참고문헌 (45)

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12. 12 Rasheed Z Akhtar N Haqqi TM Pomegranate extract inhibits the interleukin-1 β -induced activation of MKK-3, p38 α -MAPK and transcription factor RUNX-2 in human osteoarthritis chondrocytes Arthritis Research & Therapy 2010 12 5, article R195 2-s2.0-77957890472 

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17. 17 Qi L-W Wang C-Z Yuan C-S Isolation and analysis of ginseng: advances and challenges Natural Product Reports 2011 28 3 467 495 2-s2.0-79952012614 21258738 

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18. 18 Lee D-H Cho H-J Kang H-Y Rhee MH Park H-J Total saponin from Korean red ginseng inhibits thromboxane A 2 production associated microsomal enzyme activity in platelets Journal of Ginseng Research 2012 36 1 40 46 2-s2.0-84855780171 23717102 

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19. 19 Sohn E-H Jang S-A Lee C-H Effects of Korean red ginseng extract for the treatment of atopic dermatitis-like skin lesions in mice Journal of Ginseng Research 2011 35 4 479 486 2-s2.0-84855658693 23717095 

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21. 21 Lee DC Lau AS Effects of Panax ginseng on tumor necrosis factor- α -mediated inflammation: a mini-review Molecules 2011 16 4 2802 2816 2-s2.0-79955545463 21455094 

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22. 22 Park J-S Park E-M Kim D-H Anti-inflammatory mechanism of ginseng saponins in activated microglia Journal of Neuroimmunology 2009 209 1-2 40 49 2-s2.0-64549126462 19232442 

23. 23 Baek S-H Bae O-N Park JH Recent methodology in Ginseng analysis Journal of Ginseng Research 2012 36 2 119 134 2-s2.0-84859610336 23717112 

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24. 24 Chai H Wang Q Huang L Xie T Fu Y Ginsenoside Rb1 inhibits tumor necrosis factor- α -induced vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 expression in human endothelial cells Biological & Pharmaceutical Bulletin 2008 31 11 2050 2056 2-s2.0-55549129287 18981572 

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25. 25 Ye R Yang Q Kong X Ginsenoside Rd attenuates early oxidative damage and sequential inflammatory response after transient focal ischemia in rats Neurochemistry International 2011 58 3 391 398 2-s2.0-79951577369 21185898 

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26. 26 Keum Y-S Han SS Chun K-S Inhibitory effects of the ginsenoside Rg 3 on phorbol ester-induced cyclooxygenase-2 expression, NF- κ B activation and tumor promotion Mutation Research: Fundamental and Molecular Mechanisms of Mutagenesis 2003 523-524 75 85 2-s2.0-0037293063 12628505 

27. 27 Choi K Kim M Ryu J Choi C Ginsenosides compound K and Rh 2 inhibit tumor necrosis factor- α -induced activation of the NF- κ B and JNK pathways in human astroglial cells Neuroscience Letters 2007 421 1 37 41 2-s2.0-34250161282 17548155 

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28. 28 Hu J-F Song X-Y Chu S-F Inhibitory effect of ginsenoside Rg1 on lipopolysaccharide-induced microglial activation in mice Brain Research 2011 1374 8 14 2-s2.0-79251622569 21126513 

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29. 29 Du J Cheng B Zhu X Ling C Ginsenoside Rg1, a novel glucocorticoid receptor agonist of plant origin, maintains glucocorticoid efficacy with reduced side effects The Journal of Immunology 2011 187 2 942 950 2-s2.0-79960481117 21666059 

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30. 30 Jung J-S Kim D-H Kim H-S Ginsenoside Rh1 suppresses inducible nitric oxide synthase gene expression in IFN- γ -stimulated microglia via modulation of JAK/STAT and ERK signaling pathways Biochemical and Biophysical Research Communications 2010 397 2 323 328 2-s2.0-77955486010 20510882 

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32. 32 Yu T Kim SH Yang YY Inhibition of TBK1/IRF-3 and p38/ATF-2 pathways by ginsenoside Rc is linked to amelioration of macrophage-mediated inflammation and collagen type II-induced arthritis Submitted to Biochemical Pharmacology 

33. 33 Yayeh T Jung K-H Jeong H-Y Korean red ginseng saponin fraction downregulates proinflammatory mediators in LPS stimulated RAW264.7 cells and protects mice against endotoxic shock Journal of Ginseng Research 2012 36 3 263 269 23717127 

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37. 37 Fleming SD Tsokos GC Complement, natural antibodies, autoantibodies and tissue injury Autoimmunity Reviews 2006 5 2 89 92 2-s2.0-31344442555 16431334 

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43. 43 Qi L-W Wang C-Z Yuan C-S Ginsenosides from American ginseng: chemical and pharmacological diversity Phytochemistry 2011 72 8 689 699 2-s2.0-79954627696 21396670 

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44. 44 Park J-S Shin JA Jung J-S Anti-inflammatory mechanism of compound K in activated microglia and its neuroprotective effect on experimental stroke in mice Journal of Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics 2012 341 1 59 67 2-s2.0-84858645022 22207656 

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45. 45 Kim HA Kim S Chang SH Hwang HJ Choi Y-N Anti-arthritic effect of ginsenoside Rb1 on collagen induced arthritis in mice International Immunopharmacology 2007 7 10 1286 1291 2-s2.0-34547190184 17673143 

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