Collins, Anna
(School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia)
,
Amprayil, Mathew
(School of Medicine, University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia)
,
Solanki, Nicholas S.
(Adult Burns Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia)
,
Greenwood, John Edward
(Adult Burns Unit, Royal Adelaide Hospital, North Terrace, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia)
Introduction: Wheat bags are therapeutic devices that are heated in microwaves and commonly used to provide relief from muscle and joint pain. The Royal Adelaide Hospital Burns Unit has observed a number of patients with significant burn injuries resulting from their use. Despite their dangers, the ...
Introduction: Wheat bags are therapeutic devices that are heated in microwaves and commonly used to provide relief from muscle and joint pain. The Royal Adelaide Hospital Burns Unit has observed a number of patients with significant burn injuries resulting from their use. Despite their dangers, the products come with limited safety information. Methods: Data were collected from the Burns Unit database for all patients admitted with burns due to hot wheat bags from 2004 to 2009. This was analyzed to determine the severity of the burn injury and identify any predisposing factors. An experimental study was performed to measure the temperature of wheat bags when heated to determine their potential for causing thermal injury. Results: 11 patients were admitted with burns due to hot wheat bags. The median age was 52 years and the mean total body surface area was 1.1%. All burns were either deep dermal (45.5%) or full thickness (54.5%). Ten patients required operative management. Predisposing factors (eg, neuropathy) to thermal injury were identified in 7 patients. The experimental study showed that hot wheat bags reached temperatures of 57.3°C (135.1°F) when heated according to instructions, 63.3°C (145.9°F) in a 1000 W microwave and 69.6°C (157.3°F) on reheating. Conclusions: Hot wheat bags cause serious burn injury. When heated improperly, they can reach temperatures high enough to cause epidermal necrosis in a short period of time. Patients with impaired temperature sensation are particularly at risk. There should be greater public awareness of the dangers of wheat bag use and more specific safety warnings on the products.
Introduction: Wheat bags are therapeutic devices that are heated in microwaves and commonly used to provide relief from muscle and joint pain. The Royal Adelaide Hospital Burns Unit has observed a number of patients with significant burn injuries resulting from their use. Despite their dangers, the products come with limited safety information. Methods: Data were collected from the Burns Unit database for all patients admitted with burns due to hot wheat bags from 2004 to 2009. This was analyzed to determine the severity of the burn injury and identify any predisposing factors. An experimental study was performed to measure the temperature of wheat bags when heated to determine their potential for causing thermal injury. Results: 11 patients were admitted with burns due to hot wheat bags. The median age was 52 years and the mean total body surface area was 1.1%. All burns were either deep dermal (45.5%) or full thickness (54.5%). Ten patients required operative management. Predisposing factors (eg, neuropathy) to thermal injury were identified in 7 patients. The experimental study showed that hot wheat bags reached temperatures of 57.3°C (135.1°F) when heated according to instructions, 63.3°C (145.9°F) in a 1000 W microwave and 69.6°C (157.3°F) on reheating. Conclusions: Hot wheat bags cause serious burn injury. When heated improperly, they can reach temperatures high enough to cause epidermal necrosis in a short period of time. Patients with impaired temperature sensation are particularly at risk. There should be greater public awareness of the dangers of wheat bag use and more specific safety warnings on the products.
참고문헌 (5)
1 North Star Creations Natural wheat bags: how they work Available at: www.wheatbags.com.au. Accessed May 26, 2011
2 Whittam A Wilson A Greenwood JE Burn injuries caused by hot water bottles: audit and loop closure Eplasty 2010 10 12 88 94
3 Australian Competition & Consumer Commission Hot water bottle safety July 2010. Available at: http://www.accc.gov.au/content/index.phtml/itemId/759045. Accessed May 20, 2011
4 Moritz AR Henriques FC Studies of thermal injury II. The relative importance of time and surface temperature in the causation of cutaneous burns Am J Pathol 1947 23 695 720 19970955
5 Heat bag warning after fire death BBC News June 9, 2009. Available at: http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/uk_news/england/south_yorkshire/8091940.stm. Accessed May 24, 2011
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