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13. BMC Psychiatry EK Cahoon 13 37 2013 10.1186/1471-244X-13-37 Cahoon EK, McGinty E, Ford D, et al. Schizophrenia and potentially preventable hospitalizations in the United States: a retrospective cross-sectional study. BMC Psychiatry. 2013;13:37. This is the most recent and largest study of acute hospitalizations for physical illness among schizophrenia patients. 

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14. Am J Med M Viron 125 223 2012 10.1016/j.amjmed.2011.05.002 Viron M, Baggett T, Hill M, et al. Schizophrenia for primary care providers: how to contribute to the care of a vulnerable patient population. Am J Med. 2012;125:223-30. An excellent overview of schizophrenia and the physical health needs of sufferers. 

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15. BMJ Open L Marston 4 2014 Marston L, Nazareth I, Petersen I, et al. Prescribing of antipsychotics in UK primary care: a cohort study. BMJ Open. 2014;4, e006135. doi: 10.1136/bmjopen-2014-006135 . 

16. Syst Rev C Nover 2 116 2013 10.1186/2046-4053-2-116 Nover C, Jackson S. Primary care-based educational interventions to decrease risk for metabolic syndrome for adults with major psychotic and/or affective disorders: a systematic review. Syst Rev. 2013;2:116. 

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18. AF Lehman 2004 Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, 2nd Edition Lehman AF, Lieberman JA, Dixon LB, et al. Practice guideline for the treatment of patients with schizophrenia, 2nd Edition. Washington, DC: American Psychiatric Association; 2004. 

19. Addington, D, Roch-Hugo B, Goldberg J, et al. Clinical practice guideline: treatment of schizophrenia. Can J Psychiatry 2005; 50 (suppl 1). 

20. Br J Psychiatry MJ Crawford 205 473 2014 10.1192/bjp.bp.113.142521 Crawford MJ, Jayakumar S, Lemmey S, et al. Assessment and treatment of physical health problems among people with schizophrenia: national cross-sectional study. Br J Psychiatry. 2014;205:473-7. 

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21. Prev Chronic Dis Pirraglia 9 2012 Pirraglia, Rowland E, Wen-Chih W, et al. Benefits of a primary care clinic co-located and integrated in a mental health setting for veterans with serious mental illness. Prev Chronic Dis. 2012;9, E51. 

22. 10.1002/14651858 Reilly S, Planner C, Gask L, et al. Collaborative care approaches for people with severe mental illness. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews. 2013, Issue 11. Art. No.: CD009531. DOI: 10.1002/14651858 . CD009531.pub2. 

    

23. PLoS One S Reilly 7 5 2012 Reilly S, Planner C, Hann M, et al. The role of primary care in service provision for people with severe mental illness in the United Kingdom. PLoS One. 2012;7(5), e36468. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone0036468 . This is an important study that provides useful insights into the naturalistic arrangements for patients who are managed in secondary/shared care and primary care alone. 

24. Adv Psychiatr Treat BP Murphy 17 401 2011 10.1192/apt.bp.110.008573 Murphy BP, Brewer WJ. Early intervention in psychosis: strengths and limitations of services. Adv Psychiatr Treat. 2011;17:401-7. 

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25. Early Interv Psychiatry M Maio De 9 1 2015 10.1111/eip.12132 De Maio M, Graham P, Vaughan D, et al. Review of international early psychosis programmes and a model to overcome unique challenges to the treatment of early psychosis in the United States. Early Interv Psychiatry. 2015;9:1-11. 

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26. Br J Psychiatry R Warner 187 Suppl 48 s104 2005 10.1192/bjp.187.48.s104 Warner R. Problems with early and very early intervention in psychosis. Br J Psychiatry. 2005;187 Suppl 48:s104-7. 

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27. Br J Psychiatry V Bird 197 350 2010 10.1192/bjp.bp.109.074526 Bird V, Premakumar P, Kendall T, et al. Early intervention services, cognitive-behavioural therapy and family intervention in early psychosis: systematic review. Br J Psychiatry. 2010;197:350-6. 

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28. Cochrane Database Syst Rev M Marshall 6 2011 Marshall M, Rathbone J. Early intervention for psychosis (review). Cochrane Database Syst Rev. 2011;6, CD004718. 

29. Psychol Med P Bosanac 40 353 2010 10.1017/S0033291709990341 Bosanac P, Patton GC, Castle DJ. Early intervention in psychotic disorders: faith before facts? Psychol Med. 2010;40:353-8. 

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30. Psychol Med P McGorry 40 399 2010 10.1017/S0033291709991346 McGorry P, Johanessen JO, Lewis S, et al. Early intervention in psychosis: keeping faith with evidence-based health care. Psychol Med. 2010;40:399-404. 

