A Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility (NZERTF) has been constructed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland, to demonstrate that a home similar in size, aesthetics, and amenities to those in the surrounding communities can achieve net-zero energy ...
A Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility (NZERTF) has been constructed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland, to demonstrate that a home similar in size, aesthetics, and amenities to those in the surrounding communities can achieve net-zero energy use over the course of a year while meeting the average electricity and water use needs of a family of four in the United States. The facility incorporates renewable energy and energy efficient technologies, including an air-to-air heat pump system, a solar photovoltaic system, a solar thermal domestic hot water system, and a heat recovery ventilation system sized to meet American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 62.2-2010 ventilation requirements. The largest energy end use within the home was space conditioning, which included heat loss through the building envelope, ventilation air supplied by the heat recovery ventilator (HRV), and internal loads. While HRVs are often described as being able to save energy when compared to ventilating without heat recovery, there have been no studies using a full year of measured data that determine the thermal load and energy impacts of HRV-based ventilation on the central heating and cooling system. Over the course of a year, continuous operation of the HRV at the NZERTF resulted in an annual savings of 7% in heat pump energy use compared with the hypothetical case of ventilating without heat recovery. The heat pump electrical use varied from an increase of 5% in the cooling months to 36% savings in the heating months compared with ventilation without heat recovery. The increase in the cooling months occurred when the outdoor temperature was lower than the indoor temperature, during which the availability of an economizer mode would have been beneficial. Nevertheless, the fan energy required to operate the selected HRV at the NZERTF paid for itself in the heat pump energy saved compared with ventilation without heat recovery.
A Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility (NZERTF) has been constructed at the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland, to demonstrate that a home similar in size, aesthetics, and amenities to those in the surrounding communities can achieve net-zero energy use over the course of a year while meeting the average electricity and water use needs of a family of four in the United States. The facility incorporates renewable energy and energy efficient technologies, including an air-to-air heat pump system, a solar photovoltaic system, a solar thermal domestic hot water system, and a heat recovery ventilation system sized to meet American Society of Heating, Refrigeration, and Air-Conditioning Engineers (ASHRAE) Standard 62.2-2010 ventilation requirements. The largest energy end use within the home was space conditioning, which included heat loss through the building envelope, ventilation air supplied by the heat recovery ventilator (HRV), and internal loads. While HRVs are often described as being able to save energy when compared to ventilating without heat recovery, there have been no studies using a full year of measured data that determine the thermal load and energy impacts of HRV-based ventilation on the central heating and cooling system. Over the course of a year, continuous operation of the HRV at the NZERTF resulted in an annual savings of 7% in heat pump energy use compared with the hypothetical case of ventilating without heat recovery. The heat pump electrical use varied from an increase of 5% in the cooling months to 36% savings in the heating months compared with ventilation without heat recovery. The increase in the cooling months occurred when the outdoor temperature was lower than the indoor temperature, during which the availability of an economizer mode would have been beneficial. Nevertheless, the fan energy required to operate the selected HRV at the NZERTF paid for itself in the heat pump energy saved compared with ventilation without heat recovery.
DOE 2015 A Common Definition for Zero Energy Buildings
EISA 2007 Energy Independence and Security Act of 2007
Obama 2009 Executive Order 13514 - Federal Leadership in Environmental, Energy, and Economic Performance
AIA
ASHRAE 28 2008 ASHRAE Vision 2020: Providing Tools by 2020 that Enable the Building Community to Produce Market-Viable NZEBs by 2030
EPBD 2010 Energy Performance of Buildings Directive
COM 2014 Zero Net Emissions by 2020
Energy Build Parker 41 5 512 2009 10.1016/j.enbuild.2008.11.017 Very low energy homes in the United States: perspectives on performance from measured data
Energy Build Fanney 101 95 2015 10.1016/j.enbuild.2015.05.002 Net-zero and beyond! Design and performance of NIST's net-zero energy residential test facility
Omar 2013 Simulating Occupancy in the NIST Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility
Kneifel 2012 Annual Whole Building Energy Simulation of the NIST Net-Zero Energy Residentail Test Facility
Pettit 2014 Design Challenges of the NIST Net Zero Energy Residential Test Facility
AHRI 2008 Standard 210/240: Standard for Performance Rating of Unitary Air-Conditioning and Air-Source Heat Pump Equipment
ASHRAE Trans Rudd 113 1 435 2007 Monitored indoor moisture and temperature conditions in humid climate US residences
Davis 2014 Monitoring Techniques for the Net-Zero Energy Residential Test Facility
ASHRAE 2010 Standard 62.2-2010: Ventilation and Acceptable Indoor Air Quality in Low-Rise Residential Buildings
Taylor 25 1994 Guidelines for Evaluating and Expressing the Uncertainty of NIST Measurement Results
HVI 2015 HVI-Certified Products Directory
Agogino 2002 Proceedings of the AAAI 2002 Spring Symposium Sensor validation and fusion with distributed ‘smart dust’ motes for monitoring and enabling efficient energy use
AI-Helper
※ AI-Helper는 부적절한 답변을 할 수 있습니다.