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Microbiological effectiveness of household water treatment technologies under field use conditions in rural Tanzania 원문보기

Tropical medicine & international health : TM & IH, v.21 no.1, 2016년, pp.33 - 40  

Mohamed, Hussein (School of Public Health, Muhimbili University of Health and Allied Sciences, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania) ,  Clasen, Thomas (Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania) ,  Njee, Robert Mussa (National Institute for Medical Research, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania) ,  Malebo, Hamisi M. (Rollins School of Public Health, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA) ,  Mbuligwe, Stephen (School of Environmental Science and Technology, Ardhi University, Dar es Salaam, Tanzania) ,  Brown, Joe (School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA, USA)

Abstract AI-Helper 아이콘AI-Helper

AbstractObjectivesTo assess the microbiological effectiveness of several household water treatment and safe storage (HWTS) options in situ in Tanzania, before consideration for national scale‐up of HWTS.MethodsParticipating households received supplies and instructions for practicing six HWTS ...

Abstract

ObjectifsEvaluer l'efficacité microbiologique de plusieurs technologies de traitement de l'eau des ménages et de stockage sécurisé (HWTS) in situ en Tanzanie, avant de considérer un déploiement de ces technologies à l’échelle nationale.MéthodesLes ménages participants ont reçu des équipements et des instructions pour l'application de six technologies HWTS pendant une durée rotationnelle de cinq semaines. Nous avons analysé 1202 échantillons appariés (provenant de sources et de traitements) de l'eau potable dans 390 ménages, couvrant toutes les technologies. Les échantillons ont été analysés pour les coliformes thermotolérants (CTT), un indicateur de contamination fécale, pour mesurer l'efficacité du traitement in situ.RésultatsToute les technologies HWTS amélioraient la qualité microbienne de l'eau, avec des réductions des CTT de 99,3% par l’ébullition, 99,4% avec la solution d'hypochlorite de sodium Waterguard™, 99,5% avec un filtre en pot de céramique, 99,5% avec les comprimés de dichloroisocyanurate de sodium Aquatab® (NaDCC), 99,6% avec les sachets de floculant/désinfectant P&G Purifier Water™ et 99,7% avec un filtre en siphon de céramique. La performance microbiologique était relativement élevée par rapport à d'autres études de terrain et les différences dans les réductions microbiennes entre les technologies n’étaient pas statistiquement significatives.ConclusionsÉtant donné que la performance microbiologique entre les technologies était comparable, les décisions concernant le déploiement devraient être fondées sur d'autres facteurs, y compris l'usage par la population cible et l'utilisation correcte, consistante et soutenue au fil du temps.

주제어

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