[논문]The relation of aggregate statistics on beliefs to culture and cognition

doi:10.1016/S0304-422X(00)00010-3

[해외논문] The relation of aggregate statistics on beliefs to culture and cognition

Poetics, v.28 no.1, 2000년, pp.5 - 20

Martin, John Levi (Dept. of Sociology, Rutgers University, 54 Joyce Kilmer Ave., Piscataway NJ 08854 8045, USA)

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AbstractThis paper examines a tradition of empirical research that attempts to infer the existence of some form of cognitive ordering of beliefs by using aggregate data from some sample of respondents. This approach is called ‘associationist’ in that the non-independence between two or more beliefs in the aggregate is taken as an indicator of the cognitive association between these beliefs within the mind of a respondent. This cognitive order is generally envisioned as a latent but real connection between two cognitive elements, such that a change in one will produce a psychic impetus towards a change in the other. The associationist approach has been marred by two fundamental paradoxes: first, the conception of cognitive association that is relied upon is one having to do with change, while the model of the belief system that goes along with this is fundamentally static; second, an aggregate property is used as the basis of statements about individual cognition, while that property (non-independence) tends to disappear as we approach the individual level.In this paper, I propose that this research tradition can be salvaged by examining the dispersion of persons in a multidimensional space of potential beliefs; the absence of uniformity in this distribution is then indicative of some form of social organization, which may be quantified and/or described. I also argue that, far from being a compositional artifact that must be ignored when understanding the cognitive portion of beliefs, the social distribution of persons in a belief space is itself what must be the referent of the word ‘belief’ in any sociological sense; our ability to form beliefs is inseparable from our understandings of our position in the social world with its adjacencies, hierarchies, and oppositions.

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DOI : 10.1016/S0304-422X(00)00010-3
Elsevier : 저널 > 논문

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