[논문]Correlation between cerebral blood flow and olfactory function in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

Kashibayashi, Tetsuo; Takahashi, Ryuichi; Fujita, Jun; Fujito, Ryoko; Kamimura, Naoto; Okutani, Fumino; Kazui, Hiroaki

doi:10.1002/gps.5527

[해외논문] Correlation between cerebral blood flow and olfactory function in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

International journal of geriatric psychiatry, v.36 no.7, 2021년, pp.1103 - 1109

Kashibayashi, Tetsuo (Department of Neuropsychiatry, Kochi Medical School Kochi University, Nankoku, Kochi, Japan) , Takahashi, Ryuichi (Nishi‐) , Fujita, Jun (Harima Dementia‐) , Fujito, Ryoko (Related Disease Medical Center, Hyogo Prefectural Rehabilitation Hospital at Nishi‐) , Kamimura, Naoto (Harima, Tatsuno, Hyogo, Japan) , Okutani, Fumino (Nishi‐) , Kazui, Hiroaki (Harima Dementia‐)

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AbstractObjectiveOlfactory dysfunction is common in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD). We sought to elucidate brain regions associated with olfactory dysfunction in patients with MCI and early AD by using 123I‐IMP‐SPECT to detect regional cerebral blood flow (CBF).MethodsWe included 218 patients diagnosed with AD or MCI, who underwent a comprehensive battery of neuropsychiatric and neuropsychological tests, Alzheimer's Disease Assessment Scale‐Cognitive Part (ADAS‐Cog), and forward‐ and backward‐digit span. Olfactory function was assessed using T&T olfactometry of five odors; patients stated whether they experienced any smell (detection test) and identified the odor (identification test). The association between single‐photon emission computerized tomography based regional CBF and olfactory function was examined by voxel‐by‐voxel multiple regression analysis, considering sex, age, and education as covariate parameters.ResultsOf the 218 patients, 78 had mildly impaired olfactory detection and 15 had olfactory detection loss; additionally, 213 had mild olfactory identification impairment. The odor detection score correlated significantly with the ADAS‐Cog word recall score (r = 0.193, p = 0.004). The odor identification score correlated significantly with the ADAS memory (r = 0.408, p < 0.001) and ADAS orientation (r = 0.292, p < 0.001) scores. The odor identification score correlated negatively with CBF in the left temporal pole, entorhinal area, and bilateral frontal poles (p < 0.001).ConclusionOlfactory identification dysfunction in patients with MCI and AD is attributable to reduced CBF of the left temporal pole, entorhinal area, and bilateral frontal pole.Key pointsOlfactory dysfunction is frequently observed in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI) or Alzheimer's disease (AD)Single‐photon emission computerized tomography (SPECT) might enable us to elucidate the association between sites of early damage in patients with MCI or AD, undetectable by magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and olfactory dysfunctionWe determined the brain regions responsible for olfaction by using 123I‐IMP‐SPECT to detect regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) in patients with MCI and early ADThe present study found that odor identification was associated with the bilateral frontal pole, in addition to the left temporal pole and entorhinal area, which had been identified in the previous studies using MRIOdor identification impairment was present in 97.7% of MCI/early AD patientsOdor detection scores correlated significantly with the ADAS‐Cog word recall scoresOdor identification correlated significantly with Mini‐Mental State Examination (MMSE), memory, and orientationOdor identification but not odor detection correlated negatively with CBFThe left temporal pole, entorhinal area, and bilateral frontal poles are involved

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[해외논문] Correlation between cerebral blood flow and olfactory function in mild cognitive impairment and Alzheimer's disease

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