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1. A process of making a compound of formula IV comprising: (1) reacting a compound of formula V with a compound of formula VI to yield a compound of formula VII: wherein A is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, ?CF3, aryl, and heteroaryl; M is selected from t

1. A process of making a compound of formula IV comprising: (1) reacting a compound of formula V with a compound of formula VI to yield a compound of formula VII: wherein A is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, ?CF3, aryl, and heteroaryl; M is selected from the group consisting of Br, Cl, I, ?CN, ?C(O)OR, ?C(O)NR1R2, and ?C(O)SR3; Z is selected from the group consisting of halogen, ?OR4, ?NR5R6 and ?SR7; R is selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, and heterocyclyl; and R1, R2, R3, R4, R5, R6, and R7, which can be the same or different, are each independently selected from the group consisting of H, alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, and heterocyclyl, wherein said alkyl, aryl, aralkyl, heteroaryl, cycloalkyl, and heterocyclyl can each be unsubstituted or substituted with 1-4 independently selected W moieties, which can be the same or different, wherein W is selected from the group consisting of alkyl, halo, cycloalkyl, heterocyclyl, aryl and heteroaryl; (2) cyclizing the compound of formula VII to yield a compound of formula VIII: (3) converting the compound of formula VIII to yield a compound of formula IX: and (4) reacting the compound of formula IX with a compound of formula X to yield the compound of formula IV: 2. The process according to claim 1, wherein M is methoxycarbonyl, A is methyl and Z is ethoxy. 3. The process of claim 2, wherein step 1 is conducted in an alcohol solvent at about ?20° C. to about the reflux temperature of the solvent and for about 30 minutes to until the reaction is complete. 4. The process according to claim 2, wherein said cyclizing in step 2 comprises adding to the compound of formula VII a dehydrating agent selected from the group consisting of POCl3, PCl3, Tf2O, Ms2O, PCl5 and P2O5 in a solvent, at about room temperature to about the reflux temperature of said solvent, for about 30 minutes to until the reaction is complete. 5. The process according to claim 4, wherein the dehydrating agent is POCl3. 6. The process of claim 4, wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of ether, hydrocarbon, nitrile, ester, chlorinated solvents and mixtures thereof. 7. The process of claim 6, wherein said solvent is acetonitrile. 8. The process of claim 2, wherein step 3 comprises treating the compound of formula VIII with a base selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and lithium hydroxide and the like, and mixtures thereof, in solvent selected from the group consisting of an ether, alcohol, nitrile and the like, and mixtures thereof, about room temperature to about the reflux temperature, for about 2 hours or until the reaction is complete, to yield the compound of formula IX. 9. The process of claim 8, wherein said base is lithium hydroxide and said solvent is tetrahydrofuran. 10. The process according to claim 2, wherein step 4 comprises first converting the compound of formula IX into its acid chloride, followed by reacting said acid chloride with the compound of formula X in the presence of a base in a solvent at about 10° C. to about 80° C., for about 30 minutes to about the completion of the reaction, followed by acidification to yield the compound of formula IV. 11. The process of claim 10, wherein said acid chloride is formed by the reacting the compound of formula IX with SOCl2 or oxalyl chloride. 12. The process according to claim 11, wherein said acid chloride is SOCl2. 13. The process of claim 10, wherein said base is selected from the group consisting of sodium hydride, sodium methoxide, potassium methoxide, sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium hydride, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, lithium hydroxide, and the like, and mixtures thereof. 14. The process of claim 13, wherein said base is lithium hydroxide. 15. The process of claim 10, wherein said solvent is selected from the group consisting of nitrile, hydrocarbon, chlorinated hydrocarbon, amide, ether, and the like and mixtures thereof. 16. The process of claim 15, wherein said solvent is acetonitrile, DMF or mixtures thereof. 17. The process of claim 10, wherein said acid is selected from the group consisting of acetic acid, HCl, H2SO4, and mixtures thereof. 18. The process of claim 17, wherein said acid is HCl. 19. A process to prepare a compound of the formula: said process comprising: (1) reacting a compound of formula V with a compound of formula VI to yield a compound of formula VII, in an alcohol solvent at about ?20° C. to about the reflux temperature of the solvent and for about 30 minutes to until the reaction is complete: (2) cyclizing the compound of formula VII to yield a compound of formula VIII, by treating the compound of formula VII in a solvent with a dehydrating agent selected from the group consisting of POCl3, PCl3, Tf2O, Ms2O, PCl5 and P2O5, at about room temperature to about the reflux temperature of said solvent, for about 30 minutes to until the reaction is complete: (3) hydrolyzing the compound of formula VIII to yield a compound of formula IX, by treating the compound of formula VIII with a base selected from the group consisting of sodium carbonate, potassium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, potassium bicarbonate, sodium hydroxide, potassium hydroxide, and lithium hydroxide and mixtures thereof, in solvent selected from the group consisting of an ether, alcohol, nitrile and the like, and mixtures thereof, about room temperature to about the reflux temperature, for about 2 hours or until the reaction is complete: and (4) reacting the compound of formula IX with a compound of formula X to yield the compound of formula II, with said reaction comprising first converting the compound of formula IX into its acid chloride, followed by reacting said acid chloride with the compound of formula X in the presence of a base in a solvent at about 10° C. to about 80° C., for about 30 minutes to about the completion of the reaction, followed by acidification to yield the compound of formula II: 20. A compound of the formula: 21. A compound of the formula: