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Eradication and control of invasive alien plants in the Mediterranean Basin: towards better coordination to enhance existing initiatives

Bulletin OEPP. EPPO bulletin, v.43 no.2, 2013년, pp.290 - 308  

Brunel, S. (Department of Science for Nature and Environmental Resources, University of Sassari, Via Piandanna 4, 07100, Sassari, Italy) ,  Brundu, G. (Anses, Laboratoire de la santé) ,  Fried, G. (des vé)

Abstract

Eradication et contrôle des plantes exotiques envahissantes dans le bassin méditerranéen: vers une meilleure coordination pour optimiser les initiatives existantesL'Organisation Européenne et Méditerranéenne pour la Protection des Plantes (OEPP), dans le cadre de ses activités dans le bassin méditerranéen, a émis un questionnaire pour regrouper des informations sur les actions de contrôle et d’éradication des plantes exotiques envahissantes. 34 actions d’éradication ont été rapportées, 16 en Espagne, 7 en Italie, 7 en France, 1 au Portugal, 1 à Malte et 2 sur la rive sud de la Méditerranée avec 1 en Israël et 1 en Tunisie. Vingt‐deux (22) espèces ont été ciblées et les habitats où ce type d'actions ont été le plus fréquemment entreprises étaient des dunes côtières, des littoraux sableux et des écosystèmes aquatiques. La plupart des espèces qui ont fait l'objet d'actions d’éradication étaient des espèces exotiques envahissantes inscrites sur les listes de l’OEPP telles que Ailanthus altissima, Buddleia davidii, Carpobrotus spp., Eichhornia crassipes, Ludwigia peploides, Pennisetum setaceum, Pistia stratiotes, Solanum elaeagnifolium et Sicyos angulatus. D'autres espèces éradiquées ont une répartition limitée dans l'ensemble de la région OEPP et peuvent être de nouvelles plantes exotiques envahissantes comme Ambrosia confertifolia, Cylindropuntia rosea, Leersia oryzoides, Leptochloa fusca subsp. uninervia et Marsilea drummondii. Des actions de lutte contre 90 espèces furent également rapportées. De nombreuses d'actions d’éradication et de gestion sont ainsi mises en œuvre dans les pays du pourtour méditerranéen. Actuellement, les acteurs semblent opérer en totale autonomie, sans consulter les pays voisins, ou d'autres parties prenantes à l'intérieur du pays. Il existe donc un besoin de coordination des nouvelles actions d’éradication.

Abstract

The European and Mediterranean Plant Protection Organization (EPPO), in the framework of its activities in the Mediterranean Basin, launched a questionnaire to gather information on eradication actions and control actions for invasive alien plants. Thirty‐four (34) eradication actions were reported, 16 occurring in Spain, 7 in Italy, 7 in France, 1 in Portugal, 1 in Malta, and 2 on the southern rim of the Mediterranean, with 1 in Israel and 1 in Tunisia. Twenty‐two (22) species were targeted, and the habitats where such actions were undertaken most frequently were coastal dunes, sandy shores and aquatic ecosystems. Most of the species that have been the object of an eradication action were known invasive species recorded in the EPPO lists, such as Ailanthus altissima, Buddleia davidii, Carpobrotus spp., Eichhornia crassipes, Ludwigia peploides, Pennisetum setaceum, Pistia stratiotes, Solanum elaeagnifolium and Sicyos angulatus. Other eradicated species have a limited distribution in the EPPO region and may represent emerging invasive plants, such as Ambrosia confertifolia, Cylindropuntia rosea, Leersia oryzoides, Leptochloa fusca subsp. uninervia and Marsilea drummondii. Control actions concerning 90 species were also reported. A large number of eradication actions, as well as management actions, are therefore happening in Mediterranean countries. At present countries appear to operate with complete autonomy, without consulting neighbouring countries or other stakeholders within the country. There is therefore a need for coordination of new eradication actions.

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