[논문]Overestimation of gross N transformation rates in grassland soils due to non-uniform exploitation of applied and native pools

Watson, C.J; Travers, G; Kilpatrick, D.J; Laidlaw, A.S; O'Riordan, E

doi:10.1016/S0038-0717(00)00103-6

[해외논문] Overestimation of gross N transformation rates in grassland soils due to non-uniform exploitation of applied and native pools

Soil biology & biochemistry, v.32 no.14, 2000년, pp.2019 - 2030

Watson, C.J (Agricultural and Environmental Science Division, Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland, Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX and School of Agriculture and Food Science, The Queen's University of Belfast, Newforge Lane, Belfast, Ireland) , Travers, G (Agricultural and Environmental Science Division, Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland, Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX and School of Agriculture and Food Science, The Queen's University of Belfast, Newforge Lane, Belfast, Ireland) , Kilpatrick, D.J (Biometrics Division, Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland, Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX and School of Agriculture and Food Science, The Queen's University of Belfast, Newforge Lane, Belfast, Ireland) , Laidlaw, A.S (Applied Plant Science Division, Department of Agriculture for Northern Ireland, Newforge Lane, Belfast BT9 5PX and School of Agriculture and Food Science, The Queen's University of Belfast, Newforge Lane, Belfast, Ireland) , O'Riordan, E (Teagasc, National Beef Research Centre, Grange, Dunsany, County Meath, Ireland)

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AbstractThe study tested the validity of some of the assumptions in the 15N pool dilution technique in short-term soil incubations. Microbial N transformation rates were calculated using 15N pool dilution during 24h in four grassland soils in April 1998. The change in concentration and enrichment of the NH4+-N and NO3−-N pools was determined at 0, 1.5, 4, 10, 16 and 24h following application of differentially 15N labelled NH4NO3 in solution at a rate of either 2 or 15mg Nkg−1 oven-dry soil and at an enrichment of 99.8 atom% excess. Rapid 15N pool dilution occurred in all soils. Rates of gross mineralisation and NH4+ consumption were not constant during the 24h incubation in contrast to nitrification rates. An application of 15mg Nkg−1 decreased gross mineralisation and NO3− consumption and increased nitrification rates compared to an application of 2mg Nkg−1. Applied 15NH4+ was rapidly nitrified with up to 55% of the added label recovered as 15NO3− after 24h. This rapid conversion of 15NH4+ to 15NO3− occurred without a proportional and concurrent increase in the size of the unlabelled NO3− pool. Gross and net nitrification rates were significantly different due to 15NO3− consumption. The results suggest that there was non-uniform exploitation of the 14N and 15N pools by soil microorganisms, invalidating one of the key assumptions in the 15N pool dilution technique. Preferential consumption of applied NH4+ and NO3− led to an overestimate of gross mineralisation and nitrification rates due to the greater rate of decline of the 15N enrichment of the added N pool. In future studies care should be taken to ensure that gross N transformation rates are not altered by the method used to quantify them.

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