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Abstract ▼ AI-Helper

The democracy of today which succeeds to the tradition of the democracy of ancient Athens, consists of a combination of the political equalitarianism which secures the equal participation of all the people, and the principle of expert which admits the specialty of political expert. But this type of ...

The democracy of today which succeeds to the tradition of the democracy of ancient Athens, consists of a combination of the political equalitarianism which secures the equal participation of all the people, and the principle of expert which admits the specialty of political expert. But this type of democracy has a possibility to be corrupted to a mobocracy or a politics of demagogue as the democracy of Plato’s time. The populism of today generates from such limits of democracy. Therefore Plato has proposed the rule of a philosopher-king as a alternative of this type of democracy. But the rule of a philosopher-king is as matter of fact not realizable as well as it is not a democracy, because it does not permit the participation of the people into the politics. But the impossibility of the rule of a philosopher-king does not mean that the abilities of everyone are equal. In this essay it will be shown that the democracy, where competitive political experts present policies and the common public chooses among them, can be a politics by fair argument instead of falling into populism, and that the conditions for politics by fair argument are the presence of relatively superior policies, indirect and open competition between the political experts, rational communication between the political experts and the common public, the possibility given to the common public to choose a relatively superior policy among several presented policies and the possibility to make a meaningful social choice on this basis.

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