Heartworm Society, Washington, DC, pp. 1-6.
Courtney, C.H., Zeng, Q.-Y., Maler, M.M., 1999. The effect of chronic administration of milbemycin oxime and ivermectin on microfilaremias in heartworm-infected dogs. In: Seward, R.L., Knight, D.H. (Eds.), Proceedings of the Recent Advances in Heartworm Disease: Symposium ’98, American Heartworm Society, Batavia, IL, pp. 193-199.
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Tropenmed. Parasitol. Palumbo 32 115 1981 Observations on the adverse reaction to diethylcarbamazine in Dirofilaria immitis-infected dogs

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[해외논문] Relationship between microfilaria count and sensitivity of the direct smear for diagnosis of canine dirofilariosis

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[해외논문] Relationship between microfilaria count and sensitivity of the direct smear for diagnosis of canine dirofilariosis

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