[논문]Source apportionment of PM2.5 for 25 Chinese provincial capitals and municipalities using a source-oriented Community Multiscale Air Quality model

Qiao, Xue; Ying, Qi; Li, Xinghua; Zhang, Hongliang; Hu, Jianlin; Tang, Ya; Chen, Xue

doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.08.272

Source apportionment of PM2.5 for 25 Chinese provincial capitals and municipalities using a source-oriented Community Multiscale Air Quality model

The Science of the total environment, v.612, 2018년, pp.462 - 471

Qiao, Xue (Institute of New Energy and Low-Carbon Technology, Sichuan University) , Ying, Qi (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Cleaning Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology) , Li, Xinghua (School of Space & Environment, Beihang University) , Zhang, Hongliang (Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Louisiana State University) , Hu, Jianlin (Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Atmospheric Environment Monitoring and Pollution Control, Jiangsu Engineering Technology Research Center of Environmental Cleaning Materials, Collaborative Innovation Center of Atmospheric Environment and Equipment Technology, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Nanjing University of Information Sci) , Tang, Ya , Chen, Xue

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Abstract Source contributions to fine airborne particulate matter with aerodynamic diameters <2.5μm (PM2.5) during 2013 were determined for 25 Chinese provincial capitals and municipalities using a source-oriented version of the Community Multiscale Air Quality (CMAQ) model. Based on the hierarchical clustering analysis of the observed PM2.5 concentrations, the 25 cities were categorized into nine groups. Generally, annual PM2.5 concentrations were highest in the cities in the north (81–154μgm−3) and lowest in the cities close to seas in the south and east (27–57μgm−3). Seasonal PM2.5 observations in the cities were generally higher in winter than in the other seasons. Industrial or residential sources were predicted to be the largest contributor to PM2.5 for all the city groups, with annually fractional contributions of 25.0%–38.6% and 9.6%–27%, respectively. The annual contributions from power plants, agriculture NH3, windblown dust, and secondary organic aerosol (SOA) for the city groups were 8.7%–12.7%, 9.5%–12%, 6.1%–12.5%, and 5.4%–15.5%, respectively. Meanwhile, the annual contributions from transportation, sea salt, and open burning were relatively low (<8%, <2%, and <6%, respectively). Secondary PM2.5 accounted for 47%–63% of total annual PM2.5 concentrations in the cities and contributed to as much as 70% of daily PM2.5 concentrations on PM2.5 pollution days (daily concentrations>75μgm−3). Industrial or residential sources were generally the largest contributor on PM2.5 pollution days for all the city groups in each season, except that open burning, SOA, and windblown dust could be more important on some days, particularly in spring. The results of this study would be helpful to develop measures to reduce annual PM2.5 concentrations and the number of PM2.5 pollution days for different regions of China. Highlights Source contributions to PM2.5 in 2013 at 25 major Chinese cities were determined. Industrial and residential activities were predicted to be the largest contributor. On high pollution days, as much as 70% of PM2.5 were due to secondary inorganics. Industries have higher fractions of secondary inorganics than residential sources. Graphical abstract [DISPLAY OMISSION]

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Source apportionment of PM2.5 for 25 Chinese provincial capitals and municipalities using a source-oriented Community Multiscale Air Quality model

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