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32. Am J Psychiatr D Perkins 162 1785 2005 10.1176/appi.ajp.162.10.1785 Perkins D, Gu H, Boteva K, et al. Relationship between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in first episode schizophrenia: a critical review and meta-analysis. Am J Psychiatr. 2005;162:1785-804. 

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33. Arch Gen Psychiatry M Marshall 62 975 2005 10.1001/archpsyc.62.9.975 Marshall M, Lewis S, Lockwood A. Association between duration of untreated psychosis and outcome in cohorts of first episode patients. A systematic review. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2005;62:975-83. 

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34. Br J Psychiatry International Early Psychosis Association 187 Suppl 48 s120 2005 10.1192/bjp.187.48.s120 International Early Psychosis Association. International clinical practice guidelines for early psychosis. Br J Psychiatry. 2005;187 Suppl 48:s120-4. 

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35. Br J Psychiatry R Warner 202 284 2013 10.1192/bjp.bp.112.118943 Warner R. Invited commentary on … Ethnic variations in pathways into early intervention services for psychosis. Br J Psychiatry. 2013;202:284-5. 

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36. BMC Psychiatry K Bhui 14 72 2014 10.1186/1471-244X-14-72 Bhui K, Ullrich S, Coid JW, et al. Which pathways to psychiatric care lead to earlier treatment and a shorter duration of untreated psychosis? BMC Psychiatry. 2014;14:72. 

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37. Acta Psychiatr Scand KK Anderson 130 257 2014 10.1111/acps.12254 Anderson KK, Flora N, Archie S, et al. A meta-analysis of ethnic differences in pathways to care at the first episode of psychosis. Acta Psychiatr Scand. 2014;130:257-68. 

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38. Br J Psychiatry B Lloyd-Evans 198 256 2011 10.1192/bjp.bp.109.075622 Lloyd-Evans B, Crosby M, Stockton S, et al. Initiatives to shorten duration of untreated psychosis: systematic review. Br J Psychiatry. 2011;198:256-63. 

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39. BMC Psychiatry B Lloyd-Evans 15 98 2015 10.1186/s12888-015-0485-y Lloyd-Evans B, Sweeney S, Hinton M, et al. Evaluation of a community awareness programme to reduce delays in referrals to early intervention services and enhance early detection of psychosis. BMC Psychiatry. 2015;15:98. 

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40. Br J Psychiatry SP Singh 191 Suppl 50 s58 2007 10.1192/bjp.191.50.s58 Singh SP. Outcome measures in early psychosis: relevance of duration of untreated psychosis. Br J Psychiatry. 2007;191 Suppl 50:s58-63. 

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41. Br J Psychiatry M Birchwood 203 58 2013 10.1192/bjp.bp.112.125500 Birchwood M, Connor C, Lester H, et al. Reducing duration of untreated psychosis: care pathways to early intervention in psychosis services. Br J Psychiatry. 2013;203:58-64. 

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42. Br Med J D Shiers 328 1451 2004 10.1136/bmj.328.7454.1451 Shiers D, Lester H. Early intervention for first episode psychosis needs greater involvement of primary care professionals for its success. Br Med J. 2004;328:1451-2. 

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44. Schizophr Res A Simon 108 182 2009 10.1016/j.schres.2008.11.004 Simon A, Lester H, Tait L, et al. The international study on general practitioners and early psychosis (IGPS). Schizophr Res. 2009;108:182-90. 

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46. Br Med J MR Stafford 346 f184 2013 10.1136/bmj.f184 Stafford MR, Jackson H, Mayo-Wilson F, et al. Early interventions to prevent psychosis: systematic review and meta-analysis. Br Med J. 2013;346:f184. A robust review & meta-analysis. It is notable that most of the CBT trials included were small; only 2 were large multisite studies and neither showed a statistically robust effect in favour of CBT. 

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47. Arch Gen Psychiatry P Fusar-Poli 69 220 2012 10.1001/archgenpsychiatry.2011.1472 Fusar-Poli P, Bonoldi I, Yung AR, et al. Meta-analysis of transition outcomes in individuals at high clinical risk. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2012;69:220-9. Contains a useful discussion of the whole area of very early detection and transition to psychosis rates. 

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48. Schizophr Bull AR Yung 33 673 2007 10.1093/schbul/sbm015 Yung AR, Yuen HP, Berger G, et al. Declining transition rate in ultra high risk (prodromal) services: dilution or reduction of risk? Schizophr Bull. 2007;33:673-81. 

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55. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci A Ucok 60 439 2006 10.1111/j.1440-1819.2006.01529.x Ucok A, Soygur H, Atakli C, et al. The impact of antistigma education on the attitudes of general practitioners regarding schizophrenia. Psychiatry Clin Neurosci. 2006;60:439-43. 

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56. Soc Sci Med D Album 66 182 2008 10.1016/j.socscimed.2007.07.003 Album D, Westin S. Do diseases have a prestige hierarchy? A survey among physicians and medical students. Soc Sci Med. 2008;66:182-8. 

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