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There are some criticism that phenomenology in nursing research reflects the American intellectual tradition far more than any features of main stream of phenomenological movement. The reason is that in being transplanted to the North America continent, phenomenology experienced significant mutation...

There are some criticism that phenomenology in nursing research reflects the American intellectual tradition far more than any features of main stream of phenomenological movement. The reason is that in being transplanted to the North America continent, phenomenology experienced significant mutation and was applied to fields such as psychology, sociology, and nursing. It can be said that nursing researchers used new phenomenological methods, which were influenced by the American intellectual tradition such as pragmatism, humanistic psychology and social symbolic interactionism. Specially according to Crotty and Paley, nursing researchers largely misunderstood Husserl"s central idea, and as a result, their version of his philosophy beared little resemblance to the original. For that reason, humanistic psychology played a very significant role in determining how phenomenological nursing research was understood. Futhermore, Benner"s Heideggerian phenomenology focused on "a shared background of common meanings" in nursing research, it owed nothing to the phenomenological movement, but related to the symbolic interactionism as a form of social inquiry emanating from the thought of Mead. Therefore, this paper examines some critique regarding the phenomenological nursing research and then suggests a stepwise method for the phenomenological research that use the lived experience of nursing as an example.

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