[해외논문]The Application of a Wave Action Design Technique with Minimal Cost on a Turbocharged Engine Equipped with Water Cooled Charge Air Cooler Aimed for Energy Management원문보기
Abstract The vast majority of today's cars remain powered by gasoline or Diesel engines. In the European market, Diesel cars accounts for 55% of all new registrations while gasoline cars for 44%. All the other technologies such as hybrids, fully electric or natural gas and ethanol powered cars comb...
Abstract The vast majority of today's cars remain powered by gasoline or Diesel engines. In the European market, Diesel cars accounts for 55% of all new registrations while gasoline cars for 44%. All the other technologies such as hybrids, fully electric or natural gas and ethanol powered cars combine to make up the remaining 1%. Despite the publicity on these highly anticipated alternative technologies, statistics indicate that their usage remains marginal when compared to more ‘traditional’ powertrains. The internal combustion engine remains the principal way of transportation, at least for the foreseeable years. That being said, undesirable emissions (HC, CO, NOx, PM) are today's major concern because of their negative impact on air quality and global warming. The latest Euro 6 standard limits the CO emissions on a gasoline engine to 68% and the PM (particulate matter) on a Diesel engine to 96% lower than those established in 1992. CO2 emissions which are directly proportional to consumption rates are recently added to the list with a target of 95g/Km for 2020. The main trend for solving these issues is through engine downsizing with high rates of turbocharging accompanied by fuel injection control, after-treatment and system integration. Techniques that increment the energy saving costs. The ICCT (International Council on Clean Transportation) estimates that the cost of taking a 4-cylinder 1.5L Diesel engine from no emission controls to the Euro 6 standard is around US$1400. A major technique to gain control of the engine processes and achieve high performance and low emission levels is through air handling depicted by air intake tuning, turbocharging tuning and charge air cooling. This article briefly describes the air intake line of 4-cylinder 1.5L turbocharged Diesel engine and investigates the role of wave action phenomena on its intake line. The goal here is to achieve lower consumption and better performance by finding the optimal intake geometry. The latter comprises of a compressor wheel, a water cooled charge air cooler prototype (WCAC) and connecting pipes. The wave action effects were first explained and highlighted on a dynamic flow bench at “Mann+Hummel” using a frequency modeling approach which enabled to find the optimal length of piping upstream and downstream of the WCAC. Next this length was experimentally verified by mounting the different length on an engine test bench and registering pressure wave amplitudes. Finally the pressure recordings were fed to engine simulation software GT-PowerTM for a transient low speed simulation mimicking urban driving conditions and specific fuel consumption data were recovered. The result is a proposed air intake line for a turbocharged engine with a water cooled charge air cooler design choice. The proposed changes do not add any engine costs, but invests in significant R&D and retooling.
Abstract The vast majority of today's cars remain powered by gasoline or Diesel engines. In the European market, Diesel cars accounts for 55% of all new registrations while gasoline cars for 44%. All the other technologies such as hybrids, fully electric or natural gas and ethanol powered cars combine to make up the remaining 1%. Despite the publicity on these highly anticipated alternative technologies, statistics indicate that their usage remains marginal when compared to more ‘traditional’ powertrains. The internal combustion engine remains the principal way of transportation, at least for the foreseeable years. That being said, undesirable emissions (HC, CO, NOx, PM) are today's major concern because of their negative impact on air quality and global warming. The latest Euro 6 standard limits the CO emissions on a gasoline engine to 68% and the PM (particulate matter) on a Diesel engine to 96% lower than those established in 1992. CO2 emissions which are directly proportional to consumption rates are recently added to the list with a target of 95g/Km for 2020. The main trend for solving these issues is through engine downsizing with high rates of turbocharging accompanied by fuel injection control, after-treatment and system integration. Techniques that increment the energy saving costs. The ICCT (International Council on Clean Transportation) estimates that the cost of taking a 4-cylinder 1.5L Diesel engine from no emission controls to the Euro 6 standard is around US$1400. A major technique to gain control of the engine processes and achieve high performance and low emission levels is through air handling depicted by air intake tuning, turbocharging tuning and charge air cooling. This article briefly describes the air intake line of 4-cylinder 1.5L turbocharged Diesel engine and investigates the role of wave action phenomena on its intake line. The goal here is to achieve lower consumption and better performance by finding the optimal intake geometry. The latter comprises of a compressor wheel, a water cooled charge air cooler prototype (WCAC) and connecting pipes. The wave action effects were first explained and highlighted on a dynamic flow bench at “Mann+Hummel” using a frequency modeling approach which enabled to find the optimal length of piping upstream and downstream of the WCAC. Next this length was experimentally verified by mounting the different length on an engine test bench and registering pressure wave amplitudes. Finally the pressure recordings were fed to engine simulation software GT-PowerTM for a transient low speed simulation mimicking urban driving conditions and specific fuel consumption data were recovered. The result is a proposed air intake line for a turbocharged engine with a water cooled charge air cooler design choice. The proposed changes do not add any engine costs, but invests in significant R&D and retooling.
