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Rapid urbanization has been widely spreading in many countries where economic growth rate is great and it is accompanied by further construction of residential areas and urban facilities hosting population influx. The urbanization inevitably causes reduction of green tracts and increase of impermeab...

Rapid urbanization has been widely spreading in many countries where economic growth rate is great and it is accompanied by further construction of residential areas and urban facilities hosting population influx. The urbanization inevitably causes reduction of green tracts and increase of impermeable surface. This change of land surface causes perturbation in the groundwater flow system and hence results in water level decline due to lessened groundwater recharge and increase of surface runoff. In addition, possibility of groundwater contamination increases due to the increased contamination source facilities. However, the urbanization would not necessarily cause reduction of groundwater quantity but net increase of groundwater budget can be caused by excessive artificial irrigation in parks and gardens and by leakage of municipal waterworks and sewerages. In the meanwhile, large water level increase would be caused due to strict control of groundwater development and hence reduction of groundwater use in cities, which can poise a threat to stability of many buildings constructed based on the preceding lowered groundwater levels. This paper provides a review on effects of urbanization on the groundwater system.

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