Heywood F 1988 Internal combustion Engine Fundamentals
Winterbone 2000 Design Techniques for Engine Manifolds,
Broome D. Induction ram. Part 1, the inertia and waves effects, Automobile engineer, pp. 130-133, April 1969.
Brown Boveri Rev Dzung 39 295 1952 Pressure pulsation at the intake of a supercharged internal combustion engine
Brown Boveri Rev. Ryti 52 90 1965 Pulsation in the air intake systems of turbocharged diesel engines
Banisoleiman K., Smith L. and French B. The interaction of diesel engine turbocharging and tuned inlet manifold systems under steady state and transient operation, IMechE, Part A: Journal of Power and Energy, Vols. 0957-6509/91, pp. 269-281, 1991.
Cser G. Double Resonance System - a new way to improve the low-speed operation of supercharged engines, IMechE, no. C405/013, 1990.
10.1243/PIME_PROC_1983_197_003_02 Watson N. Resonant intake and variable geometry turbocharging systems for a V-8 diesel engine, J. Power Energy, vol. 197, no. Proc. Instn Mech. Engrs., Part A, pp. 27-36, 1983.
10.4271/870298 Sato A., Suenaga K., Noda M. and Maeda Y. Advanced boost-up in Hino EP100-II turbocharged and charge-cooled diesel engine, SAE, no. paper 870298, 1987.
Chalet D., Mahe A., Migaud J. and Hetet J.F. A frequency modeling of the pressure waves in the inlet manifold of internal combustion, Applied Energy, Vol. 88(n?9), pp. 2988-2994. ISSN 0306-2619 DOI 10 1016/j.apenergy.2011.03.036, 2011.
10.1177/0954407011423745 Chalet D., Mahe A., Migaud J. and Hetet J.F. Multi-frequency modeling of unsteady flow in the inlet manifold of an internal combustion engine, Proc. IMechE Part D: J. Automobile Engineering, vol. 226, pp. 648-658, DOI: 10.1177/0954407011423745, 2012.
10.1007/s11630-011-0455-8 Chalet D., Mahe A., Hetet J.F. and Migaud J. A new modeling approach of pressure waves at the inlet of internal combustion engines, Journal of Thermal Science, Vol. 20(n?2), pp. 181-188. DOI: 10.1007/s11630-011-0455-8, 2011.
Cormerais M., Chalet D., Hetet J.F., Migaud J. and Huurdeman B. A New Accurate 1D Modeling Method for the Air Intake Line Based on 3D Geometry, MTZ Conference Ladungswechsel im Verbrennungsmotor 2010, Stuttgart, Germany, 19-20 October 2010.
10.4271/2005-01-1136 Fontana P. and Huurdeman B. A New Evaluation Method for the Thermodynamic Behavior of Air Intake Systems, SAE Technical Paper 2005-01-1136, 2005, doi: 10.4271/2005-01-1136.
Borel M. Les phenomenes d’ondes dans les moteurs, Publications de l’IFP, Editions TECHNIP, 2000.
Desmet B. Contribution a l’etude de l’influence du circuit d’aspiration sur le remplissage d’un moteur diesel, PhD Thesis, L’Universite des Sciences et Techniques de Lille, 1977.
Bruneau M. Manuel d’acoustique fondamentale, ISBN 2-86601-712-9 ISSN 1264-4692 Paris: Hermes, 1998.
10.4271/2012-01-0704 Ostrowski G., Neely G., Chadwell C., Mehta D. and Wetzel P. Downspeeding and Supercharging a Diesel Passenger Car for Increased Fuel Economy, SAE 2012-01-070, Detroit MI, 2012.
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.